Natural products and vitamins

Question 1

which natural agents can increase the risk of bleeding?

Answer 1

gingko biloba
vitamin E
high doses of fish oils
garlic 
glucosamine
graperfruit
etc

Question 2

why does saint john’s wort cause many DDIs?

Answer 2

inducer of CYP3A4
and CYP 2c9
and cyp 1A

Question 3

which herbal supplements are hepatotoxic?

Answer 3

chaparral
comfrey
kava

Question 4

natural products used for sleep

Answer 4

melatonin
chamomile tea
st. johns wort (if due to depression)
kava (but damages the liver)

Question 5

natural products used for ADHD

Answer 5

fish oil supplements +/- primrose oil may be helpful in some patients

Question 6

natural products used for cholesterol

Answer 6

fish oils
red yeast rice
pant sterols/stanols

Question 7

natural products used for depression

Answer 7

St. johns wort
fish oils 
5htp
tryptophan
glutamine
SAMe

Question 8

natural products used for colds/ flu

Answer 8

echinaceal
garlic 
zinc  (caustion loos of smell w/ spray)
vitamin C
elderberry

Question 9

natural products used for dementia

Answer 9

ginkgo
vitamin E
acety L carnitine
hyperzine A

Question 10

natural products used for diabetes

Answer 10

bitter melon
gymnema, cinnamon, chromium
greet tea
alpha lipoic acid

Question 11

natural products used for energy or weight loss

Answer 11

guarana (caution: caffeine !)
bitter orange(caution CVD risk)

Question 12

natural products used for UTI

Answer 12

cranberry

caution cranberry supplements : kidney stones

Question 13

how far apart should you space out pro biotics and antibiotics?

Answer 13

2 hours

Question 14

natural products used for heart health /HF

Answer 14

coenzyme q 10
arginine (avoid w/ BP meds= DDI dec BP)
garlic: mild dec in bp
hawthorne (caution : additive w/ other BP meds

Question 15

what vitamins are recommended for the general population?

Answer 15

mostly none except vitamine d

Question 16

what vitamins are recommended for pregnant women?

Answer 16

folic acide and thiamine (vitamin B1 )

Question 17

what deficiency can metformin lead to ?

Answer 17

vitamin B12

Question 18

what common deficincy do alcoholics have?

Answer 18

vitamine b1 - can get wernickes encephalopathy

Question 19

what are sx of wernicke’s encephalopathy

Answer 19

ataxia
tremor
vision changes

Question 20

how much calcium is recommended for people >50 yo for calcium daily

Answer 20

1200mg (600mg po BID)

Question 21

recommended daily dose of vitamin D

Answer 21

up to aget 70 600 Iu daily

after that 800 IU daily

Question 22

what is the preferred form of vitamin D

Answer 22

D3 not D2.. but D2 can be used

Question 23

how much folic acid should a pregnant women or someone who want to have a baby take?

Answer 23

400-800mcg/day at least 1 month fore pregnancy and coitnue for the first 2-3 months

Question 24

what is the maximum vitamin E a person should not exceed

Answer 24

150 IU daily because it puts them at risk for CVD disease

Question 25

which babies require vitamin D supplemenation?

Answer 25

exclusively breastfed or drinking less han 1L of baby formula
give 400IU daily (poly-vi-sol)

Question 26

which babies require iron supplementation?

Answer 26

breast fed babies need 1mg/kg/day from 4-6 months old until they start eating iron rich foods

Question 27

what is lycopene used for?

Answer 27

prostate cancer prevention

Question 28

what is saw palmetto used for?

Answer 28

prostate enlargement

Question 29

what is melatonin used for?

Answer 29

sleep

jet lag

Question 30

what are some agents for anxiety?

Answer 30

chamomile Tea
lemon balm
valerian

Question 31

what is used for canker sores?

Answer 31

lysine

Question 32

how much plant sterols/stanols are recommended by ATP III?

Answer 32

2 grams daily

Question 33

what is SAMe used for?

Answer 33

depression

osteoarthritis