Physics (MOD 2) - Chapter 1

Question 1

define acute radiodermatitis

Answer 1

radiation burns

Question 2

the cathode ray tube is-

Answer 2

a partial vacuum tube that produces an electron stream

Question 3

define ionizing radiation

Answer 3

radiation with sufficient energy to ionize atoms

Question 4

when was Dr. Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen born?

Answer 4

March 27, 1845

Question 5

what was Roentgen’s research?

Answer 5

x-light

Question 6

what does “x” in x-light mean?

Answer 6

representing the unknown

Question 7

what was the cardboard painted with during Roentgen’s research of the x-light?

Answer 7

barium platinocyanide

Question 8

when did Roentgen discover x-rays?

Answer 8

November 8, 1895

Question 9

when did Roentgen produce the first x-ray?

Answer 9

December 22, 1895

Question 10

what object did roentgen capture for his first image?

Answer 10

his wife’s hand

Question 11

roentgen completed his investigation and wrote-

Answer 11

the first of three communications (informal papers) on the subject

Question 12

what did physicians look for on patient’s when using x-rays?

Answer 12

• bullets
• kidney and gallbladder stones
• broken bones

Question 13

why was the cathode tube and generators inefficient at the time?

Answer 13

exposure times would range from 20/30 minutes up to 2 hours

Question 14

what was a result for the long exposure times?

Answer 14

acute radiodermatitis, also known as radiation burns

Question 15

why did Thomas Edison discontinue his investigation?

Answer 15

he suffered radiation burns to his face, and left eye

Question 16

who was Thomas Edison’s assistant?

Answer 16

Clarence Dally

Question 17

when did Clarence Dally died?

Answer 17

1904

Question 18

what was a result of Clarence Dally’s investigation?

Answer 18

developed severe radiation burns

Question 19

what was the only method of treatment for radiation burns?

Answer 19

amputations

Question 20

how were technicians and doctors who worked with radiation identified?

Answer 20

amputations and gloved hands

Question 21

what other ways were x-rays used?

Answer 21

entertainment

Question 22

other than physicians, who else took advantage of x-rays?

Answer 22

advertisers and manufacturers

Question 23

what are the three factors of the quantities pyramid?

Answer 23

• fundamental quantities
• derived quantities
• special/radiologic quantities

Question 24

what are part of the fundamental quantities?

Answer 24

• mass
• length
• time

Question 25

what are parts of the derived quantities?

Answer 25

- velocity - acceleration - force - momentum - work - power

Question 26

what are parts of the special/radiologic quantities?

Answer 26

- dose - dose equivalent - exposure - radioactivity

Question 27

what are the two systems of measure?

Answer 27

- British system - system international (SI) - metric system

Question 28

_____ is the quantity of matter contained in an object

Answer 28

mass

Question 29

______ is anything that occupies space, has shape or form, and has mass.

Answer 29

matter

Question 30

The ____ is actually a measure of the gravitational force exerted on a body, also known as weight.

Answer 30

pound

Question 31

what are the factors for the SI system?

Answer 31

- kilogram - meter - second

Question 32

what are the factors for the metric system?

Answer 32

- pound - foot - second

Question 33

______ is equal to distance traveled, divided by the time necessary to cover that distance. Measure of speed.

Answer 33

velocity

Question 34

what is the formula to find velocity?

Answer 34

v = d/t = m/s velocity = distance / time = meters per second

Question 35

what is the unit of measurement for velocity?

Answer 35

meters per second

Question 36

what is the constant velocity of x-rays?

Answer 36

- speed of light - 3 x 10 ^ 8 m/s

Question 37

_____ represents the changes in velocity

Answer 37

acceleration

Question 38

what is the formula to find acceleration?

Answer 38

a = (Vf - Vo) / t = m/s ^ 2 acceleration (final velocity - original velocity) / time

Question 39

what is the unit of measurement for acceleration?

Answer 39

meter per second squared

Question 40

_____ is a push, a pull, or other action that changes the motion of an object

Answer 40

force

Question 41

what is the formula to find force?

Answer 41

F = ma - N force = mass x acceleration = Newton

Question 42

what is the unit of measurement for Force?

Answer 42

Newton

Question 43

_______ is equal to the mass of the object multiplied by its velocity

Answer 43

momentum

Question 44

what is the formula to find momentum?

Answer 44

p = mv = kg-m/s momentum = mass x velocity = kilogram-meters per second

Question 45

what is the unit of measurement for momentum?

Answer 45

kilogram-meters per second

Question 46

______ is an expression of the force applied to an object multiplied by the distance across which it is applied.

Answer 46

work

Question 47

what is the formula to find work?

Answer 47

Work = Fd = J work = force x distance = Joule

Question 48

what is the unit of measurement for work?

Answer 48

joules

Question 49

_____ is equal to work divided by time during which work is done.

Answer 49

power

Question 50

what is the formula to find power?

Answer 50

P = work / t = W power = work / time = watts

Question 51

what is the unit of measurement for power?

Answer 51

watts

Question 52

______ is the property of an object with mass that resists a change in its state of motion

Answer 52

inertia

Question 53

what is Newton's first law?

Answer 53

- This law states that an object at rest will stay at rest unless acted on by an external force. - An object in motion will remain in motion at the same velocity and in the same direction unless acted on by an external force.

Question 54

_______ is simply the ability to do work. It has two states, which are referred to as potential energy and kinetic energy

Answer 54

energy

Question 55

_______ energy is energy in a stored state. It has the ability to do work by virtue of state or position.

Answer 55

potential

Question 56

________ energy is energy being expended. In other words, it is in the act of doing work.

Answer 56

kinetic

Question 57

what are the different forms of energy?

Answer 57

- electromagnetic - electrical - chemical - thermal

Question 58

__________ energy is a form of energy that exists as an electric and magnetic disturbance in space.

Answer 58

electromagnetic

Question 59

________ energy is a form that is created by the flow of electricity

Answer 59

electrical

Question 60

________ energy is a form that exists through chemical reactions

Answer 60

chemical

Question 61

_________ energy is a form of energy that exists because of atomic and molecular motion.

Answer 61

thermal

Question 62

what does ram mean?

Answer 62

radiation absorbed dose

Question 63

what does rem mean?

Answer 63

radiation equivalent man

Question 64

The _______ is a measure of the number of electrons liberated by ionization per kilogram of air.

Answer 64

coulomb/kilogram

Question 65

______ is the removal of electrons from atoms.

Answer 65

ionization

Question 66

The _______ is used to quantify radiation intensity

Answer 66

roentgen