Flashcards in points to learn Deck (132)
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1
what does GORD usually present with
hiatus hernia
2
what is the GS for hernia
BS
3
what is achalasia
abnormal relaxation of LOS
4
what is oesophageal carcinoma associated with
plummer vinson syndrome
5
what are oesopahgeal varices caused by
portal hypertension causes dilated collateral veins at the site of portosystemic anatomoses
6
what is the most common cause for portal hypertension
cirrhosis
7
what is the treatmetn for oesophageal varices
1. resus, antibiotics, terlipressin, early OGD + EVL
2. bleed stops = propranolol and banding
3. bleed continues = EVL or SB tube
4. bleed continues = TIPSS
8
what is a gastric lymphoma
derived from MALT and associated with B cell lymphomea
9
what are the symptoms of gastruc lymphoma
stomach pain, ulcers, >60, hpylori
10
what does GIST look like on histology
spindle cells
11
most common cause of PUD
h pylori
12
h pylori tests
urease breath test, faecal antigen test, serology IgG
13
GS for gastroparesis
oesophageal manometry
14
intestial failiure 1 causes
obstructin, surgical resection, congenital, malabsorption
15
intestinal failure 2 causes
sepsis, abdo surgery, coeliac, crohns, malignancy,short bowel syndrome
16
presentation of intestinal failure 2
abdo fistulae
17
causes of intestinal failure 3
short bowel syndrome
18
symptoms ofIBS
bloating, urgency, tenesmus, mucus, worrsening after food
19
tests for IBS
lower GI endoscopy if <50
20
treatment for IBS
stop opiates and analgesia
loperamide
laxaiev
mebervine - anti spasmodic
amitryptiline - anti depressant
21
genes for coeliac disease
HLA DQ2 and DQ8
22
causes of coeliac
childhood diabetes, herpetitis formis
23
what happens if coeliac patients stops responding to gluten free diet
t celll lymphoma
24
pathophysiolgy of coeliac
mediated by t cells wihch exist in IELs, IEL ediated change leads to increasing loss of enterocytes wihch line intestines
25
tests for coeliac
biopsy
IgA anti TTA
26
what is the cause of mesenteric ischaeima
embolus from AF blocking SMA
27
symtpoms of acute mesenteric ishccaeimi
gassless abdomen and cramping pain
28
tests of mesenteric ishcamei
metabolic acidosiss,
CXR = bowel wall thickening
29
complications of mesenetic ischamei
repurfusion injury - causes inflammation
30
