upper/lower limb

Question 1

tell me about the theory about high concentrate diets causing laminitis + claw horn lesions

Answer 1

there is correlation, but NOT CAUSATION. this is an old theory

the new theory is that BCS loss –> fat mobilization from digital cushion –> thinning of digital cushion –> poorer shock dissipation during foot-strike –> lesions –> lower BCS (and the cycle continues)

Question 2

tell me the C/S and cause of radial nerve neuropathy.

Answer 2

• forelimb flexed, dorsal surface of hood scuffs ground
• trauma or excessive traction of calf

Question 3

tell me the C/S and cause of supra scapular nerve neuropathy.

Answer 3

• weakness of shoulder, non-specific lameness
• trauma from head gate

Question 4

tell me the C/S and cause of brachial plexus nerve neuropathy.

Answer 4

• limb flaccid
• trauma

Question 5

tell me the C/S and cause of obturator nerve neuropathy.

Answer 5

• hindlimb abducted
• calving paralysis (mom)

Question 6

tell me the C/S and cause of femoral nerve neuropathy.

Answer 6

• non-weight bearing hindlimb, stifle flexed, if both then dog-sitting posture
• calf injured during calving

Question 7

tell me the C/S and cause of sciatic nerve neuropathy.

Answer 7

• dropped hocks, knuckling of fetlock, can be non-weight bearing on hindlimb
• IM injection, calving paralysis (mom)

Question 8

tell me the C/S and cause of tibial nerve neuropathy.

Answer 8

rare!

• hocked dropped, digits flexed (looks like sciatic, but less common
• trauma to gastroc

Question 9

tell me the C/S and cause of peroneal nerve neuropathy.

Answer 9

• knuckling, fetlock flexed, hock extended
• prolonged recumbency

Question 10

how do you tx peripheral nerve damage?

Answer 10

NSAIDs, appropriate bedding/non-slip surface, ensure access to feed/water, monitor for welfare, euth if no response

Question 11

what are the ddx for a downer cow

Answer 11

3 M’s!!

metabolic, metritis/mastitis, MSK

Question 12

what is a downer cow?

Answer 12

has primary cause (3Ms) and has been down for 24 hours