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Flashcards in Module 1 Deck (58)
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0
Q

What does PNS stand for?

A

Peripheral Nervous System

1
Q

What does CNS stand for?

A

Central Nervous System

2
Q

What are the six parts of the central nervous system?

A
Cerebrum
Brain stem
Cerebellum
Spinal Cord
Diencephalon
Basal Ganglia
3
Q

What two parts make up the diencephalon?

A

Thalamus

Hypothalamus

4
Q

What two systems make up the peripheral nervous system?

A

Automatic

Somatic

5
Q

What two systems make up the autonomic nervous system?

A

The parasympathetic

And sympathetic

6
Q

In the cerebrum, what is the grey matter?

A
Cell memory
Sensation
Cell Bodies
Plan
Motor skills
7
Q

In the cerebrum, what is the white matter?

A

Axons that send signals thought the body.

8
Q

What is gyrus?

A

Dents of brain or bumps

9
Q

What is sulcus?

A

The depth of the grooves

10
Q

What is the main part of the brain?

A

Cerebrum

11
Q

What four parts make up the cerebrum?

A

Frontal lobe
Parietal lobe
Occipital lobe
Temporal lobe

12
Q

What does the frontal lobe control

A

Thought
Cognition
Habits

13
Q

The frontal lobe is made up of what four areas?

A

Pre-motor cortex
Primary motor cortex
Pre-frontal association cortex
Broca’s area

14
Q

What does the pre-motor cortex do?

A

Motor planning

15
Q

What does the primary motor cortex do?

A

Volitional movement (through middle of the brain)

16
Q

What does the pre-frontal association cortex do?

A

Thought, cognition, emotion, decision making, problem solving

17
Q

What does Broca’s area do?

A

Expressive language

18
Q

What makes up the parietal lobe?

A

The primary somatosensory cortex

19
Q

What does the primary somatosensory cortex do?

A
Sensation
Proprioception
Kinesthesia
Perceptual awareness
Visual spatial awareness
20
Q

What makes up the occipital lobe?

A

The primary visual cortex

Visual association cortex

21
Q

What does the primary visual cortex do?

A

Vision

22
Q

What does the visual association cortex do?

A

Higher order visual processing

23
Q

What makes up the temporal lobe?

A

Primary auditory cortex
Wernicke’s area
Hippocampus

24
Q

What does the primary auditory cortex do?

A

Hearing

25
Q

What does the Wernicke’s area do?

A

Receptive language

26
Q

What does the hippocampus do?

A

Memory

27
Q

What makes up the brain stem?

A

Midbrain
Pons
Medulla

28
Q

What makes up the midbrain?

A

Cranial nerves 1-4

Relay station for vision, motor control (substantia nigra)

29
Q

What is another name for midbrain?

A

Mesencephalon

30
Q

What are the first four cranial nerves?

A

Olfactory-smell
Optic-sight
Occulomotor-movement of eyes
Trochlear- movement of eyes

31
Q

What makes up the pons?

A

Cranial nerves 5-8

Relay station for vision, motor control

32
Q

What are cranial nerves 5-8?

A

Trigeminal-chewing
Abducens-abducts eyes/moves the eyes out
Facial-provides movement and sensation to the face
Acoustic- hearing

33
Q

What makes up the medulla?

A

Cranial nerves 9-12

Heart rate, breathing, blood pressure

34
Q

What are cranial nerves 9-12?

A

Glossopharyngeal-swallowing and tongue epiglottis
Vagus-autonomic nervous system
Accessory- sternocleidomastoid
Hypoglossal-helps with swallowing

35
Q

What is the Latin definition of cerebellum?

A

Little brain

36
Q

What makes up the cerebellum?

A

Spinocerebellum
Cerebrocerebellum
Vestibulocerebellum

37
Q

What does the spinocerebellum do?

A

Coordinates muscle movement

38
Q

What does the cerebrocerebellum do?

A

Coordinates motor planning

39
Q

What does the vestibulocerebellum do?

A

Coordinates head and eye movement

40
Q

If a stroke occurs in the cerebellum what is expected of the patient?

A

Ataxic movements

41
Q

What makes up the spinal cord?

A

Dorsal column
Spinothalamic tract
Spinocerebellar tract
Corticospinal tract

42
Q

What does the dorsal column-medial lemniscal system do?

A

Fine touch, conscious proprioception and light touch

43
Q

What does the spinothalamic tract do?

A

Pain and temperature

44
Q

What does the spinocerebellar tract do?

A

Unconscious proprioception

45
Q

What does the corticospinal tract do?

A

Motor movements

46
Q

What is the monosynaptic stretch reflex?

A

When the muscle is stretched the body reacts by firing the muscles to protect itself. It also deals with removing your hand from a hot surface.

47
Q

What does the diencephalon do?

A

Coordinates how things move back and forth from conscious to unconscious thought.

48
Q

What does the thalamus do?

A

Consciousness, alertness, sleep

49
Q

What does the hypothalamus do?

A

Temperature, hunger, thirst, circadian rhythm (ability to know night and day and when to become sleepy)

50
Q

What makes up the forebrain?

A

Cerebrum
Thalamus
Hypothalamus

51
Q

What makes up the hindbrain?

A

Pons
Medulla oblongata
Cerebellum

52
Q

What does the basal ganglia do?

A

Surrounds thalamus and initiates movement

53
Q

What makes up the motor planning and programming of the basal ganglia?

A

Caudate nucleus and putamen (striatum)
Globes pallidus
Subthalamic
Substantia nigra

54
Q

What does the somatic nervous system do?

A

Afferent and efferent volitional activities (sensation in and motor output)

55
Q

Is the autonomic nervous system conscious or subconscious?

A

Subconscious

56
Q

What is the sympathetic system?

A

Fight or flight response

57
Q

What is the parasympathetic system?

A

Body homeostasis or feed and breed
Temperature regulation
Adjusting to the environment