endocrine > adrenal physiology > Flashcards

adrenal physiology Flashcards

(17 cards)

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1
Q

what is produced in the zona glomerulosa

A

aldosterone

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2
Q

what is produced in the zona fasciculata

A

cortisol

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3
Q

what is produced in the zona reticularis

A

dihydrotestosterone

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4
Q

what is cortisol and androgen production regulated by

A

hormones produced by hypothalamus and anterior pituitary

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5
Q

what is aldosterone production regulated by

A

renin-angiotensin system and plasma potassium

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6
Q

regulation of cortisol/androgen production

A
  • illness, stress, time of day triggers hypothalamus to release CRH
  • this then stimulates the anterior pituitary to release ACTH
  • which stimulates the adrenal cortex to produce cortisol
  • cortisol negatively feedbacks to anterior pituitary and hypothalamus
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7
Q

how does renin-angiotensin system work

A
  • Major regulator of aldosterone production
  • Activated in response to decreased blood pressure
  • Leads to production of Ang II which causes direct (vasoconstriction) and indirect (aldosterone) methods of BP elevation
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8
Q

mechanism of action of corticosteroids

A

Bind intracellular receptors

Receptor/ligand complex binds DNA to affect transcription

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9
Q

what are the 6 classes of steroid receptors

A
  • glucocorticoid
  • mineralocorticoid
  • progestin
  • oestrogen
  • androgen
  • vit D
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10
Q

effect of cortisol on circulatory/renal

A
  • increase cardiac output
  • increase blood pressure
  • increase renal blood flow and GFR
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11
Q

effect of cortisol on CNS

A
  • mood lability
  • euphoria/psychosis
  • decreased libido
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12
Q

effect of cortisol on bone/connective tissue

A
  • accelerates osteoporosis
  • decrease serum calcium
  • decrease collagen formation
  • decrease wound healing
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13
Q

effect of cortisol on immune system

A
  • decrease capillary dilatation/permeability
  • decrease leucocyte migration
  • decrease macrophage activity
  • decrease inflammatory cytokine production
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14
Q

cortisol effects on metabolism

A
  • increase blood sugar
  • increase lipolysis
  • increase proteolysis
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15
Q

clinical use of corticosteroids

A
  • reduce inflammation
  • suppress immune system
  • replacement treatment
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16
Q

effects of aldosterone via mineralocorticoid receptor

Study These Flashcards
A
  • sodium/potassium balance
  • potassium/hydrogen secretion
  • increase sodium reabsorption
  • blood pressure regulation
  • regulation of extracellular volume
17
Q

where are the mineralocorticoid receptors

Study These Flashcards
A
  • kidneys
  • saliva glands
  • gut
  • sweat glands
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