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Flashcards in Small bowel disorders Deck (11)
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1
Q

What are the surgical indications for Crohn’s disease?

A
Failure of medical treatment
Complications
Failure to grow in children despite medical treatment
Perianal sepsis
Cancer
2
Q

Name 3 complications of Crohn’s disease

A
Obstruction
Perforation
Abscess
Enterocutaneous fistula
Toxic dilatation
3
Q

Define adhesions

A

Fibrous bands that form between tissues and organs, often as a result of surgery.

4
Q

Besides surgery, name 2 other causes of adhesions

A

Trauma

Intra-abdominal infection (e.g. salpingitis, appendicitis)

5
Q

What is the correlation between surgical history and adhesions?

A

Greater magnitude of surgery may cause more adhesions, but not always.

Adhesions can appear many years after a surgical procedure.

6
Q

Compare the incidence of small bowel cancers to colorectal cancers

A

Small bowel cancers: 1,500 a year in UK

Colorectal cancers: 41,300 a year in UK

7
Q

Where are the majority of small bowel cancers located?

A

Duodenum

8
Q

Name 3 risk factors for small bowel cancer

A

Age - average age of diagnosis is 66yr
Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP)
Lynch syndrome (HNPPC)
Peutz Jeghers syndrome
Crohn’s disease - 2% develop small bowel cancer
Coeliac disease?
Diet rich in red meat or smoked foods, or high fat diet

9
Q

What are the 2 commonest types of small bowel cancer?

A
Adenocarcinomas (40%) - duodenum
Carcinoid tumours (40%) - appendix or ileum

Lymphomas (10%) - jejunum

10
Q

How does small bowel cancer present?

A
Abdominal pain
Weight loss
NaV
Diarrhoea
Fatigue/anaemia
11
Q

Outline the general management options of small bowel cancers

A

Surgery
Radiotherapy
Chemotherapy
Biological therapies