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College of the Mainland Class Notes > A&P 2 L3 > Flashcards

A&P 2 L3 Flashcards

0
Q

Approximately how big is the heart

A

The size of your fist

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1
Q

What is the main function of the cardiovascular system?

A

Get oxygen to the cell level

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2
Q

Opening between the atrium & ventricle

A

Atrioventricular orrifices

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3
Q

Tip of the bottom of the heart

A

Apex

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4
Q

Separates heart into the right & left sides; keeps blood from mixing; a complete separation from oxygen rich & oxygen poor blood

A

Septum

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5
Q

What does a hole in the septum result in

A

Mixing of the O2 rich blood & O2 poor blood

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6
Q

What are the 2 major valves within the chambers in the heart

A

Tricuspid valve & bicuspid valve

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7
Q

Opens & closes to allow blood into right atrium & right ventricle; regulates blood flow

A

Tricuspid valve

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8
Q

Opens & closes to allow blood flow from left atrium & left ventricle; regulates the passage of blood

A

Bicuspid valve

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9
Q

What are all the valves controlled by that makes it opens & closes

A

Pressure changes

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10
Q

What carries the blood to the heart

A

Veins

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11
Q

What carries blood Away from the heart

A

Arteries

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12
Q

On what side is oxygen poor blood; low pressure; blood returns to heart after cells

A

Right side

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13
Q

On what side is oxygen rich blood; high pressure

A

Left side

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14
Q

Why are the ventricles 3xs bigger than atriums

A

Because their walls are thicker

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15
Q

Where is the heart located

A

Bordered laterally by the lungs; lays slightly left of thoracic cavity (left lung)

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16
Q

What are the 5 major groups of high animals

A

Fish; reptiles; amphibians; birds; mammals

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17
Q

Groove between ventricles; runs on top of septum

A

Interventricular sulcus

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18
Q

Groove between each atrium & the associated ventricle

A

Atrioventricular sulcus

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19
Q

Bring blood from head to the heart

A

Superior vena cava

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20
Q

Bring blood from feet to heart

A

Inferior vena cava

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21
Q

Located in the heart itself; feeds heart; stores its used blood

A

Coronary sinus

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22
Q

Extensions from the papillary muscles to the tricuspid valve to help them open & close

A

Chordae tendenae

23
Q

Smooth muscles that forms extensions

A

Papillary muscles

24
Q

Base of the pulmonary trunk; looks like 2 half moons; regulate blood flow between right ventricle & pulmonary trunk

A

Pulmonary semilunar valve

25
Q

Carries deoxygenated blood to 2 arteries into the left & right lungs

A

Pulmonary trunk

26
Q

Sends blood from lungs to heart; carries oxygenated rich blood

A

Pulmonary veins

27
Q

How many pulmonary veins are there in the left atrium

A

4

28
Q

Pulmonary trunk is blue because it carries

A

deoxygenated poor blood

29
Q

Pulmonary veins are red because it carries

A

Oxygenated rich blood

30
Q

Rich blood is also known as

A

Oxygenated blood

31
Q

Poor blood is also known as

A

Deoxygenated blood

32
Q

What valve is at the base of the aorta; between left ventricle & aorta

A

Aortic valve

33
Q

Thickest artery in the heart; expandable; sends O2 rich blood to all parts of the body

A

Aorta

34
Q

What pumps blood

A

Chambers (atriums & ventricles)

35
Q

What can receive blood

A

Vessels & chambers

36
Q

What muscle pumps blood

A

Cardiac blood

37
Q

Regulates the blood through the passageways only; cannot pump blood

A

Valves

38
Q

How are anastomoses formed

A

Exercise

39
Q

Extensions of a coronary artery; that is an alternative pathways for blood

A

Anastomoses

40
Q

What is the pathway of blood

A 
RA- superior & inferior vena cava; coronary sinus
Tricuspid Valve
RV
Pulmonary semilunar valve
Pulmonary trunk (O2 poor)
Left/right lung
"4" pulmonary veins (O2 rich)
LA
Bicuspid Valve
LV
Aortic semilunar valve 
Aorta
Body
41
Q

What is the pathway of the coronary circuit

A 
Coronary arteries (Gives heart O2 rich/nutrients)
Coronary Veins (O2 poor blood)
Coronary Sinus (empties in RA)
42
Q

What are the 2 major circulatory pathways

A

Pulmonary circuit & systemic

43
Q

What is the pathways of the pulmonary circuit

A

RV (heart)
Lungs
LA (heart)

44
Q

What is the pathway of the systemic circuit

A

LV (heart)
Body
RA (heart)

45
Q

Inflammation in pericardial cavity

A

Pericarditis

46
Q

Inflammation of endocardium

A

Endocarditis

47
Q

Valves turning inward

A

Valvular prolapse

48
Q

Change in shape of valve cusps

A

Valvular stenosis

49
Q

Different sound; not seated properly; blood flow wrong way

A

Heart murmur

50
Q

Partial blockage in coronary arteries

A

Angina pectoris

51
Q

Weak heart

A

Congestive heart failure

52
Q

When heart stops its called

A

Cardiac arrest

53
Q

Blood clot in coronary arteries

A

Coronary thrombosis

54
Q

What is the technical term for heart attack

A

Myocardial infarction

55
Q

Dead; dying tissue

A

Infarct

56
Q

Low blood oxygen

A

Ischemia

College of the Mainland Class Notes (19 decks)

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