Piliavin (methods)

Question 1

What was the research method?

Answer 1

• Feild experiment

Question 1

What was the aim of the study?

Answer 1

• To investigate bystander behaviour in a natural setting .
• To investigate the effect of 4 situational variables on helping behaviour.
  1. The types of victim
  1. The race of the victim
  1. The behaviour of a ‘model’
  1. The size of the group of bystanders

Question 2

Where did the experiment take place?

Answer 2

• New York City subway (between Harlem and the Bronx)

Question 3

When did the study take place?

Answer 3

• Weekdays (11am-3pm)

Question 4

How was data collected?

Answer 4

• Observation (female confederates observed the passengers and recorded the data during each trial)

Question 5

What was the experimetal design?

Answer 5

Independent Measures Design (different ppl were exposed to different models on their journey)

Question 6

What was the IV?

Answer 6

1. Type of victim (either drunk or ill)
2. Race of victim (either black or white)
3. The models behaviour (close o distant proximity/ helping early or late)
4. Bystander group size (naturally occuring)

Question 7

What was the Dependent varible?

Answer 7

• The level of (bystander helping) was operatioanlised as:
  1. Number/ speed/ race/ gender/ location of helpers
  2. Movement out of the critical area
  3. Comments made by passengers

Question 8

How much pptts were there?

Answer 8

4450

Question 9

Describe the sample

Answer 9

• 4450 ppts
• 55% white
• 45% black

Question 10

Type of sample

Answer 10

Opportunity (people using the NYC subway between Harlem and the Bronx on weekdays 11am-3pm)

Question 11

Mean average number of ppts in critical area? (where the incident took place).

Answer 11

8.5

Question 12

Mean average number of ppts in adjacent area? (the area next to where the incident took place)

Answer 12

43