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Board Review > AllergicRhinitisFC > Flashcards

AllergicRhinitisFC Flashcards

1
Q

What is the most effective class in controlling symptoms of allergic rhinitis?

A

intranasal corticosteroids

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2
Q

what is the doc for moderate to sever allergic rhinitis? What if it is more moderate?

A

mild to moderate: oral antihistamines, if more mod-sever use intranasal corticosteroids

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3
Q

fluticasone - intranasal name and asthma name?

A

nasal = Flonase and Veramyst
asthma = Flovent

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4
Q

Triamcinolone for intranasal brand name?

A

nasacort

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5
Q

Budesonide - intranasal and asthma name?

A

nasal - Rhinocort
asthma - Pulmicort

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6
Q

dose of pormethazine for alleric rhinitis?

A

12.5 to 25mg po q 4-6 h prn max 100mg/day

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7
Q

Flunisolide - brand

A

Nasarel

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8
Q

Mometasone - nasal and asthma name

A

nasal - nasonex
asthma - Asmanex

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9
Q

benadryl

A

diphenhyramine

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10
Q

What are the first generation anti-histamines?

A

chlorpheniramine, bropheniramin (mod sedation)
diphenhydramine, doxylamine promethazine (most sedating)

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11
Q

What is dosing for diphenhydramine for allergic rhinitis ? Max dose?

A

25-50 mg Q4-6H (max 300 mg/day)

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12
Q

What are some side effects of 1st generation antihistamine?

A

sedation, anticholinergic effects, consitpation, urinary retention

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13
Q

What are the second generation antihistamines?

A

cetirizine, desloratadine, fexofenadine, levocetirizine, loratadine

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14
Q

cetirizine - Brand and dosing

A

Zyrtec 5-10 mg daily

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15
Q

benefits of zyrtec and zyzal/disadvantages

A

zyrtec and zyzal(levocetirizine) work FASTER than other 2nd gen onset w/in 1 hr but also makes u more sleepy. Ceterizine day time and zyzal only at night taken.

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16
Q

Astelin, astepro generic, MOA

A

azelastine , intranasal antihistamine

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17
Q

desloratadine - Brand and dosing

A

Clarinex - 5 mg daily

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18
Q

fexofenadine - Brand and dosing

A

Allegra - 60 mg BID or 180 mg/day

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19
Q

levocetirizine - brand and dosing

A

Xyzal - 5 mg QHS

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20
Q

Loratadine - Brand and dosing

A

Claritin - 10 mg daily or 5 mg q12h

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21
Q

What is the MOA of decongestants?

A

alpha adrenergic agonists that cause nasal vasoconstriction

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22
Q

What pts should avoid decongestants?

A

HTN, cardiovascular condition, glaucoma, hyperthyroidism, diabetes, prostate enlargement,

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23
Q

How can you tell if a product contains a decongestant?

A

if it has a D after the name - Mucinex D

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24
Q

Sudafed dosing, generici and max

A

pseudoephedrine 30 mg 1-2 tablets Q12H
max is 3.6 mg or 9g in 30 days

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25
Q

sudafed PE dosing, generic and max

A

phenylephirne HDL, 10mg q 4h prn max 60mg per day

26
Q

what are some common topical decongestants?

A

neo-synephrine (phenylephrine), oxymetazoline (Afrin), xylometazone (Otrivin)

27
Q

what is the benefit of oxymetazoline?

A

generally causes less side effects than phenylephrine and lasts 12 hours

28
Q

what makes a flu diff from a cold

A

boyd aches and extreme tiredness
-generally flu causes fever
-cough in cold is not as bad as the flu
-colds have more nasal symptoms

29
Q

What is the problem with topical decongestants?

A

If used longer than 3 days, they can worsen congestion

30
Q

Delsym

A

dextromethorphan

31
Q

How can you tell if a product contains dextromethorphan?

A

usually will contian DM added to the name

32
Q

what is the concentration of childrens APAP?

A

160 mg/5ml

33
Q

what is concentration of ibuprofen infant drops?

A

50 mg/1.25 ml

34
Q

wha is concentration of infants APAP?

A

80 mg/0.8 ml

35
Q

what is the concentration of childrens ibuprofen?

A

100 mg/5ml

36
Q

inhaled antibiotics are often used to treat which infection in CF?

A

pseudomonas

37
Q

what are common side effects of inhaled Tobramycin?

A

ototoxicity, tinnitus, dizziness, bronchospasm

38
Q

psuedophed max dose

A

maximum of 3.6 grams or 120 of the 30 mg tablets, and 9 grams (300 tablets) in a 30-d period.)

39
Q

triamcinolone for allergies

A

nasacort AQ
FDA says dont use otc cough and cold products for children under age of 4

40
Q

lil kids use for cold/cough

A

nasal irrigation, nasap spray, non med stuff.
vicks and vapor rub not for kids
promethazine w/ codeine not for kids younger than 6
FDA no products for younger than 2 (b/c ingestion) do not appy to noase esspecialy.

41
Q

intransal cromolyn

A

nasal crom- takes 4-7 days tosee sxs relief. up to 2 weeks for max effects. (consider for young children and pregnancy)

42
Q

intranasal ipratropium bromide

A

only for rhinorrhea.

43
Q

singular dosing

A

10 mg daily for 15 and up
6-14: 5 mg chewable tablets
2-5: 4 mg chewable tablets.
6 months to 5 years: 4 mg oral granules.

44
Q

influenza vs cold

A

influenza has body aches

45
Q

promethazine w/ codeine is not for kids younger than?

A

6 years old

46
Q

what is the main problem in cystic fibrosis?

A

problem w/ a gene tha regulates movemnt of chloride ans soduium ions across epithelials membraes and mutations

47
Q

what are the three most common infections that CF patients can get/

A

S.A , HI, PSEUDOMONAS

48
Q

if a patient is taking PPX abx and a brochodilator or mucyolytic, when should he takes the abx?

A

after the bronchdilator or mucyolitic, not before !!

49
Q

what two abx used for ppx for CF pts? What does it prevent?

A

tobramycin INHALED SOLUTION (>= 6 yo) and aztreonam INHALED SOLUTIOn if >= 7 years old if pt is colonized with pseudomonas in the lungs

50
Q

SE tobramycin

A

ototoxicity, tinnitus, dizziness, bronchospasm

51
Q

what broncho dilator to use for CF/

A

albuterol 2-4 x /day prn

52
Q

hypersal

A

hypertonic sailine

53
Q

mucomyst

A

acetylcysteine

54
Q

pulmozyme

A

dornase alfa

55
Q

most common SE of pulmozyme

A

chest pain, fever, rash, rhinitis, laryngitis, voice alteration, throat irration

56
Q

dose of pulmozym

A

2.5 mg daily, STORE INF refrigerantor

57
Q

order of meds for CF pateitns

A

broncho dilator first, then chest physiotherpay, then other hinaled medications, then antibiotics

58
Q

what is the MOA of pancrealipase?

A

acts as amylase, lipase and protease

59
Q

when should pt take pancrealipase?

A

before any meals or snacks , full dose w/ meals, 50% dose w/ sakcks , more fat= higher dose

60
Q

do you ned to refrigeralte pancrealipase?

A

NO

61
Q

what kinds of foods must pts on pacnrealipase avoid?

A

products w/t a hih ph like dairy

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