Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pediatrics > Assessment of Kids 32 > Flashcards

Assessment of Kids 32 Flashcards

1
Q

What does the focus of the assessment depend on?

A

Purpose of visit and needs of the child

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the foundation upon which the nurse determines the needs of the child?

A

A thorough and thoughtful assessment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What will a health history provide the nurse?

A

A picture of the child’s experiences and highlights areas of concerns

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

When should you gather materials for an interview?

A

Before the interview begins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What should you consider before/during taking a health history?

A
  • Family roles/values
  • Age/developmental stage of child
  • Observe child-parent interaction
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What to do when approaching the caregiver?

A
  • greet parent/child by name
  • occupy child
  • open ended questions
  • be patient
  • keep parents focused
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How to approach the child?

A
  • professionally friendly
  • NO white coats
  • appear non-threatening
  • catch child’s attention
  • approach at eye level
  • give child some control
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

You should always approach a child at what level?

A

Eye level

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Communicating w/ Toddler/Preschool

A
  • involve in convo and verify w/ parent

- point to where it hurts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Communicating w/ School-aged Children

A
  • get all info from child first

- fill in the gaps w/ parents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Communicating w/ Adolescents

A
  • establish trust
  • ask if they want family in the room
  • ask about interest
  • be careful w/ non-verbal com
  • do NOT use slang words
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Therapeutic Communication Techniques

A
  • active listening
  • open-ended questions
  • eliminate barriers
  • establish medical home
  • questionnaires
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What should you establish w/ questionnaires?

A
  • appropriate reading level

- primary language

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the components of a health history?

A
  • demographics
  • past health history
  • review of systems
  • family history
  • developmental history
  • functional history
  • home environment
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Demographics

A

name, birthday, gender, primary language

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Past Health History

A

allergies, immunizations, operations, medication, menstrual history, health problems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How far back should you go in the families health history?

A

3 generations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Developmental History

A

milestones, speech, feeding, daycare/school

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Functional History

A

dental, nutrition, physical activity, tv time, sleep, elimination, sexual activity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Home Environment

A
  • who lives in the home
  • do parents work
  • when was their home built
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

How to prepare for the physical examination?

A
  • gather supplies
  • one tool at a time
  • toys/distractions
  • be confident
  • warm is better than cold
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

When should you count the babies respiratory and heart rate?

A

before undressing the baby

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

When is it best to examine the infant?

A

1-2 hours before feeding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What to do for Baby Physical Exam?

A
  • parent/caregiver hold baby
  • auscultate heart, lungs, and abdomen while quiet
  • head-to-toe assessment
  • warm hands and stethoscope
  • soft soothing voice
  • bright colors
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What to do for Toddler Exam?

A
  • incorporate play
  • sit with caregiver/parent
  • let them touch equipment
  • praise them
  • tell them what you’re going to do
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What to do for Preschooler Exam?

A
  • may fear body invasion
  • withdraw from procedure viewed as intrusive
  • have sense of initiative
  • give them choices
  • praise them
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What to do for School Age Exam?

A
  • be concrete, objective, and realistic
  • do NOT use medical jargon
  • explain how things work
  • privacy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What to do for Teen Exam?

A
  • provide privacy
  • attitude of respect
  • head-to-toe approach
  • limit exposure to area being examined
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Steps of Physical Examination

A

Observation
Palpation
Percussion
Auscultation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

How would you take the temperature of a child < 3 years?

A

pull earlobe back and down

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

How would you take the temperature of a child > 3 years?

A

pull earlobe up and back

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Infant heart rate

A

80-150

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Infant respirations

A

25-55

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Toddler heart rate

A

70-120

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Toddler respirations

A

20-30

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Preschool heart rate

A

65-110

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Preschool respirations

A

20-25

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

School-age heart rate

A

60-100

39
Q

School-age respirations

A

14-22

40
Q

Adolescent heart rate

A

55-95

41
Q

Adolescent respirations

A

12-18

42
Q

Where should you check a child < 10 years pulse?

A

Apical pulse

43
Q

Where should you check a child > 10 years pulse?

A

Radial pulse

44
Q

How should you count the infant’s respiratory rate?

A

by abdominal movements

45
Q

After age 1 how should you count a child’s respiratory rate?

A

thoracic movement

46
Q

How do you check a child’s oxygen saturation?

A
  • finger, toe, ear, foot, or forehead
  • don’t restrict blood flow
  • cover the sensor to prevent disruption from ambient light
47
Q

How often should a child > 3 years have their blood pressure checked?

A

once during every healthcare visit

48
Q

When should you check a child < 3 years BP?

A

if they have risk factors

49
Q

What are the risk factors for checking a child < 3 years BP?

A
  • history of prematurity; low birth weight
  • congenital heart disease
  • recurrent UTI, hematuria, proteinuria
  • malignancy, organ transplant
  • increased intracranial pressure
50
Q

Which pain scale should be used for children too young to verbally or conceptually quantify pain?

A

FLACC pain scale

51
Q

Older children that can express how pain is worsening or improving should use which pain scale?

A

Pain Faces Scale

52
Q

What ages should have their head circumference checked?

A

children < 2

53
Q

The length of the child in a lying position should be taken until what age?

A

2 years

54
Q

Should you weigh an infant with their diaper?

A

No, remove just before weighing

55
Q

What percentiles are considered normal growth?

A

5th-90th percentile

56
Q

Acrocyanosis

A

normal blueness of the hands and feet in babies

57
Q

Mottling

A

vasomotor response to warming or cooling

58
Q

Dark pigmentation

A

babies will start out paler than parents until melanocytes begin production

59
Q

Hyperpigmentation

A

common in dark skinned infant’s areolas, genitals, linea nigra

60
Q

Lanugo

A

soft, downy hair on the body, particularly the face and back

61
Q

Salmon nevi

A

light pink macule usually on eyelids, nasal bridge, or back of neck; birth marks

62
Q

Strawberry Nevus

A

raised reddish papule made of blood vessels

63
Q

Nevus flammeus

A

“port wine stain”; dark purple-red flat patch, grows with the child

64
Q

Ecchymosis

A

purplish discoloration changing to blue, brown, black

65
Q

What is the key indicator for good health?

A

good growth

66
Q

When measuring a child’s height what should you ALWAYS ask them to do?

A

take off their shoes

67
Q

Mongolian Spots

A

hyper-pigmented nevi, looks likes bruising

68
Q

Petechiae

A

pin point purple-blueish rash; common in patients who vomit or cough frequently; also in children with leukemia

69
Q

Skin Assessment Palpation

A 
temperature 
moisture
texture 
turgor 
edema
70
Q

What are the two fontanels?

A

Posterior and Anterior

71
Q

Which fontanel is smaller and closes around 2 months?

A

Posterior

72
Q

Anterior Fontanel

A

larger fontanel; closes around 9-18 months

73
Q

What does a sunken fontanel indicate?

A

dehydration

74
Q

Large fontanels may be associated with what?

A

Down syndrome or congenital hypothyroidism

75
Q

PERRLA

A

pupils are equal, round, and react to light and accommodate

76
Q

Low set ears may indicate what?

A

down syndrome

77
Q

If a fontanel continues to grow larger it could indicate what?

A

hydrocephalus

78
Q

Foul discharge from the ear would indicate what?

A

ear infection

79
Q

Ear tags

A

extra skin near the ear

80
Q

Abdomen assessment you would report?

A

firmness
tenderness
masses

81
Q

Why is it important to inspect an infants clavicles?

A

may fracture during labor

82
Q

Why is it important to inspect an infants hips?

A

congenital hip dysplasia

83
Q

Neuro Assessment

A 
LOC
Balance 
Coordination
Sensory testing 
Reflexes
84
Q

A capillary refill less than 3 seconds indicates what?

A

adequate perfusion

85
Q

Heart rate can increase with what?

A

inspiration

86
Q

Heart rate can decrease with what?

A

exhalation

87
Q

Sinus arrhythmia

A

common and normal in children/adolescents

88
Q

Grade 1 Heart Murmur

A

soft murmur heard only under quiet conditions

89
Q

Grade 2 Heart Murmur

A

soft murmur heard even under noisy conditions

90
Q

Grade 3 HM

A

easily heard prominent murmurs

91
Q

Grade 4 HM

A

Loud murmur associated w/ a thrill

92
Q

Grade 5 HM

A

Loud murmur w/ edge of stethoscope tilted against chest plus thrill

93
Q

Grade 6 HM

A

Very loud can be heard 5 mm to 10 mm from the chest plus thrill

Pediatrics (24 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions