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Flashcards in 3.1 Deck (17)
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1
Q

What is disorder of sexual development (DSD)?

A

Infants with a congenital discrepancy between external genitalia, gonadal, and chromosomal sex are classified as having a disorder of sex development

2
Q

When do bipotential gonads start to form in fetal development?

A

7 weeks

3
Q

What gene on the Y chromosome makes balls?

A

SRY gene

4
Q

What is the role of Steroidgenic factor 1?

A

a transcription factor with a role in steroidgenesis, fertility, and male sexual differentiation

5
Q

What is the role of DAX-1?

A

upregulated in the ovary; it functions as an anti-testis factor in the ovary

6
Q

What is the role of WT-1?

A

a transcription factor involved in both gonadal and renal development

7
Q

What is the role of WNT-4 in the female?

A

Wnt-4 gene suppresses male sexual differentiation and ovarian androgen production

8
Q

What substance produced by sertoli cells in the male inhibits Mullerian duct formation?

A

Mullerian inhibiting substance (MIS)

9
Q

Which cells produce testosterone?

A

Leydig cells

10
Q

What is the role of testosterone in male development?

A

Wolffian duct and promotes the development of epididymis, vas deferens, and seminal vesicle

11
Q

In the female, what does the Mullerian duct make?

A

oviduct, uterus, cervix, and upper vagina

12
Q

When do the external genetalia form?

A

9th week

13
Q

What hormone makes external genitalia in the male?

A

DHT

14
Q

Decreased penile length may indicate the decreased exposure of what hormone in 2nd or 3rd trimester?

A

testosterone

15
Q

What may persist in the males during development and lead to anorchia (no nuts)?

A

Mullerian duct

16
Q

What is hypospadias?

A

Single opening at the base of the phallus results in an incompletely fused penile urethra

17
Q

What might cause clitoromegaly in females?

A

androgen exposure in a 46 XX infant, hyperplasia, or tumor of the clitoris