Flashcards in 12.1 - Drugs used in Psychiatric Diseases Deck (21):
1
What are the 3 core symptoms of depression and associated symptoms?
Core - anhedonia (lacking pleasure from things), decreased energy, low mood
Associated - Loss of conc, decreased apetite, sleep disturbance, irritability
2
What are the 2 theories behind the development of depression?
1) Monoamine neurotransmittters are deficient
2) Monoamine receptors are deficient
3
What are the 4 classes of antidepressants?
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), TCAs, Serotonin-noradrnaline reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), Monoamine oxidase inhibitors
4
Why are MAOIs rarely used?
Serious ADRs and DDIs
5
give 2 examples SSRI drugs
Citalopram, Fluoxetine
6
Give SSRI ADRs
SSRI
Serotonin syndrome, Stimulate CNS, reproductive dysfunction in males, Insomnia
7
Give the MoA of TCAs
Block reuptake of serotonin and noradrenaline at presynaptic membrane
8
Give 2 examples of TCAs
imipramine, lofepramine
9
Give ADRs of TCAs
TCA'S
Thrombocytopenia, Cardiac (arrhythmia, MI, Stroke), Anticholinergic (tachy, urinary retention etc), seizures
10
Give an example SNRIs
Venlafaxine
11
Give the positive symptoms of schizophrenia
hallucinations, disturbances of thinking, delusions, behavioural change
12
Give the negative symptoms of schizophrenia
Social withdrawal, apathy, anhedonia
13
Give the cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia
selective attention, poor memory, reduced astract thought
14
What is the main theory behind development of schizophrenia?
Too much dopamine being released
15
How do typical anti-psychotics work in schizophrenia? Name 2 examples
D2 antagonists.
examples - haloperidal, chloropromazine
16
How do atypical anti-psychotics work in schizophrenia? Give 4 example drugs. Why are they preferred?
D2 antagonists
examples - risperidone, olanzipine, clozapine, quetiapine
preferred due to less ADRs
17
Give the ADRs of antipsychotics
Weight gain (esp olanzipine), hyperprolactinemia, extra-pyramidal side effects, cardiac toxicity
18
Define anxiety
Fear out of proportion of the situation so that individuals undergo avoidance or physical symptoms e.g. light headedness, SOB
19
How do you treat anxiety disorders? What is their MoA? How would you treat an overdose? ADRs?
Benzodiazepines
MoA - Act on GABARs to enhance effect
ADRs - dependence, drowsiness, dizziness
Overdose treated with flumazenil - BZD antagonist
20
Define bipolar disorder
episodes of mania and dperession with poor concentration, sleep, rapid speech, poor judgement
21