Advanced Vocab Words - Set 6

Question 1

Define:

pedant

(ped-ant)

Answer 1

n. someone who shows off knowledge

n. someone who pays undue attention to rules

Dominic is a pedant who annoys everyone in the class with his long-winded questions and unnecessary quotes from the textbook.

Root: ped (from Greek paideia, meaning “education” or “child”)

Question 2

Define:

penchant

(pen-chunt)

Answer 2

n. a strong preference for something

Kate had a penchant for interior decorating, so she took over the role of set designer for the play.

Root: pend (from Latin pendere, meaning “to hang”)

Question 3

Define:

penury

(pen-yuh-ree)

Answer 3

n. extreme poverty or destitution

Having lived in penury their whole lives, the townspeople were very grateful for the donations sent by the charitable organization.

Root: pen (from Latin penuria, meaning “want” or “scarcity”)

Question 4

Define:

tangent

(tan-djunt)

Answer 4

n. a different topic

adj. touching

Halfway into her speech on global warming, she went on a tangent about materialism in modern society.

Root: tang (from Latin tangere, meaning “to touch”)

Question 5

Define:

technocracy

(teck-knock-ruh-see)

Answer 5

n. rule by scientists

In the movie, the future is a technocracy where programmers rule the entire world.

Prefix: techno- (from Greek techne, meaning “art” or “skill”); Suffix: -cracy (from Greek kratos, meaning “power” or “rule”)

Question 6

Define:

tedium

(tee-dee-um)

Answer 6

n. dullness

n. the feeling of being bored

The tedium of a fixed routine made John reconsider his plans to become a teacher.

Root: ted (from Latin taedium, meaning “weariness”)

Question 7

Define:

tenacious

(tuh-nay-shuss)

Answer 7

adj. sticking strongly to something

adj. having greater than average longevity

adj. stubborn

Despite the sudden thunderstorm, the tenacious runners continued to move towards the finish line.

Root: ten (from Latin tenere, meaning “to hold”); Suffix: -acious (indicating a tendency or quality)

Question 8

Define:

timorous

(tim-er-us)

Answer 8

adj. easy to frighten

The timorous young man jumped at even the slightest sound.

Root: timor (from Latin timor, meaning “fear”); Suffix: -ous (indicating possessing or full of)

Question 9

Define:

tirade

(tahy-raid)

Answer 9

n. a long, angry rant

One student asked a simple question about the death penalty, causing the teacher to launch into a tirade about the topic.

Root: tir (from French tirade, meaning “a long speech”)

Question 10

Define:

torpid

(tore-pid)

Answer 10

adj. lacking physical or mental energy

The student was torpid and generally uninvolved in discussions, so the teacher had to speak with him about his participation.

Root: torp (from Latin torpere, meaning “to be numb or sluggish”)

Question 11

Define:

torpor

(tore-per)

Answer 11

n. a state of low physical or mental energy

The doctors discovered that her torpor was a symptom of a severe illness.

Root: torp (from Latin torpere, meaning “to be numb or sluggish”)

Question 12

Define:

torrid

(tore-id)

Answer 12

adj. extremely hot

adj. having intense emotion or passion

The president was accused of carrying on a secret and torrid love affair with his aide.

Root: torr (from Latin torrere, meaning “to parch or scorch”)

Question 13

Define:

totalitarianism

(toe-tal-ih-tare-ee-un-izm)

Answer 13

n. absolute, dictatorial control by the government

After years of civil war, one party emerged triumphant and dominated the country in a return to totalitarianism.

Root: total (from Latin totalis, meaning “whole”); Suffix: -arian (indicating a person who advocates or practices something); Suffix: -ism (indicating a system or practice)

Question 14

Define:

tractable

(track-tuh-bul)

Answer 14

adj. easy to handle or control

adj. easily shaped

After some training, the dog became tractable enough to be sold as a pet.

Root: tract (from Latin tractare, meaning “to handle or manage”); Suffix: -able (indicating capable of being)

Question 15

Define:

anomalous

(uh-nom-ih-luss)

Answer 15

adj. different from the norm; aberrant

The new shampoo was a success, although there were a few anomalous cases in which it actually damaged consumers’ hair.

Prefix: an- (from Greek an-, meaning “not”); Root: omal (from Greek homalos, meaning “even” or “regular”); Suffix: -ous (indicating possessing or full of)

Question 16

Define:

antipathy

(an-tip-uh-thee)

Answer 16

n. aversion; loathing

The couple tried to hide their antipathy toward the new neighbors so as not to seem unwelcoming.

Prefix: anti- (from Greek anti-, meaning “against”); Root: path (from Greek pathos, meaning “feeling” or “suffering”)

Question 17

Define:

approbate

(ap-ruh-behyt)

Answer 17

v. to approve

The judge approbated her right to keep the house.

Prefix: ap- (variant of ad-, from Latin, meaning “to”); Root: prob (from Latin probare, meaning “to test” or “to prove”)

Question 18

Define:

appropriate

(uh-pro-pree-ehyt)

Answer 18

v. to take by force

v. to assign for a certain purpose

During the chaos following the president’s death, his wife appropriated the role of head of the organization.

Prefix: ap- (variant of ad-, from Latin, meaning “to”); Root: propri (from Latin proprius, meaning “one’s own”); Suffix: -ate (indicating to make or to act)

Question 19

Define:

arbiter

(are-bih-ter)

Answer 19

n. a person chosen to solve a dispute

One of her duties as babysitter was to act as arbiter when the children got into arguments.

Root: arbit (from Latin arbiter, meaning “judge” or “witness”)

Question 20

Define:

archetype

(are-kih-tahyp)

Answer 20

n. a typical example of something

n. the original on which something else is modeled

Dante’s Divine Comedy was the archetype upon which many derivative works were based.

Prefix: arch- (from Greek archi-, meaning “chief” or “principal”); Root: type (from Greek typos, meaning “model” or “impression”)

Question 21

Name the vocab term:

n. someone who shows off knowledge

n. someone who pays undue attention to rules

Hint: starts with “p”

Answer 21

pedant

synonyms: sophist, doctrinaire, know-it-all, stickler, nitpicker, formalist

His friends often described him as a pedant, constantly correcting their grammar.

The teacher was a pedant who enforced every rule strictly, leaving little room for creativity.

Question 22

Fill in the blank:

She has a ______ for classic literature, often choosing to read novels from the 19th century.

Hint: Starts with “p” and means “a strong liking or tendency”.

Answer 22

penchant

penchant (pen-chunt)

n. a strong preference for something

Question 23

Name the vocab term:

n. extreme poverty or destitution

Hint: starts with “p”

Answer 23

penury

synonyms: squalor, deprivation, destitution, impoverishment, hardship

The charity aims to alleviate the penury faced by many families in the community.

Question 24

Fill in the blank:

During the meeting, he went off on a ______ about his vacation plans, losing track of the main agenda.

Hint: Starts with “t” and means “a completely different line of thought”.

Answer 24

tangent

tangent (tan-djunt)

n. a different topic

Question 25

# Name the vocab term: n. rule by scientists ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "t"*

Answer 25

technocracy ## Footnote synonyms: scientific rule, technological governance, expert management In a _technocracy_, decisions are made based on scientific data and expertise rather than politics.

Question 26

# Fill in the blank: The \_\_\_\_\_\_ of the repetitive tasks made him dread going to work each day. ## Footnote ***Hint:*** *Starts with "t" and means "the state of being boring or monotonous".*

Answer 26

tedium ## Footnote *tedium (**tee**-dee-um)* n. dullness n. the feeling of being bored

Question 27

# Name the vocab term: adj. sticking strongly to something adj. having greater than average longevity adj. stubborn ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "t"*

Answer 27

tenacious ## Footnote synonyms: adamant, persistent, determined, resolute, unyielding The _tenacious_ grip of the adhesive ensured that the tiles stayed firmly in place. His _tenacious_ attitude made it difficult for him to accept any form of criticism.

Question 28

# Fill in the blank: Her \_\_\_\_\_\_ nature made her hesitant to speak in public. ## Footnote ***Hint:*** *Starts with "t" and means "showing fear or lack of confidence".*

Answer 28

timorous ## Footnote *timorous (**tim**-er-us)* adj. easy to frighten

Question 29

# Name the vocab term: n. a long, angry rant ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "t"*

Answer 29

tirade ## Footnote synonyms: abuse, outburst, berating, diatribe, rant, harangue His _tirade_ against the new policy left everyone in the room stunned.

Question 30

# Fill in the blank: After the long meeting, he felt \_\_\_\_\_\_ and needed a break. ## Footnote ***Hint:*** *Starts with "t" and means "sluggish or inactive".*

Answer 30

torpid ## Footnote *torpid (**tore**-pid)* adj. lacking physical or mental energy

Question 31

# Name the vocab term: n. a state of low physical or mental energy ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "t"*

Answer 31

torpor ## Footnote synonyms: dormancy, apathy, stagnation, lethargy, indifference During the heat of summer, many people experience a sense of _torpor_.

Question 32

# Fill in the blank: The \_\_\_\_\_\_ sun beat down on the desert, making it unbearable to walk outside. ## Footnote ***Hint:*** *Starts with "t" and means "intensely hot or passionate".*

Answer 32

torrid ## Footnote *torrid (**tore**-id)* adj. extremely hot adj. having intense emotion or passion

Question 33

# Name the vocab term: n. absolute, dictatorial control by the government ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "t"*

Answer 33

totalitarianism ## Footnote synonyms: dictatorship, tyranny, authoritarianism, oppression, despotism, regime In a _totalitarianism_, the state exerts complete control over all aspects of public and private life.

Question 34

# Fill in the blank: The dog was surprisingly \_\_\_\_\_\_, following commands without hesitation. ## Footnote ***Hint:*** *Starts with "t" and means "easily controlled or managed".*

Answer 34

tractable ## Footnote *tractable (**track**-tuh-bul)* adj. easy to handle or control adj. easily shaped

Question 35

# Name the vocab term: adj. different from the norm; aberrant ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "a"*

Answer 35

anomalous ## Footnote synonyms: unusual, abnormal, strange, atypical, irregular, aberrant The _anomalous_ results of the experiment prompted further investigation.

Question 36

# Fill in the blank: His \_\_\_\_\_\_ toward injustice drove him to become an activist. ## Footnote ***Hint:*** *Starts with "a" and means "a strong feeling of dislike".*

Answer 36

antipathy ## Footnote *antipathy (an-**tip**-uh-thee)* n. aversion; loathing

Question 37

# Name the vocab term: v. to approve ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "a"*

Answer 37

approbate ## Footnote synonyms: affirm, accept, endorse, sanction, ratify The committee will _approbate_ the new policy after reviewing its implications.

Question 38

# Fill in the blank: The conquerors sought to \_\_\_\_\_\_ the land for their own use. ## Footnote ***Hint:*** *Starts with "a" and means "to take for one's own use".*

Answer 38

appropriate ## Footnote *appropriate (uh-**pro**-pree-ehyt)* v. to take by force v. to assign for a certain purpose

Question 39

# Name the vocab term: n. a person chosen to solve a dispute ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "a"*

Answer 39

arbiter ## Footnote synonyms: mediator, negotiator, referee, judge, authority, adjudicator The _arbiter_ was respected for his fair judgment in complex cases.

Question 40

# Fill in the blank: She is considered the \_\_\_\_\_\_ of a successful entrepreneur. ## Footnote ***Hint:*** *Starts with "a" and means "a typical example or original model".*

Answer 40

archetype ## Footnote *archetype (**are**-kih-tahyp)* n. a typical example of something n. the original on which something else is modeled

Question 41

# Define: ardor | (**are**-der)

Answer 41

n. feeling of great warmth or intensity ## Footnote His sense of justice manifests itself in the _ardor_ with which he throws himself into his legal work. Root: *ard* (from Latin *ardere*, meaning "to burn")

Question 42

# Define: arduous | (**ar**-djew-us)

Answer 42

adj. requiring mental or physical strain adj. demanding ## Footnote The beach was practically empty, as reaching it entailed an _arduous_ journey through a bramble thicket. Root: *ard* (from Latin *arduus*, meaning "steep" or "difficult")

Question 43

# Define: aria | (**are**-ee-uh)

Answer 43

n. a solo vocal piece in an opera ## Footnote During her _aria_, the opera singer expressed her character's sorrow to the audience with great skill. Root: *ari* (from Italian *aria*, meaning "air" or "melody")

Question 44

# Define: arid | (**air**-id)

Answer 44

adj. extremely dry adj. lacking spirit or vitality ## Footnote The _arid_ climate of the desert is ideal for plants that do not require much water, such as cacti. Root: *arid* (from Latin *aridus*, meaning "dry")

Question 45

# Define: sundry | (**suhn**-dree)

Answer 45

adj. various, miscellaneous, separate ## Footnote The _sundry_ items at the garage sale ranged from antique to almost brand new. Root: *sund* (from Old English *syndrig*, meaning "separate" or "distinct")

Question 46

# Define: reprise | (ruh-**preez**)

Answer 46

n. a repetition of an action v. to repeat or resume ## Footnote The _reprise_ of the song had the audience dancing in the aisles. Prefix: *re-* (from Latin, meaning "again"); Root: *prise* (from Latin *prehendere*, meaning "to take")

Question 47

# Define: harrow | (**hair**-oh)

Answer 47

v. to distress, torment ## Footnote Any talk of layoffs would always leave the entire division _harrowed_ and unable to focus on their work. Root: *harrow* (from Old English *hergian*, meaning "to plunder")

Question 48

# Define: sardonic | (sahr-**don**-ik)

Answer 48

adj. cynical, mocking ## Footnote The class clown's _sardonic_ remark landed him in detention. Root: *sardon* (from Greek *sardonios*, meaning "bitter or scornful laughter")

Question 49

# Define: subterfuge | (**suhb**-ter-fyoodj)

Answer 49

n. a deliberate deception to avoid a consequence ## Footnote Policemen who stop drunk drivers can see right through the _subterfuge_ of hastily chewing a piece of gum. Prefix: *sub-* (from Latin, meaning "under"); Root: *fug* (from Latin *fugere*, meaning "to flee")

Question 50

# Define: axiom | (**ack**-see-um)

Answer 50

n. a generally accepted truth ## Footnote In math class, we learned about the different _axioms_ we could use to develop geometric proofs. Root: *axi* (from Greek *axios*, meaning "worthy")

Question 51

# Define: controvert | (**kon**-truh-vurt)

Answer 51

v. to deny the truth of ## Footnote Recent experiments seem to _controvert_ the predictions of previous theories. Prefix: *contra-* (from Latin, meaning "against"); Root: *vert* (from Latin *vertere*, meaning "to turn")

Question 52

# Define: progeny | (**prodj**-uh-nee)

Answer 52

n. one born or derived from another; an offspring or descendent n. a product of creative effort ## Footnote That family claims to be the _progeny_ of the king of France, but they refuse to submit to a DNA test to prove their bloodline. Prefix: *pro-* (from Latin, meaning "forth"); Root: *gen* (from Latin *gignere*, meaning "to beget")

Question 53

# Define: potentate | (**poht**-n-teyt)

Answer 53

n. one with absolute power to rule; a monarch ## Footnote While the _potentate_ sipped wine, the peasants toiled in the field. Root: *potent* (from Latin *potentem*, meaning "powerful")

Question 54

# Define: cardinal | (**kahr**-dn-uhl)

Answer 54

adj. of paramount importance adj. dark red ## Footnote At the graduation speech, the valedictorian gave them _cardinal_ rules to live by. Root: *cardin* (from Latin *cardinalis*, meaning "hinge" or "pivotal")

Question 55

# Define: hidebound | (**hahyd**-bound)

Answer 55

adj. rigid, dry, unmoving ## Footnote The _hidebound_ rules of organized religion have never appealed to me much. Root: *hide* (from Old English *hyd*, meaning "skin"); Root: *bound* (from Old English *bindan*, meaning "to bind")

Question 56

# Define: chary | (**chair**-ee)

Answer 56

adj. very cautious; not giving or spending freely adj. shy ## Footnote Joe was _chary_ of his praise for his daughters, but when he did congratulate them, they beamed. Root: *char* (from Old English *cearu*, meaning "care")

Question 57

# Define: arabesque | (air-uh-**besk**)

Answer 57

n. a complex, ornate design ## Footnote The kimono was trimmed with an _arabesque_ of tiny yellow curlicues. Root: *arab* (from French *arabesque*, meaning "in the Arabic style")

Question 58

# Define: rapturous | (**rap**-cher-uhs)

Answer 58

adj. expressing great pleasure or enthusiasm ## Footnote The presidential decree was greeted with _rapturous_ applause. Root: *rapt* (from Latin *raptus*, meaning "seized"); Suffix: *-ous* (from Latin, meaning "full of")

Question 59

# Define: amalgamate | (uh-**mal**-guh-meyt)

Answer 59

v. to combine several elements into a whole; to blend ## Footnote Our county will _amalgamate_ with the neighboring county in order to cut administrative costs. Root: *amalgam* (from Medieval Latin *amalgama*, meaning "alloy of mercury")

Question 60

# Define: prattle | (**prat**-uhl)

Answer 60

v. to babble or speak foolishly ## Footnote The confused student _prattled_ for a few minutes before sitting back down. Root: *prat* (from Middle Low German *praten*, meaning "to talk")

Question 61

# Name the vocab term: n. feeling of great warmth or intensity ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "a"*

Answer 61

ardor ## Footnote synonyms: admiration, passion, fervor, zeal, enthusiasm His _ardor_ for the project inspired everyone on the team.

Question 62

# Fill in the blank: The hike was \_\_\_\_\_\_, demanding both stamina and determination. ## Footnote ***Hint:*** *Starts with "a" and means "requiring great effort".*

Answer 62

arduous ## Footnote *arduous (**ar**-djew-us)* adj. requiring mental or physical strain adj. demanding

Question 63

# Name the vocab term: n. a solo vocal piece in an opera ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "a"*

Answer 63

aria ## Footnote synonyms: descant, hymn, song, melody, solo, duet The soprano's _aria_ captivated the audience with its emotional depth.

Question 64

# Fill in the blank: The presentation was so \_\_\_\_\_\_ that many attendees struggled to stay awake. ## Footnote ***Hint:*** *Starts with "a" and means "extremely dry".*

Answer 64

arid ## Footnote *arid (**air**-id)* adj. extremely dry adj. lacking spirit or vitality

Question 65

# Name the vocab term: adj. various, miscellaneous, separate ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "s"*

Answer 65

sundry ## Footnote synonyms: assorted, different, diverse, varied, disparate The shop sells _sundry_ items, from books to kitchenware.

Question 66

# Fill in the blank: The composer decided to include a \_\_\_\_\_\_ of the main theme in the final act. ## Footnote ***Hint:*** *Starts with "r" and means "a repeated passage or action".*

Answer 66

reprise ## Footnote *reprise (ruh-**preez**)* n. a repetition of an action n. to repeat or resume

Question 67

# Name the vocab term: v. to distress, torment ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "h"*

Answer 67

harrow ## Footnote synonyms: depredate, harass, torment, afflict, trouble The memories of the event continued to _harrow_ him for years.

Question 68

# Fill in the blank: His \_\_\_\_\_\_ humor often left others feeling uncomfortable. ## Footnote ***Hint:*** *Starts with "s" and means "mocking or cynical".*

Answer 68

sardonic ## Footnote *sardonic (sahr-**don**-ik)* adj. cynical, mocking

Question 69

# Name the vocab term: n. a deliberate deception to avoid a consequence ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "s"*

Answer 69

subterfuge ## Footnote synonyms: cheating, dishonesty, dissimulation, deceit, trickery, evasion She used _subterfuge_ to evade the question and shift the conversation.

Question 70

# Fill in the blank: It is an \_\_\_\_\_\_ that hard work leads to success. ## Footnote ***Hint:*** *Starts with "a" and means "a self-evident truth".*

Answer 70

axiom ## Footnote *axiom (**ack**-see-um)* n. a generally accepted truthsynonyms: principle, fundamental, maxim, truth, postulate

Question 71

# Name the vocab term: v. to deny the truth of ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "c"*

Answer 71

controvert ## Footnote synonyms: oppose, argue, deny, dispute, refute, challenge, contradict Many experts tried to _controvert_ the claim with counter-evidence.

Question 72

# Fill in the blank: His latest painting was the \_\_\_\_\_\_ of years of artistic development. ## Footnote ***Hint:*** *Starts with "p"; means "offspring, descendant, or a product of creative effort".*

Answer 72

progeny ## Footnote *progeny (**prodj**-uh-nee)* n. one born or derived from another; an offspring or descendent n. a product of creative effort

Question 73

# Name the vocab term: n. one with absolute power to rule; a monarch ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "p"*

Answer 73

potentate ## Footnote synonyms: autocrat, chief, leader, sovereign, ruler, despot The _potentate_ of the small kingdom wielded immense influence over his subjects.

Question 74

# Fill in the blank: The \_\_\_\_\_\_ dress added a vibrant touch to the festive decorations. ## Footnote ***Hint:*** *Starts with "c" and means "most important or dark red".*

Answer 74

cardinal ## Footnote *cardinal (**kahr**-dn-uhl)* adj. of paramount importance adj. dark red

Question 75

# Name the vocab term: adj. rigid, dry, unmoving ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "h"*

Answer 75

hidebound ## Footnote synonyms: fixed, immovable, strict, inflexible, unyielding, conservative The _hidebound_ policies of the organization stifled innovation.

Question 76

# Fill in the blank: His \_\_\_\_\_\_ demeanor made it difficult for him to join in on group discussions. ## Footnote ***Hint:*** *Starts with "c" and means "cautious or reluctant".*

Answer 76

chary ## Footnote *chary (**chair**-ee)* adj. very cautious; not giving or spending freely adj. shy

Question 77

# Name the vocab term: n. a complex, ornate design ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "a"*

Answer 77

arabesque ## Footnote synonyms: design, frill, adornment, flourish, ornamentation, embellishment, motif The _arabesque_ patterns on the wall added elegance to the room.

Question 78

# Fill in the blank: The audience gave a \_\_\_\_\_\_ applause at the end of the performance. ## Footnote ***Hint:*** *Starts with "r" and means "full of great joy or enthusiasm".*

Answer 78

rapturous ## Footnote *rapturous (**rap**-cher-uhs)* adj. expressing great pleasure or enthusiasm

Question 79

# Name the vocab term: v. to combine several elements into a whole; to blend ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "a"*

Answer 79

amalgamate ## Footnote synonyms: integrate, combine, merge, fuse, consolidate The two companies decided to _amalgamate_ their resources to improve efficiency.

Question 80

# Fill in the blank: The children \_\_\_\_\_\_ on about their day, oblivious to the time. ## Footnote ***Hint:*** *Starts with "p" and means "spoke in a foolish or trivial way".*

Answer 80

prattled ## Footnote *prattle (**prat**-uhl)* v. to babble or speak foolishly

Question 81

# Define: simian | (**sim**-ee-uhn)

Answer 81

adj. relating to apes ## Footnote Humans have many _simian_ characteristics. Root: *simia* (from Latin, meaning "ape" or "monkey")

Question 82

# Define: precipice | (**press**-uh-piss)

Answer 82

n. a steep rock or cliff face ## Footnote The climber faced the largest _precipice_ of his career. Prefix: *pre-* (from Latin, meaning "before"); Root: *caput* (from Latin, meaning "head")

Question 83

# Define: augury | (**aw**-gyuh-ree)

Answer 83

n. divination n. an omen, portent ## Footnote _Augury_ is often performed by observing a crystal ball. Root: *augur* (from Latin, meaning "soothsayer" or "diviner")

Question 84

# Define: picayune | (pik-ee-**yoon**)

Answer 84

adj. of little value, paltry, petty n. something of little value ## Footnote His craftsmanship wasn't worth a _picayune_. Root: *picaillon* (from French, meaning "small coin")

Question 85

# Define: anthropomorphic | (an-thruh-puh-**mawr**-fik)

Answer 85

adj. having human characteristics ## Footnote Many people believe that aliens will be _anthropomorphic_, but there is no evidence to support that. Root: *anthropo* (from Greek *anthrōpos*, meaning "human"); Suffix: *-morphic* (from Greek *morphē*, meaning "form" or "shape")

Question 86

# Define: ramify | (**ram**-uh-fahy)

Answer 86

v. to be divided, to branch out ## Footnote The dispute _ramified_ as more factions got involved. Root: *ramus* (from Latin, meaning "branch"); Suffix: *-fy* (from Latin *facere*, meaning "to make")

Question 87

# Define: upbraid | (uhp-**breyd**)

Answer 87

v. to scold sharply, reprimand, or blame ## Footnote Mom _upbraided_ me for not doing the dishes last night. Prefix: *up-* (from Old English, meaning "up" or "thoroughly"); Root: *braid* (from Old English *bregdan*, meaning "to move quickly" or "to weave")

Question 88

# Define: banality | (buh-**nal**-ih-tee)

Answer 88

n. triviality n. something overused and trite ## Footnote The once-funny joke had become a _banality_ in the camp. Root: *banal* (from French, meaning "commonplace"); Suffix: *-ity* (from Latin *-itas*, indicating a state or condition)

Question 89

# Define: base | (**behyss**)

Answer 89

adj. immoral adj. made of low quality materials ## Footnote The young man was criticized by his parents for his _base_, degrading lifestyle. Root: *basis* (from Greek, meaning "foundation" or "support")

Question 90

# Define: sodden | (**sod**-n)

Answer 90

adj. thoroughly soaked, saturated ## Footnote My clothes were _sodden_ from the rainstorm. Root: *sod* (from Middle English *soden*, meaning "boiled")

Question 91

# Define: stolid | (**stawl**-id)

Answer 91

adj. stoic, emotionless ## Footnote People in old-time photographs tend to have _stolid_ expressions. Root: *stolidus* (from Latin, meaning "dull" or "stupid")

Question 92

# Define: phthisis | (**thigh**-sis)

Answer 92

n. a disease characterized by body-part atrophy (especially of the lungs) ## Footnote His _phthisis_ was interfering with work more every day. Root: *phthisis* (from Greek, meaning "wasting away" or "consumption")

Question 93

# Define: vintner | (**vint**-ner)

Answer 93

n. one who makes or sells wine ## Footnote In Italy there are a great number of _vintners_. Root: *vin* (from Latin *vinum*, meaning "wine"); Suffix: *-er* (indicating a person associated with a particular activity)

Question 94

# Define: salient | (**sehy**-lee-uhnt)

Answer 94

adj. prominent or conspicuous ## Footnote The cover of the study guide listed its _salient_ features, such as diagnostic and practice exams. Root: *salire* (from Latin, meaning "to leap")

Question 95

# Define: haughty | (**haw**-tee)

Answer 95

adj. arrogant, snobbish ## Footnote I prefer the company of one or two good friends to a party full of _haughty_, self-absorbed socialites. Root: *haut* (from Old French, meaning "high" or "lofty")

Question 96

# Define: blanch | (**blanch**)

Answer 96

v. to whiten or turn pale ## Footnote During the biology dissection, Jennifer _blanched_ and ran out of the room. Root: *blanc* (from Old French, meaning "white")

Question 97

# Define: inimitable | (in-**im**-ih-tuh-buhl)

Answer 97

adj. incapable of being imitated or duplicated ## Footnote The Broadway debut was a spellbinding performance thanks mainly to the _inimitable_ stamina of the female lead. Prefix: *in-* (from Latin, meaning "not"); Root: *imitari* (from Latin, meaning "to imitate"); Suffix: *-able* (indicating capability or worthiness)

Question 98

# Define: accretion | (uh-**kree**-shuhn)

Answer 98

n. growth; increase by successive or gradual addition ## Footnote The _accretion_ of dirt has changed the floor's color. Prefix: *ad-* (from Latin, meaning "to" or "toward"); Root: *crescere* (from Latin, meaning "to grow"); Suffix: *-tion* (indicating an action or process)

Question 99

# Define: trenchant | (**tren**-chuhnt)

Answer 99

adj. forceful and effective adj. extremely perceptive ## Footnote The experienced CEO offered _trenchant_ criticisms of the young company. Root: *trenchier* (from Old French, meaning "to cut")

Question 100

# Define: turgid | (**tur**-djid)

Answer 100

adj. swollen or distended adj. excessively ornate; grandiloquent ## Footnote Marcy's _turgid_ leg was enough to concern her parents. Root: *turgere* (from Latin, meaning "to swell")

Question 101

# Name the vocab term: adj. relating to apes ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "s"*

Answer 101

simian ## Footnote synonyms: ape-like, primate, anthropoid The _simian_ characteristics of the monkey were evident in its agile movements.

Question 102

# Fill in the blank: The climbers stood at the edge of the \_\_\_\_\_\_, gazing down at the valley below. ## Footnote ***Hint:*** *Starts with "p" and means "a steep cliff or dangerous situation".*

Answer 102

precipice ## Footnote *precipice (**press**-uh-piss)* n. a steep rock or cliff face

Question 103

# Name the vocab term: n. divination n. an omen, portent ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "a"*

Answer 103

augury ## Footnote synonyms: fortunetelling, forewarning, omen, prophecy The ancient practice of _augury_ involved interpreting the flight patterns of birds. Seeing a black cat was considered an _augury_ of bad luck.

Question 104

# Fill in the blank: His \_\_\_\_\_\_ complaints about the weather were tiresome. ## Footnote ***Hint:*** *Starts with "p" and means "of little value or importance".*

Answer 104

picayune ## Footnote *picayune (pik-ee-**yoon**)* adj. of little value, paltry, petty n. something of little value

Question 105

# Name the vocab term: adj. having human characteristics ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "a"*

Answer 105

anthropomorphic ## Footnote synonyms: humanlike, personified, anthropoidal The _anthropomorphic_ characters in the cartoon made the story more relatable.

Question 106

# Fill in the blank: The organization began to \_\_\_\_\_\_ into various departments to better serve its members. ## Footnote ***Hint:*** *Starts with "r" and means "to spread or branch out".*

Answer 106

ramify ## Footnote *ramify (**ram**-uh-fahy)* v. to be divided, to branch out

Question 107

# Name the vocab term: v. to scold sharply, reprimand or blame ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "u"*

Answer 107

upbraid ## Footnote synonyms: berate, criticize, reprimand, reproach, chastise The manager did not hesitate to _upbraid_ the team for missing the deadline.

Question 108

# Fill in the blank: The film suffered from \_\_\_\_\_\_, offering nothing new to the genre. ## Footnote ***Hint:*** *Starts with "b" and means "lack of originality".*

Answer 108

banality ## Footnote *banality (buh-**nal**-ih-tee)* n. triviality n. something overused and trite

Question 109

# Name the vocab term: adj. immoral adj. made of low quality materials ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "b"*

Answer 109

base ## Footnote synonyms: vulgar, low; shoddy, cheap, inferior, contemptible His _base_ actions shocked everyone who knew him as a moral person. The furniture was so _base_ that it fell apart after just a few months.

Question 110

# Fill in the blank: The \_\_\_\_\_\_ ground made it difficult to walk without slipping. ## Footnote ***Hint:*** *Starts with "s" and means "thoroughly soaked".*

Answer 110

sodden ## Footnote *sodden (**sod**-n)* adj. thoroughly soaked, saturated

Question 111

# Name the vocab term: adj. stoic, emotionless ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "s"*

Answer 111

stolid ## Footnote synonyms: apathetic, indifferent, impassive, unemotional, phlegmatic His _stolid_ demeanor made it hard for others to read his feelings.

Question 112

# Fill in the blank: \_\_\_\_\_\_ was once a common cause of death before the advent of antibiotics. ## Footnote ***Hint:*** *Starts with "p" and means "a wasting disease, especially tuberculosis".*

Answer 112

Phthisis ## Footnote *phthisis (**thigh**-sis)* n. a disease characterized by body-part atrophy (especially of the lungs)

Question 113

# Name the vocab term: n. one who makes or sells wine ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "v"*

Answer 113

vintner ## Footnote synonyms: winemaker, wine merchant, brewer, oenologist The _vintner_ proudly showcased his finest bottles at the annual wine festival.

Question 114

# Fill in the blank: Her \_\_\_\_\_\_ features made her stand out in the crowd. ## Footnote ***Hint:*** *Starts with "s" and means "most noticeable or important".*

Answer 114

salient ## Footnote *salient (**sehy**-lee-uhnt)* adj. prominent or conspicuous

Question 115

# Name the vocab term: adj. arrogant, insolent ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "h"*

Answer 115

haughty ## Footnote synonyms: egotistic, conceited, snobbish, disdainful, supercilious His _haughty_ attitude alienated many of his colleagues.

Question 116

# Fill in the blank: She began to \_\_\_\_\_\_ at the thought of giving a speech in front of the audience. ## Footnote ***Hint:*** *Starts with "b" and means "to turn pale".*

Answer 116

blanch ## Footnote *blanch (**blanch**)* v. to whiten or turn pale

Question 117

# Name the vocab term: adj. incapable of being imitated or duplicated ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "i"*

Answer 117

inimitable ## Footnote synonyms: unique, matchless, peerless, singular, distinctive, incomparable Her _inimitable_ style made her a fashion icon.

Question 118

# Fill in the blank: The \_\_\_\_\_\_ of knowledge over the years has made him an expert in his field. ## Footnote ***Hint:*** *Starts with "a" and means "a gradual increase or growth".*

Answer 118

accretion ## Footnote *accretion (uh-**kree**-shuhn)* n. growth; increase by successive or gradual addition

Question 119

# Name the vocab term: adj. forceful and effective adj. extremely perceptive ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "t"*

Answer 119

trenchant ## Footnote synonyms: sharp, observant, incisive, keen, astute His _trenchant_ remarks during the debate swayed many opinions. She had a _trenchant_ understanding of the complex issues at hand.

Question 120

# Fill in the blank: The \_\_\_\_\_\_ river overflowed its banks after the heavy rainfall. ## Footnote ***Hint:*** *Starts with "t" and means "swollen or pompous".*

Answer 120

turgid ## Footnote *turgid (**tur**-djid)* adj. swollen or distended adj. excessively ornate; grandiloquent

Question 121

# Define: belabor | (buh-**lehy**-burr)

Answer 121

v. to speak or worry about something at length v. to attack ## Footnote She was known to _belabor_ the point when it came to environmentalism, so we tried not to bring it up. Prefix: *be-* (intensive prefix from Old English, meaning 'thoroughly')

Question 122

# Define: belie | (buh-**lahy**)

Answer 122

v. to give a false impression v. to reveal as untrue ## Footnote She greeted us with a smile, but the redness of her eyes _belied_ her cheerful attitude. Prefix: *be-* (intensive prefix from Old English, meaning 'thoroughly')

Question 123

# Define: benign | (buh-**nahyn**)

Answer 123

adj. pleasant adj. not harmful, especially to health ## Footnote The doctor's _benign_ manner endeared him to patients. Prefix: *bene-* (from Latin, meaning 'well' or 'good')

Question 124

# Define: bent | (**bent**)

Answer 124

n. a natural talent n. an inclination or interest ## Footnote Lisa had a true _bent_ for working with animals, so people often told her to consider a career as a veterinarian. Root: *bend* (from Old English *bendan*, meaning 'to bend')

Question 125

# Define: berate | (bih-**rate**)

Answer 125

v. to scold or criticize angrily ## Footnote Jane's boss was so mean that he _berated_ her for even the smallest mistakes. Prefix: *be-* (intensive prefix from Old English, meaning 'thoroughly')

Question 126

# Define: blithe | (**blahyth**)

Answer 126

adj. carefree and happy ## Footnote When he lost his job, John struggled to maintain his _blithe_ and optimistic attitude toward life. Root: *blithe* (from Old English *blīþe*, meaning 'joyous' or 'kind')

Question 127

# Define: capacious | (kuh-**pay**-shuss)

Answer 127

adj. having a lot of room ## Footnote The _capacious_ living room often impressed their guests. Root: *capaci-* (from Latin *capax*, meaning 'able to hold much'); Suffix: *-ous* (forming adjectives, meaning 'full of')

Question 128

# Define: capitulate | (kuh-**pitch**-ih-lehyt)

Answer 128

v. to surrender; to give in ## Footnote The mother _capitulated_ after hours of tantrums and finally bought her son the toy. Root: *capit-* (from Latin *capitulum*, meaning 'a little head' or 'chapter')

Question 129

# Define: caprice | (kuh-**prees**)

Answer 129

n. a sudden desire ## Footnote Her decision to come along on the trip was a mere _caprice_; she had never expressed a desire to come before then. Root: *capr-* (from Latin *caper*, meaning 'goat', suggesting whimsical or sudden change)

Question 130

# Define: carp | (**karp**)

Answer 130

v. to raise trivial objections n. a type of fish ## Footnote She hated when her coworkers _carped_ about the minimal work they had to do. Root: *carp* (from Old Norse *karpa*, meaning 'to boast' or 'to nag')

Question 131

# Define: cascade | (kass-**kehyd**)

Answer 131

n. a waterfall n. something that falls or progresses like a waterfall ## Footnote I knew the wire was badly damaged when a _cascade_ of sparks fell the moment I touched it. Root: *casc-* (from Latin *cascare*, meaning 'to fall')

Question 132

# Define: castigate | (**kast**-ih-gehyt)

Answer 132

v. to give harsh criticism v. to punish harshly ## Footnote His parents _castigated_ him for his bad grades by taking away his car keys. Root: *castig-* (from Latin *castigare*, meaning 'to chastise')

Question 133

# Define: caustic | (**kaw**-stick)

Answer 133

adj. capable of corroding adj. harsh or sarcastic in tone ## Footnote The comedian was known for his _caustic_ jokes about political scandals. Root: *caust-* (from Greek *kaustikos*, meaning 'burning')

Question 134

# Define: censure | (**sen**-shur)

Answer 134

n. strong disapproval, esp. official disapproval v. to condemn ## Footnote The professor was _censured_ by the administration for his controversial and politically incorrect lectures. Root: *cens-* (from Latin *censere*, meaning 'to assess' or 'to judge')

Question 135

# Define: chauvinism | (**show**-vuh-niz-um)

Answer 135

n. fanatical patriotism n. prejudiced support of one's own group, sex, or cause ## Footnote My father's _chauvinism_ was characterized by a rather dim view of other races. Suffix: *-ism* (forming nouns, indicating a belief or principle)

Question 136

# Define: chimera | (kahy-**mere**-uh)

Answer 136

n. a creature possessing the body parts of different animals n. a fanciful mental illusion ## Footnote The ability to make easy money is a _chimera_; it only works until the next economic downturn. Root: *chimera* (from Greek *khimaira*, meaning 'a mythological creature')

Question 137

# Define: collusion | (kuh-**loo**-zhun)

Answer 137

n. a conspiracy or secret plot ## Footnote Acting in _collusion_ with several high officials, the rebels completed the government takeover successfully. Prefix: *col-* (variant of *com-*, meaning 'together'); Root: *lud-* (from Latin *ludere*, meaning 'to play')

Question 138

# Define: complacent | (kum-**plehy**-sunt)

Answer 138

adj. satisfied and thus not wanting to improve ## Footnote Kate became _complacent_ after years of success as a model and so was unprepared when younger women challenged her position at the top. Prefix: *com-* (from Latin, meaning 'with' or 'together'); Root: *plac-* (from Latin *placere*, meaning 'to please')

Question 139

# Define: complaisant | (kum-**plehy**-sunt)

Answer 139

adj. eager to please ## Footnote Although usually argumentative, Paul is surprisingly _complaisant_ with his girlfriend. Prefix: *com-* (from Latin, meaning 'with' or 'together'); Root: *plais-* (from Latin *placere*, meaning 'to please')

Question 140

# Define: concise | (kun-**sayhs**)

Answer 140

adj. brief; able to express a lot in few words ## Footnote Before the show, the director gave a _concise_ introduction that explained his reasons for getting involved in the production. Prefix: *con-* (from Latin, meaning 'together'); Root: *cis-* (from Latin *caedere*, meaning 'to cut')

Question 141

# Name the vocab term: v. to speak or worry about something at length v. to attack ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "b"*

Answer 141

belabor ## Footnote synonyms: dwell on, repeat; invade, assail, harp on, reiterate, bombard He tends to _belabor_ his point, making discussions unnecessarily long. The critic did not hesitate to _belabor_ the flaws in the new film.

Question 142

# Fill in the blank: Her smile seemed to \_\_\_\_\_\_ her true feelings of sadness. ## Footnote ***Hint:*** *Starts with "b" and means "to give a false impression of".*

Answer 142

belie ## Footnote *belie (buh-**lahy**)* v. to give a false impression v. to reveal as untrue

Question 143

# Name the vocab term: adj. pleasant adj. not harmful, especially to health ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "b"*

Answer 143

benign ## Footnote synonyms: amiable, friendly, gentle; harmless, innocuous The _benign_ atmosphere of the garden made it a perfect spot for relaxation. The doctor assured her that the tumor was _benign_.

Question 144

# Fill in the blank: She has a \_\_\_\_\_\_ for music, playing multiple instruments with ease. ## Footnote ***Hint:*** *Starts with "b" and means "a natural talent or inclination".*

Answer 144

bent ## Footnote *bent (**bent**)* n. a natural talent n. an inclination or interest

Question 145

# Name the vocab term: v. to scold or criticize angrily ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "b"*

Answer 145

berate ## Footnote synonyms: abuse, discipline, rebuke, reprimand, chastise The coach _berated_ the players for their lack of effort during the game.

Question 146

# Fill in the blank: Her \_\_\_\_\_\_ spirit brought joy to everyone around her. ## Footnote ***Hint:*** *Starts with "b" and means "carefree and cheerful".*

Answer 146

blithe ## Footnote *blithe (**blahyth**)* adj. carefree and happy

Question 147

# Name the vocab term: adj. having a lot of room ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "c"*

Answer 147

capacious ## Footnote synonyms: spacious, roomy, expansive, ample, extensive, vast The _capacious_ trunk of the car easily accommodated all the luggage.

Question 148

# Fill in the blank: After weeks of negotiations, the company decided to \_\_\_\_\_\_ to the union's demands. ## Footnote ***Hint:*** *Starts with "c" and means "to surrender or give in".*

Answer 148

capitulate ## Footnote *capitulate (kuh-**pitch**-ih-lehyt)* v. to surrender; to give in

Question 149

# Name the vocab term: n. a sudden desire ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "c"*

Answer 149

caprice ## Footnote synonyms: fancy, impulse, whim, inclination, whimsy His decision to travel was a _caprice_, inspired by a spontaneous thought.

Question 150

# Fill in the blank: She began to \_\_\_\_\_\_ about the details of the plan, which frustrated the team. ## Footnote ***Hint:*** *Starts with "c" and means "to complain or find fault continually".*

Answer 150

carp ## Footnote *carp (**karp**)* v. to raise trivial objections n. a kind of fish

Question 151

# Name the vocab term: n. a waterfall n. something that falls or progresses like a waterfall ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "c"*

Answer 151

cascade ## Footnote synonyms: chute, downpour, flood, fall, rush, waterfall The _cascade_ of water tumbled down the rocky cliff, creating a beautiful sight. The project had a _cascade_ of delays that pushed the deadline further back.

Question 152

# Fill in the blank: The teacher did not hesitate to \_\_\_\_\_\_ the student for his poor behavior. ## Footnote ***Hint:*** *Starts with "c" and means "to criticize severely or punish harshly".*

Answer 152

castigate ## Footnote *castigate (**kast**-ih-gehyt)* v. to give harsh criticism to v. to punish harshly

Question 153

# Name the vocab term: adj. capable of corroding adj. harsh or sarcastic in tone ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "c"*

Answer 153

caustic ## Footnote synonyms: abrasive, erosive; ironic, bitter, scathing, sardonic The _caustic_ chemical burned through the metal container. His _caustic_ remarks often left others feeling hurt and offended.

Question 154

# Fill in the blank: The senator faced \_\_\_\_\_\_ for his inappropriate comments. ## Footnote ***Hint:*** *Starts with "c" and means "to express strong disapproval".*

Answer 154

censure ## Footnote *censure (**sen**-shur)* n. strong disapproval, esp. official disapproval v. to condemn

Question 155

# Name the vocab term: n. fanatical patriotism; and n. prejudiced support of one's own group, sex, or cause ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "c"*

Answer 155

chauvinism ## Footnote synonyms: jingoism, ethnocentricity, nationalism, partisanship His _chauvinism_ was evident in his dismissive attitude toward other cultures.

Question 156

# Fill in the blank: The mythological \_\_\_\_\_\_ was said to breathe fire and have the body of a lion. ## Footnote ***Hint:*** *Starts with "c" and means "an impossible or foolish fantasy".*

Answer 156

chimera ## Footnote *chimera (kahy-**mere**-uh)* n. a creature possessing the body parts of different animals n. a fanciful mental illusion

Question 157

# Name the vocab term: n. a conspiracy or secret plot ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "c"*

Answer 157

collusion ## Footnote synonyms: pact, trick, connivance, conspiracy, collaboration, secret agreement The two companies were accused of _collusion_ to fix prices in the market.

Question 158

# Fill in the blank: His \_\_\_\_\_\_ attitude toward his grades prevented him from striving for better. ## Footnote ***Hint:*** *Starts with "c" and means "self-satisfied and unaware of danger".*

Answer 158

complacent ## Footnote *complacent (kum-**plehy**-sunt)* adj. satisfied and thus not wanting to improve

Question 159

# Name the vocab term: adj. eager to please ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "c"*

Answer 159

complaisant ## Footnote synonyms: obliging, compliant, accommodating, agreeable, helpful The _complaisant_ assistant went out of her way to ensure her boss's satisfaction.

Question 160

# Fill in the blank: The report was \_\_\_\_\_\_, highlighting only the most important information. ## Footnote ***Hint:*** *Starts with "c" and means "brief but comprehensive".*

Answer 160

concise ## Footnote *concise (kun-**sayhs**)* adj. brief; able to express a lot in few words

Question 161

# Define: conjecture | (kun-**jeck**-chur)

Answer 161

n. inference based on inconclusive or incomplete evidence ## Footnote The scientist's paper was criticized by his peers for being based purely on _conjecture_. Prefix: *con-* (from Latin, meaning "together" or "with"); Root: *ject* (from Latin *jacere*, meaning "to throw")

Question 162

# Define: consternation | (kon-stur-**nehy**-shun)

Answer 162

n. a state of confused terror or apprehension ## Footnote A feeling of _consternation_ filled the room as the teacher began to hand back papers immediately after the students had handed them in. Prefix: *con-* (from Latin, meaning "together" or "with"); Root: *stern* (from Latin *sternere*, meaning "to spread out" or "to stretch")

Question 163

# Define: consummate | (v. **kon**-suh-meyt; adj. **kon**-suh-muht)

Answer 163

v. to make complete or perfect adj. perfect in every aspect ## Footnote The team's victory was _consummated_ by a spontaneous celebration on the field. Prefix: *con-* (from Latin, meaning "together" or "with"); Root: *sum* (from Latin *summus*, meaning "highest")

Question 164

# Define: contention | (kun-**ten**-shun)

Answer 164

n. a point or argument in a debate n. a competition ## Footnote The ceasefire is holding, but a few points of _contention_ must still be resolved before a final peace can be reached. Prefix: *con-* (from Latin, meaning "together" or "with"); Root: *tent* (from Latin *tendere*, meaning "to stretch")

Question 165

# Define: contrite | (kun-**trahyt**)

Answer 165

adj. full of remorse ## Footnote The letter explained that he was truly _contrite_ and wanted to apologize in person. Prefix: *con-* (from Latin, meaning "together" or "with"); Root: *trite* (from Latin *terere*, meaning "to rub")

Question 166

# Define: convalesce | (kon-vuh-**less**)

Answer 166

v. to recover ## Footnote After the accident, Tom was told to _convalesce_ for at least two weeks. Prefix: *con-* (from Latin, meaning "together" or "with"); Root: *valesc* (from Latin *valescere*, meaning "to grow strong")

Question 167

# Define: deleterious | (dell-uh-**teer**-ee-us)

Answer 167

adj. causing harm or damage ## Footnote It is now common knowledge that smoking is _deleterious_ to one's health. Root: *deleter* (from Greek *deleterios*, meaning "destroyer"); Suffix: *-ious* (forming adjectives, meaning "having the quality of")

Question 168

# Define: demagogue | (**dem**-uh-gog)

Answer 168

n. a speaker who targets his or her audience's emotions or prejudices ## Footnote The candidate's opponent accused him of being a _demagogue_ and relying upon the public's fear of change. Prefix: *demo-* (from Greek *demos*, meaning "people"); Root: *agogue* (from Greek *agogos*, meaning "leader")

Question 169

# Define: denigrate | (**den**-ih-grehyt)

Answer 169

v. to attack the reputation of ## Footnote The columnist _denigrated_ the baseball coach for his string of high-profile losses. Prefix: *de-* (from Latin, meaning "down" or "away"); Root: *nigr* (from Latin *niger*, meaning "black")

Question 170

# Define: denote | (dih-**noht**)

Answer 170

v. to mark or indicate ## Footnote The red text on her report card _denoted_ which classes she was failing. Prefix: *de-* (from Latin, meaning "down" or "away"); Root: *note* (from Latin *notare*, meaning "to mark" or "to note")

Question 171

# Define: desiccate | (**dess**-ih-kehyt)

Answer 171

v. to cause to lose moisture ## Footnote Mary had her wart removed at the doctor's office by _desiccating_ it. Prefix: *de-* (from Latin, meaning "down" or "away"); Root: *siccat* (from Latin *siccare*, meaning "to dry")

Question 172

# Define: despond | (dih-**spond**)

Answer 172

v. to become dejected ## Footnote His campaign team _desponded_ when they heard the official results of the election. Prefix: *de-* (from Latin, meaning "down" or "away"); Root: *spond* (from Latin *spondere*, meaning "to promise")

Question 173

# Define: desultory | (**dess**-uhl-tore-ee)

Answer 173

adj. having no plan or purpose; random ## Footnote The _desultory_ thoughts running through Mick's mind prevented him from concentrating on the essay he had to write. Prefix: *de-* (from Latin, meaning "down" or "away"); Root: *sult* (from Latin *salire*, meaning "to jump")

Question 174

# Define: diatribe | (**die**-uh-trahyb)

Answer 174

n. a harsh rant or critical review ## Footnote After hours of waiting with me in the lobby, my mother began her usual _diatribe_ on the various failings of airport management. Prefix: *dia-* (from Greek, meaning "through" or "across"); Root: *tribe* (from Greek *tribein*, meaning "to rub")

Question 175

# Define: discrete | (diss-**kreet**)

Answer 175

adj. distinctly separate ## Footnote The U.S. government has three _discrete_ branches: the judiciary, the legislature, and the executive. Prefix: *dis-* (from Latin, meaning "apart" or "away"); Root: *cret* (from Latin *cernere*, meaning "to separate")

Question 176

# Define: disparage | (dih-**spare**-idj)

Answer 176

v. to express a negative opinion of ## Footnote She _disparaged_ her friend behind his back, yet praised him to his face. Prefix: *dis-* (from Latin, meaning "apart" or "away"); Root: *par* (from Latin *par*, meaning "equal")

Question 177

# Define: disparate | (**diss**-puh-rit)

Answer 177

adj. completely different ## Footnote The two had such _disparate_ opinions on the topic that it seemed impossible for them to work together effectively. Prefix: *dis-* (from Latin, meaning "apart" or "away"); Root: *par* (from Latin *par*, meaning "equal")

Question 178

# Define: dispassionate | (diss-**pash**-ih-nut)

Answer 178

adj. unbiased; objective ## Footnote A _dispassionate_ judge will favor neither the prosecution nor the defense. Prefix: *dis-* (from Latin, meaning "apart" or "away"); Root: *passion* (from Latin *passio*, meaning "suffering" or "feeling")

Question 179

# Define: disposed | (diss-**pohzd**)

Answer 179

adj. having a tendency or partiality to ## Footnote Kate was particularly stubborn when she was angry and was not _disposed_ to listen to reason. Prefix: *dis-* (from Latin, meaning "apart" or "away"); Root: *pose* (from Latin *ponere*, meaning "to place")

Question 180

# Define: tendentious | (ten-**den**-chuss)

Answer 180

adj. exhibiting a trend; having an ulterior motive or bias ## Footnote Wendy's _tendentious_ assessment of the war mentions only its positive effects, skipping over the negative points. Root: *tend* (from Latin *tendere*, meaning "to stretch" or "to aim"); Suffix: *-ious* (forming adjectives, meaning "having the quality of")

Question 181

# Name the vocab term: n. inference based on inconclusive or incomplete evidence ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "c"*

Answer 181

conjecture ## Footnote synonyms: assumption, guess, presumption, hypothesis, speculation, inference His _conjecture_ about the missing documents turned out to be correct.

Question 182

# Fill in the blank: The sudden news of the layoffs caused \_\_\_\_\_\_ among the employees. ## Footnote ***Hint:*** *Starts with "c" and means "feelings of dismay or anxiety".*

Answer 182

consternation ## Footnote *consternation (kon-stur-**nehy**-shun)* n. a state of confused terror or apprehension

Question 183

# Name the vocab term: v. to make complete or perfect adj. perfect in every aspect ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "c"*

Answer 183

consummate ## Footnote synonyms: fulfill, finish, achieve; flawless, complete, ideal, supreme The artist hoped to _consummate_ his vision with this final piece. Her performance was _consummate_, leaving the audience in awe.

Question 184

# Fill in the blank: His \_\_\_\_\_\_ that the policy would benefit the economy was met with skepticism. ## Footnote ***Hint:*** *Starts with "c" and means "a heated disagreement".*

Answer 184

contention ## Footnote *contention (kun-**ten**-shun)* n. a point or argument in a debate n. a competition

Question 185

# Name the vocab term: adj. full of remorse ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "c"*

Answer 185

contrite ## Footnote synonyms: regretful, atoning, remorseful, penitent, apologetic, repentant She felt _contrite_ after realizing the hurt she had caused her friend.

Question 186

# Fill in the blank: After her surgery, she needed several weeks to \_\_\_\_\_\_. ## Footnote ***Hint:*** *Starts with "c" and means "to recover health after illness".*

Answer 186

convalesce ## Footnote *convalesce (kon-vuh-**less**)* v. to recover

Question 187

# Name the vocab term: adj. causing harm or damage ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "d"*

Answer 187

deleterious ## Footnote synonyms: destructive, injurious, hurtful, harmful, detrimental, dangerous The chemicals in the product were found to have _deleterious_ effects on health.

Question 188

# Fill in the blank: The politician was criticized as a \_\_\_\_\_\_ for exploiting public fears. ## Footnote ***Hint:*** *Starts with "d" and means "a leader who gains power by stirring emotions".*

Answer 188

demagogue ## Footnote *demagogue (**dem**-uh-gog)* n. a speaker who targets his or her audience's emotions or prejudices

Question 189

# Name the vocab term: v. to attack the reputation of ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "d"*

Answer 189

denigrate ## Footnote synonyms: malign, slander, defame, disparage, belittle, vilify The article aimed to _denigrate_ her achievements and undermine her credibility.

Question 190

# Fill in the blank: The red color on the map \_\_\_\_\_\_ areas of high risk. ## Footnote ***Hint:*** *Starts with "d" and means "to indicate or be a sign of".*

Answer 190

denotes ## Footnote *denote (dih-**noht**)* v. to mark or indicate

Question 191

# Name the vocab term: v. to cause to lose moisture ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "d"*

Answer 191

desiccate ## Footnote synonyms: dehydrate, dry out, evaporate, parch, wither The hot sun will _desiccate_ the soil if it is not watered regularly.

Question 192

# Fill in the blank: She sank into \_\_\_\_\_\_ after hearing the bad news. ## Footnote ***Hint:*** *Starts with "d" and means "to lose hope or confidence".*

Answer 192

despond ## Footnote *despond (dih-**spond**)* v. to become dejected

Question 193

# Name the vocab term: adj. having no plan or purpose; random ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "d"*

Answer 193

desultory ## Footnote synonyms: aimless, erratic, random, haphazard, disconnected His _desultory_ remarks during the meeting left everyone confused about his position.

Question 194

# Fill in the blank: The critic's \_\_\_\_\_\_ against the film was scathing and left no stone unturned. ## Footnote ***Hint:*** *Starts with "d" and means "a bitter verbal attack".*

Answer 194

diatribe ## Footnote *diatribe (**die**-uh-trahyb)* n. a harsh rant or critical review

Question 195

# Name the vocab term: adj. distinctly separate ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "d"*

Answer 195

discrete ## Footnote synonyms: detached, disconnected, separate, distinct, individual, isolated The data was divided into _discrete_ categories for easier analysis.

Question 196

# Fill in the blank: She felt hurt when her colleague chose to \_\_\_\_\_\_ her efforts publicly. ## Footnote ***Hint:*** *Starts with "d" and means "to speak badly of or belittle".*

Answer 196

disparage ## Footnote *disparage (dih-**spare**-idj)* v. to express a negative opinion of

Question 197

# Name the vocab term: adj. completely different ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "d"*

Answer 197

disparate ## Footnote synonyms: contrary, unlike, various, distinct, diverse, heterogeneous The two proposals were so _disparate_ that it was hard to compare them.

Question 198

# Fill in the blank: As a \_\_\_\_\_\_ observer, he was able to provide fair feedback. ## Footnote ***Hint:*** *Starts with "d" and means "not influenced by emotion".*

Answer 198

dispassionate ## Footnote *dispassionate (diss-**pash**-ih-nut)* adj. unbiased; objective

Question 199

# Name the vocab term: adj. having a tendency or partiality to ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "d"*

Answer 199

disposed ## Footnote synonyms: inclined, prone to, willing, apt, susceptible He seemed _disposed_ to agree with the majority opinion.

Question 200

# Fill in the blank: The article had a \_\_\_\_\_\_ slant, clearly favoring one political party. ## Footnote ***Hint:*** *Starts with "t" and means "expressing a biased viewpoint".*

Answer 200

tendentious ## Footnote *tendentious (ten-**den**-chuss)* adj. exhibiting a trend adj. having an ulterior motive or bias