Oral Esophageal Pathology Flashcards

1
Q

What diseases are apthous ulcers associated with?

A

Celiac and IBS

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2
Q

What is a pygoenic granuloma?

A

red lesion of the gingiva- reactive proliferation of capillaries.

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3
Q

What are the 3 signs of Plummer Vincent syndrome?

A

glossitis, iron deficient anemia and esophageal dysphagia

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4
Q

What is a fibroma?

A

proliferation -squamous mucosa and underlying subepithelial tissue - chronic irritation.

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5
Q

In what disorder would you see beefy red tongue, papilarry atrophy and thinning of the mucosa?

A

Glossitis

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6
Q

What is the cause of geographic tongue?

A

Loss of papillae due to neutrophilic inflammation.

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7
Q

What are Fordyces granules?

A

Heterotropic collection of sebeacous glands in the oral cavity.

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8
Q

This oral disease is a proliferation of oral squama in reaction to oral irritation or HPV and can transition to SCC

A

Squamous papilloma

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9
Q

If you see hairy leukoplakia what do you think?

A

First gross. Then do the fluffy patches wipe off? If not probably EBV in an HIV pt.

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10
Q

Clinical significance of leukoplakia?

A

Precancerous and 5-20% exhibits squamous dysplasia.

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11
Q

What type of precancerous lesion has flat red velvety patches?

A

Erythroplakia

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12
Q

What is actinic cheilitis?

A

a form of actinic keratoses on the lip, can be scaly. from sun exposure

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13
Q

Key risk factors for mouth, laryngeal, pharyngeal SCC vs. nasopharygal SCC?

A

Mouth and others - smoking, HPV, alcohol

Nasopharyngeal - EBV

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14
Q

Why is an inverted sinonasal papiloma more likely to reocurr than other papillomas?

A

Because of its inverted growth pattern.

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15
Q

What is the most common site of metastasis for oral cavity and pharyngeal SCC?

A

Cervical lymph node.

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16
Q

Define xerostomia

A

Decreased saliva production

medications, Sjogren’s and radiaton

17
Q

Define sialadenitsis

A

Inflammation of the salivary gland. Caused by trauma, infection, autoimmune, sialothialis.

18
Q

Define lymphoepithelialiocyoadenitis? (Mikulicz disease) common cause?

A

Polyclonal lymph inflammation and gland enlargement, most common cause is autoimmune, Sjogrens. rule out B-cell MALT lymphoma

19
Q

Describe cause and appearance of mucocele?

A

leakage of minor salivary glands into surrounding tissue caused by blockage or traumatic injury.
Fluid filled nodule.

20
Q

Describe pleomorphic adenoma

A

Most common parotid tumor.
epithelial (ductal and myo) and mesenchymal matrix of mixoid hyaline and choindroid.
all kinds of fingers.

21
Q

Describe appearance of a Warthin tumor

A

well encapsulated papillary cystic lesion with 2 layers of bland neoplastic eosinophilic epithelium with reactive lymphoid stroma. parotid gland only

22
Q

Describe the appearance and clinical features of mucoepidermoid carcinoma.

A

Mix of squamous and mucus secreting intermediate cells s. Most common salivary gland malignancy.
Usually parotid gland

23
Q

Describe appearence and clinical of adenoid cystic carcinoma.

A

common - minor salivary. Slow growing, invades neural tissue.
spread to lungs, bones, liver, brain long after resection. Survival rates half every 5 years.

24
Q

What are the most common benign and malignant salivary gland tumors?

A

benign- pleomorphic adenoma

malignant- mucoepidermoid carcinoma

25
Q

What is the difference between an esophageal mucosal web and a schatzi ring?

A

esophageal mucosal web- upper esophagus mucosal protrusions

schatzi ring- thicker, has muscular propria, circumferential in lower esophagus

26
Q

Drinking like a fool and retching all night causes lacerations where?

A

lacerations of distal esophagus and proximal stomache- Mallory Weiss syndrome, or Booerhaave

27
Q

What are the symptoms of Zenker’s diverticulum?

A

painful swallowing and regurgitation caused by food built up in pharyngeal pouch

28
Q

Congratulations, you have a hiatal hernia! How did this happen and what type do you likely have?

A

could have been congenital but likely acquired, most common type is sliding

29
Q

Your patient has AIDS and infectious esophagitis. What are the most likely microbes to have caused the infection?

A

Candida, Herpes, CMV

30
Q

Tell me everything you know about eosinophilic esophagitis, Go!

A

allergic rxn to food allergens
get food impaction, dysphagia, GERD that just won’t quit, kids- feeding disorders/vomiting
eosinophilic inflammation w/ basophilic hyperplasia

31
Q

Describe the dysplasia seen in Barrett’s esophagus

A

normal squamous mucosa turns to non-ciliated simple columnar, major SE = adenocarcinoma

32
Q

Name the most common benign mesenchymal tumor of the esophagus

A

leiomyoma

33
Q

this benign neopasm is assocated with HPV

A

squamous papilloma

34
Q

What are some causes of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma?

A

smoking, alcohol, achlasia, plummer vinson, hot beverages, HPV