chapter 13

Question 1

who was Warren Harding

Answer 1

1912 us senator
1920 president
well liked and outward going

Question 2

How did Harding do in the 1920s election

Answer 2

He won 60% of electoral college vote. Failed to penetrate solid south

Question 3

what were the reasons for Harding’s victory

Answer 3

good campaigner and weak democrats.

Question 3

What was hardings campaign against Wilson

Answer 3

He ignored James cox and focused his campaign on Wilson and as a result managed to paint the democrats as disconnected

Question 4

How was hardings presidency a return to 96

Answer 4

Their was a Close relationship between goverment and Buisness, Harding famously said “less government in Buisness more Buisness in government”

Question 5

What act was passed in 1922

Answer 5

Fordney mccumber tarrif Act, pushed tarrifs to higher levels, there was support for this due to post war prosperity and rising living standards.

Question 6

What did the appointment of Andrew Mellon bring

Answer 6

• he was a firm believer in free markets and minimal regulation of big buisness
• melon plan of 1923 aimed to reduce taxes and debt

Question 7

What was the budget and accounting act

Answer 7

Made departments submit budgets to the president for approval,government totalled 5 billion in 1920 fell to 3.3 billion in 1922

Question 8

What was hardings stance on AAs

Answer 8

He supported anti lynching laws

Question 9

What was the Ohio gang

Answer 9

Harding appointed some of his Ohio cronies

Question 10

What was the issue with the veterans beaureau

Answer 10

It was said that around $250 million had been misappropriated or wasted

Question 11

How did Calvin Coolidge do in the 1924 election

Answer 11

Easy win, showed little prospect of a democrat return
Showed the decline in demand for progressivism

Question 12

What was Coolidge tarrif policy

Answer 12

No reform followed and supported work of Harding with the ford mccumbney act

Question 13

How did Coolidge collaborate with melon

Answer 13

Coolidge believe in small goverment and low taxes he reappointed melon as secutary of treasury and backed the melon plan

Question 14

What was the 1924 revenue act

Answer 14

Made big curs in income tax

Question 15

Should Coolidge be remembered as a good president

Answer 15

Coolidge restored credibility being a man of the people,

Question 16

What was hoovers belief of self reliance

Answer 16

He believed that people should be responsible for themselves and that goverment should not intervene.
He famously said “economic wounds must be healed by producers and consumers”

Question 17

What was hoovers belief of rugged individualism

Answer 17

Hoover was also a firm believer in rugged individualism reflected in his book “American individualism” published In 1922.

Question 18

What due hoover faumously say reiterating voluntarism

Answer 18

“A voluntary deed is infintley more precious than a thousand deeds from the treasury”

Question 19

What did statement did hoover run on in the 1928 election

Answer 19

“USA is nearer to financial triumph over poverty than ever before”

Question 20

What did melon believe about the crash

Answer 20

“He believed it would purge out rottenness in society”

Question 21

Why did hoover not switch to a kenynesiaism approach

Answer 21

Congress opposed defecit spending
Congress and public were suspicious of big government

Question 22

What was the impact the Hawley smoot tarrif act

Answer 22

Farming was really badly affected by the tarrif. Unemployment increases, national trade decreased, American exports plummeted. Contributed to economic spiral.

Question 23

Agricultural marketng act 1930

Answer 23

This enabled goverment to lend money to farmers aiming to ensure produce was sold as a profit

Question 24

what was the grain stabilization coop oration

Answer 24

passed in 1930, tried to guarantee fair prices, they bought wheat and stored it in the hope that prices would go back up. however they continued to drop.

Question 25

impact of the depression on farmers

Answer 25

agriculture was already struggling, the introduction of big farms and the dust bowl conditions meant many farmers had their farms seized by the banks and they became tenant farmers.

Question 26

what was Hoovers belief in voluntarism

Answer 26

He wanted to encourage government and business to be voluntary in helping solve issues. this was in order to balance the budget and prevent deficit spending

Question 27

how many people did the hoover dam employ

Answer 27

21,000

Question 28

how much did hoover invest to help agencies provide relief

Answer 28

500 million

Question 29

what was the reconstruction finance corporation

Answer 29

January 1932 was the most radical measure introduced by hoover and was the forerunner to Roosevelts new deal. It lent up to $2 billion to rescue banks, insurance companies, railroads and construction companies.

Question 30

what was the home loan bank act

Answer 30

1932 - was set up to stimulate housing and home ownership, twelve regional banks were set up with a fund of 12 million dollars.

Question 31

what was the emergency relief act

Answer 31

1932 gave 300 million in order for state govs to help with unemployed

Question 32

what was the revenue act 1932

Answer 32

raised income tax from 25% to 63% reduced consumer demand in a time of falling investor power.

Question 33

what were the reasons for the bonus army march

Answer 33

veterans who were told they would get a bonus in 1945 for their service.

Question 34

what happened in the bonus army march

Answer 34

12,000 marched to dc in june 1932, congress sent in army to try and control. led by douglas mcarthur they destroyed hooverille killing a 100 and 1 baby.

Question 35

what was the result of bonus march

Answer 35

- reduction in popularity - hoover overruled 226 - 175 in favor of immediate payment - they were given a payment for travel fees.

Question 36

what quotes were said that furthered isolated hoover

Answer 36

" thank god you have a president that knows how to deal with a mob" "tramps and hoodlums with a generous sprinkle of communist agitators"

Question 37

what was hoover advised by economists

Answer 37

vetoe the hawley smoot tarriff act

Question 38

what were hoovers biggest errors

Answer 38

- not veoting tarrif act - bonus army - lack of charisma