Flashcards in Module 1 Deck (58):
0
What does CNS stand for?
Central Nervous System
1
What does PNS stand for?
Peripheral Nervous System
2
What are the six parts of the central nervous system?
Cerebrum
Brain stem
Cerebellum
Spinal Cord
Diencephalon
Basal Ganglia
3
What two parts make up the diencephalon?
Thalamus
Hypothalamus
4
What two systems make up the peripheral nervous system?
Automatic
Somatic
5
What two systems make up the autonomic nervous system?
The parasympathetic
And sympathetic
6
In the cerebrum, what is the grey matter?
Cell memory
Sensation
Cell Bodies
Plan
Motor skills
7
In the cerebrum, what is the white matter?
Axons that send signals thought the body.
8
What is gyrus?
Dents of brain or bumps
9
What is sulcus?
The depth of the grooves
10
What is the main part of the brain?
Cerebrum
11
What four parts make up the cerebrum?
Frontal lobe
Parietal lobe
Occipital lobe
Temporal lobe
12
What does the frontal lobe control
Thought
Cognition
Habits
13
The frontal lobe is made up of what four areas?
Pre-motor cortex
Primary motor cortex
Pre-frontal association cortex
Broca's area
14
What does the pre-motor cortex do?
Motor planning
15
What does the primary motor cortex do?
Volitional movement (through middle of the brain)
16
What does the pre-frontal association cortex do?
Thought, cognition, emotion, decision making, problem solving
17
What does Broca's area do?
Expressive language
18
What makes up the parietal lobe?
The primary somatosensory cortex
19
What does the primary somatosensory cortex do?
Sensation
Proprioception
Kinesthesia
Perceptual awareness
Visual spatial awareness
20
What makes up the occipital lobe?
The primary visual cortex
Visual association cortex
21
What does the primary visual cortex do?
Vision
22
What does the visual association cortex do?
Higher order visual processing
23
What makes up the temporal lobe?
Primary auditory cortex
Wernicke's area
Hippocampus
24
What does the primary auditory cortex do?
Hearing
25
What does the Wernicke's area do?
Receptive language
26
What does the hippocampus do?
Memory
27
What makes up the brain stem?
Midbrain
Pons
Medulla
28
What makes up the midbrain?
Cranial nerves 1-4
Relay station for vision, motor control (substantia nigra)
29
What is another name for midbrain?
Mesencephalon
30
What are the first four cranial nerves?
Olfactory-smell
Optic-sight
Occulomotor-movement of eyes
Trochlear- movement of eyes
31
What makes up the pons?
Cranial nerves 5-8
Relay station for vision, motor control
32
What are cranial nerves 5-8?
Trigeminal-chewing
Abducens-abducts eyes/moves the eyes out
Facial-provides movement and sensation to the face
Acoustic- hearing
33
What makes up the medulla?
Cranial nerves 9-12
Heart rate, breathing, blood pressure
34
What are cranial nerves 9-12?
Glossopharyngeal-swallowing and tongue epiglottis
Vagus-autonomic nervous system
Accessory- sternocleidomastoid
Hypoglossal-helps with swallowing
35
What is the Latin definition of cerebellum?
Little brain
36
What makes up the cerebellum?
Spinocerebellum
Cerebrocerebellum
Vestibulocerebellum
37
What does the spinocerebellum do?
Coordinates muscle movement
38
What does the cerebrocerebellum do?
Coordinates motor planning
39
What does the vestibulocerebellum do?
Coordinates head and eye movement
40
If a stroke occurs in the cerebellum what is expected of the patient?
Ataxic movements
41
What makes up the spinal cord?
Dorsal column
Spinothalamic tract
Spinocerebellar tract
Corticospinal tract
42
What does the dorsal column-medial lemniscal system do?
Fine touch, conscious proprioception and light touch
43
What does the spinothalamic tract do?
Pain and temperature
44
What does the spinocerebellar tract do?
Unconscious proprioception
45
What does the corticospinal tract do?
Motor movements
46
What is the monosynaptic stretch reflex?
When the muscle is stretched the body reacts by firing the muscles to protect itself. It also deals with removing your hand from a hot surface.
47
What does the diencephalon do?
Coordinates how things move back and forth from conscious to unconscious thought.
48
What does the thalamus do?
Consciousness, alertness, sleep
49
What does the hypothalamus do?
Temperature, hunger, thirst, circadian rhythm (ability to know night and day and when to become sleepy)
50
What makes up the forebrain?
Cerebrum
Thalamus
Hypothalamus
51
What makes up the hindbrain?
Pons
Medulla oblongata
Cerebellum
52
What does the basal ganglia do?
Surrounds thalamus and initiates movement
53
What makes up the motor planning and programming of the basal ganglia?
Caudate nucleus and putamen (striatum)
Globes pallidus
Subthalamic
Substantia nigra
54
What does the somatic nervous system do?
Afferent and efferent volitional activities (sensation in and motor output)
55
Is the autonomic nervous system conscious or subconscious?
Subconscious
56
What is the sympathetic system?
Fight or flight response
57