Lecture 23 Flashcards Preview

BMS237 - Advanced Developmental Biology > Lecture 23 > Flashcards

Flashcards in Lecture 23 Deck (19)
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1
Q

Reciprocal interactions between which two structures are responsible for the induction of the definitive kidney

A

Ureteric bud and metanephric mesenchyme

2
Q

Which structure involved in the interactions that form the definitive kidney is derived from a small outpocketing of intermediate mesoderm

A

Ureteric bud

3
Q

Which structure of the early developing kidney will give rise to the calyces

A

Ureteric bud

4
Q

Which structure of the early developing kidney will form the definitive nephric tubules

A

Metanephric mesenchyme

5
Q

Explain how the reciprocal inductive interactions of the 2 structures that form the definitive kidney lead to the formation of the renal vesicles

A

The ureteric bud induces the nephrogenic mesenchyme to condense around the bud and undergo a mesenchymal-to-epithelial (MET) cell transition to form the renal epithelium and later, the renal vesicles

6
Q

What type of cell transition does the metanephric mesenchyme undergo to form the renal vesicles

A

Mesenchymal to epithelial cell transition

7
Q

The renal vesicles grow and differentiate to form the nephrons of the kidney. Describe the different events occurring proximally and distally

A

The proximal regions of the renal vesicles will fuse with the ureteric bud whereas the distal regions will develop into the Bowman’s capsule and attract the blood endothelium that form the glomerulus

8
Q

The distal convoluted tubule develops most distally to the uretic bud whereas the proximal convoluted tubule develops most proximally, T or F

A

F – in fact, this is vice versa, the anatomical terms were coined before understanding the development of the nephron

9
Q

Put these stages of nephrogenesis in order. A - comma-shaped body, B - nephron, C - S-shaped body, D - Metanephric mesenchyme

A

d, a, c, b

10
Q

Nephrons arise from pretubular aggregates, a subpopulation of the cap mesenchyme, in response to which signal

A

Wnt9b

11
Q

What 3 genes are early molecular markers of pretubular aggregates

A

Pax8, FGF8 and Wnt4

12
Q

Which two signals are responsible for causing the conversion of the pretubular aggregates into epithelial vesicles

A

Lhx1 and wnt4

13
Q

Which transcription factor does the renal vesicle then display a polarised expression of in presumptive distal nephron precursors

A

Brn1/Pou3f3

14
Q

Which proximal nephrons fates is notch2 signalling necessary for the specification of

A

Podocytes and the proximal tubule

15
Q

Which cells invade the proximal cleft of the S-shaped body

A

Angioblasts that later contribute to the glomerulus

16
Q

What happens at the distal portion of the S-shaped body

A

It fuses with the collecting duct

17
Q

What process does the ureteric bud undergo to form the millions of renal vesicles required to form the nephrons of the mature kidney and which genes are likely to play a role in this

A

Branching morphogenesis – under the unfluence of FGF, sprouty and BMPs

18
Q

Which structure induces the branching of the ureteric bud

A

Metanephric mesenchyme

19
Q

Hox7b is a gene normally expressed by the cells of the ureteric bud, as it is a transcription factor, what sort of experimental evidence proves this

A

Transgene created with GFP marker under the control of the Hox7b promoter