B1 - Evolution Flashcards Preview

GCSE Biology > B1 - Evolution > Flashcards

Flashcards in B1 - Evolution Deck (15)
Loading flashcards...
0
Q

What was Lamarck’s theory of evolution?

A
  • All organisms were linked by a fountain of life.
  • Useful changes were developed.
  • Useless features shrunk and were lost.
1
Q

What is the theory of evolution?

A

All species evolved from simple life forms that first developed 3 billion years ago.

2
Q

Why wasn’t Lamarck’s theory of evolution widely accepted?

A
  • There was no evidence of the fountain of life.
  • People didn’t like the idea of being descended form worms.
  • People saw changes weren’t necessarily passed on to their children.
3
Q

Explain natural selection.

A
  • Reproduction gives more offspring than the environment can support.
  • Only those with inherited features most suited to the environment survived.
  • When they breed, the useful characteristic genes are passed on.
4
Q

Why did it take so long for Darwin to publish his ideas?

A

He needed to amount a considerable sum of evidence.

5
Q

Give three examples of evidence that Darwin used to support his theory of natural selection.

A
  • The organisms on different islands.
  • Breeding experiments with pigeons.
  • Study of barnacles.
6
Q

Give three reasons Darwin’s ideas not accepted quickly.

A
  • The theory of evolution challenged the idea of God.
  • Scientists didn’t think there was enough evidence.
  • There was no way to explain why variety and inheritance happened.
7
Q

What is a mutation?

A

Change in the genetic material which results in a new form of gene.

8
Q

What is classification?

A

The organisation of living things into groups according to their similarities.

9
Q

Why is classification useful?

A

It helps scientists understand evolutionary and ecological relationships.

10
Q

What is the biggest group in a classification system?

A

Kingdoms.

11
Q

How are organisms put into kingdoms?

A

They have many differences but some fundamental similarities.

12
Q

What is the smallest group in a classification system?

A

Species

13
Q

What is an evolutionary tree?

A

A classification which shows the evolutionary links between organisms.

14
Q

What is an ecological relationship?

A

How species have evolved together in an environment.