Pre industrial Britain

Question 1

Define the class system using the term “Feudal system” in Pre industrial Britain during 1780

Answer 1

The Feudal system refers to the ownership of wealth and land. This dictated one’s status as it determined whether one was Lower or Upper class

Question 2

Name a sport that the Upper class and Lower class played in 1780

Answer 2

Upper Class- Real tennis

Lower Class- Mob Football

Question 3

What term can you use to recall the characteristics of popular and rational recreation? Also, what does each letter stand for?

*Remember to apply them correctly! E.g Local for the lower class meant they could not travel, this is the oppoiste for the upper class

Answer 3

LUCI CROWS

Local

Unwritten rules

Cruel

Irregular

Class

Rural

Occupational

Wagering

Simple

Question 4

Compare the characterisitcs of pre-industrial games of mob football and real tennis [8 marks].

Answer 4

*When comparing you need to clarify the similarities and differences between two things. Also, examples always strengthen your answer!

Mob Football

• Local as communication and transport was limited
• Unwritten rules as the lower class could not read
• Cruel and violent as peasants had low moral standards
• Irregualar as the lower class worked long hours
• Played rurally as peasants lived in the countryside
• Occupational as work became the basis of sport
• The upper class occasionaly wagered on Mob football
• Equipment and facililities were very basic
• Male dominated

Real tennis

• Was not exclusively played locally as the upper class could afford to travel small distances
• Rules were established and complex as the Upper class could read
• Real tennis had moral values and was not violent
• Real tennis was regular as the Upper class had free time
• Male dominated, but women could play as long as they did not physically exert themselves
• Played on courts as the Upper class had the facilities
• Equipment was specialised as the Upper class could afford it

*Accept other points from LUCI CROWS if they’re explained

Question 5

Explain how the two-tier class system influenced the nature of sporting recreation in pre-industrial society. [4 marks]

Answer 5

*Explain= Define –> Say why & or how –> Examples

Definition= The class system determined one’s status and consisted of the upper and lower class. The class system determined what activity one could play. [1]

• The upper class played Real tennis because ……. (any reason from LUCI CROWS) [1]
• The Lower class played Mob football because …… (any reason from LUCI CROWS) [1]
• A crucial difference between the classes was the upper class could make wagers on the lower class, because they had the money to do so. [1]

*Accept any other point from LUCI CROWS if it’s explained

Question 6

Explain how social and cultural factors influenced the characteristics of popular recreation in pre-industrial (pre-1780) Britain. [4 marks]

Answer 6

Award one mark for each of the following points (max 4 marks):

• Limited transport or communications - local
• Illiteracy / uneducated - uncodified / simple rules / limited organisation
• Reflection of life and times / harsh society - cruel / violent
• Seasonal time / free time on Holy Days or annual holidays - occasional / festival
• Before industrial revolution / before migration to towns / population - centred on village or county town life / rural
• Two class society / feudal system - courtly and popular / upper / gentry class activities and lower or peasant class activities

*Accept any other explained point from LUCI CROWS

Question 7

Describe the ways in which real tennis was different from most other popular recreations. [4 marks]

Answer 7

Award one mark for each of the following points (max 4 marks):

• Courtly / played by upper class / gentry
• Written / complex rules / organised
• Not cruel / violent / had etiquette / cultured / skilful
• Played often / regularly
• Purpose built facilities / equipment
• Not local / transport available / travel

[4]

Question 8

What type of people participated in Popular recreation?

What type of people participated in Rational recreation?

Answer 8

Popular recreation= Lower class

Rational recreation= Upper class

Question 9

Real tennis was played in pre-industrial Britain (pre-1780).

Identify three characteristics of real tennis.

Answer 9

•    Played by the upper classes / civilised (1)
•    Complex rules / strategy / skilful (1)
•    Specialised kit and equipment / facilities (1)
•    Played by men (1)
•    High moral code (1).

Accept first three answers only.

Accept other relevant characteristics of real tennis.

Max 3 marks