Occupational Development

Question 1

What are the microsystems for work?

Answer 1

• Occupational development
• Occupational role transitions
• Retirement

Question 2

Career Construction Theory

Answer 2

• Building a career is through your own actions; characteristics and social context influence
• Life Narrative
• Hollands Idea
  Personality type theory
  Pick career based on your traits and interests
• Social Cognition Career Theory
  You pick a career as a result of self-efficacy

Question 3

Career choice - Holland

Answer 3

• Investigative, social, realistic, artistic, conventional and enterprising
• Interpersonal settings and their associated lifestyles

Question 4

Career choice - Social Cognitive Career Theory

Answer 4

• Influenced by their own interests
• Self-efficacy, outcome expectations, interests and choice goals
• Used as a framework to help people identify and select occupations
• Believe to be successful is important

Question 5

What is a developmental coach and mentor?

Answer 5

Developmental Coach
- Support to focus goals, motivations and aspirations
- Achieve focus and to apply them appropriately
- People who already has experience
Mentor
- A person who helps the new guys in learning on-the-job, in their present role and help prepare for future career roles
- Avoid trouble

• Seen as investment, developing new talents
• Quality matters

Question 6

What are the common reasons for people to change their occupations?

Answer 6

• Job satisfaction
  Accumulation of experience, changing context, current stage of career development
• The amount of stress one is feeling
• Getting fired
• Of your own volition

Question 7

Who are more or less likely to change occupation?

Answer 7

• Alienation
• Burn out
• Passion for your job
  Valued activities
• Involuntary quitting your job; heightened stress, financial pressures, loss of self-esteem and possible changes in family relationships

Question 8

What are the two types of passion for work?

Answer 8

Obsessive
- You have to work, seen as a negative thing, makes it more difficult to invest in other activities
- Risk for conflict and burnout
Harmonious
- Being able to choose if you want to engage or not
- Linked to satisfaction

Question 9

Alienation

Answer 9

Their work feels meaningless and their effort are not recognized, abandoned from their bosses

Question 10

Burnout

Answer 10

A profound depletion of a persons energy and motivation, there is no positive reason to do work and feeling of being used
-Loss of control and/or not being value seem to be causes

Question 11

Why is burnout both a physical and psychological health risk?

Answer 11

• It has several effects on the brain
• Less ability to regulate negative emotions
• Weakened connection between amygdala, ACC and PFC
• Gives poor judgment and more emotional outbursts
• Risk for psychopathology (depression)
• Physical, emotional and mental exhaustion; affects self-esteem

Question 12

When is career change associated with psychological adjustment and when is it not?

Answer 12

• Loosing your job because of laid of is associated with negative well-being
• Changing your job as a result of your own action is associated with positive well being;
  Sense of control
  Not stressed by job-seeking

Question 13

What are some common stereotypes about older workers?

Answer 13

• Older people cant learn anything new
• Heterogeneity, retirement shouldn’t be about age
• Physical limitation and health limitations
• Technological incompetence
• Resistance to change

Question 14

What are reasons to keep older people at work?

Answer 14

• No childcare, less tardiness and absence
• Fewer accidents on the job
• Occupational expertise and institutional knowledge
• More satisfied with the work conditions, thus increases production
• Mentors for new employees
• Can learn new skills, it just takes longer
• Focus on their ability and desire to work

Question 15

What are some reasons to retire?

Answer 15

• National laws
  Being forced to go due to your age, taking your autonomy away
• Financial Needs
  Where do you live, can you afford to?
• Your own choice
• Health concerns

Question 16

What is crisp vs blurred retiring?

Answer 16

• Crisp: not working at all
• Blurred: continuing to work, but cutting it down
• Complex interaction
• What are the reasons for working? Enjoyment, necessity?
• Volunteer work

Question 17

What is important when adjusting to retirement?

Answer 17

Its a new situation with change of both roles and lifestyles
- Reasons to retire, free will or forced? Affect health
- Most control over the situation does the best in adjusting to retirement
- Social support matters
- Leisure activities to do

Question 18

How does leisure activities change throughout adulthood?

Answer 18

• Focuses on cognitive, emotional or physical involvement
• Tend to keep either similar interests or the same one (less intensity)
• Often more family-oriented activities

Question 19

What psychological effects does leisure have?

Answer 19

• Promotes well-being
• Enhances all aspect of life, if you maintain them
• Enjoyment and satisfaction predict well-being, not the intensity in engagement