Chapter 15

Question 1

If you are experiencing difficulty place an endotracheal tube into a patient, you should:

Answer 1

Use Magill forceps to help guide the tube.

Question 2

Diffusing gases will move from:

Answer 2

An area of higher concentration to one of lower concentration.

Question 3

Which French catheter size would you use for a premature infant?

Answer 3

5

Question 4

The average adult stomach can hold approximately what amount of contents?

Answer 4

1.4 L

Question 5

The larynx sit immediately superior to the:

Answer 5

Trachea.

Question 6

In which position should you place an adult patient’s head prior to performing endotracheal intubation?

Answer 6

Sniffing.

Question 7

A change in vascular resistance, which would alter blood volume circulation, would most likely manifest with:

Answer 7

Orthostatic hypotension.

Question 8

Nasotracheal intubation is contraindicated if a patient has:

Answer 8

Head or nasal trauma.

Question 9

What would most likely cause severe upper airway edema?

Answer 9

Aggressive intubation

Question 10

What would have the most dramatic effect on decreasing oxygenation of tissues?

Answer 10

Blocked capillary flow in the lung.

Question 11

Even with proper safety precautions, a paramedic giving rescue breaths to a patient via pocket mask can:

Answer 11

Hyperventilate the patient.

Question 12

A patient receiving supplemental oxygen could be receiving air with what percentage of oxygen gas?

Answer 12

30%

Question 13

When initiating airway management on a patient, the paramedic should:

Answer 13

Ensure the airway is clear of debris.

Question 14

Gastric distention causes breathing problems because:

Answer 14

The movement of the diaphragm is restricted.

Question 15

The best size catheter to use for a needle cricothyroctomy is a(n):

Answer 15

12 gauge

Question 16

To clear the pharynx of vomitus, the paramedic should use a(n):

Answer 16

tonsil-tip catheter.

Question 17

What would you most likely observe when administering a depolarizing agent prior to intubation?

Answer 17

Fasciculations.

Question 18

A non-rebreathing mask is used to administer high-flow oxygen to significantly hypoxemic patients who:

Answer 18

Are otherwise breathing normally.

Question 19

A patient has poor tissue oxygenation secondary to a systemic Illness. What is the most likely cause?

Answer 19

Infection.

Question 20

A patient receiving continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) or bilevel positive airway pressure (BPAP) therapy should be:

Answer 20

Sitting up.

Question 21

An endotracheal tube internal diameter of how many milimeters should be used for a large child?

Answer 21

6

Question 22

An oropharyngeal airway is contraindicated for patients with:

Answer 22

A gag reflex.

Question 23

Extubation of a patient:

Answer 23

Will probably require suction.

Question 24

If you suspect that an unconscious patient has experience a spinal injury, you should open his or her airway by:

Answer 24

Placing your fingers behind the angle of the jaw and lifting the jaw forward.

Question 25

Negative pressure ventilation occurs when:

Answer 25

Air is drawn into the lungs when intrathoracic pressure decreases.

Question 26

Pulse oximetry is used to measure the:

Answer 26

Percentage of hemoglobin that is saturated with oxygen.

Question 27

Stronger thoracic muscles would probably allow for greater:

Answer 27

Compliance.

Question 28

The fraction of inspired oxygen (FIO2) increases with:

Answer 28

supplemental oxygen.

Question 29

The upper airway of an adult consists of all the structures above the:

Answer 29

Glottis

Question 29

What is the most effective means of dislodging a mild airway obstruction in a patient?

Answer 29

Encourage the patient to forcefully cough.

Question 30

When intubating a patient with a suspected spinal injury, the paramedic should:

Answer 30

Have a colleague manually stabilize the head.

Question 31

You should suspect that an adult who is breathing at which rate is have trouble regulating breathing?

Answer 31

6 breaths/min

Question 32

A conscious infant with a severe upper airway obstruction caused by a foreign body should:

Answer 32

Receive five back blows.

Question 33

A paramedic will be most protected from disease transmission when giving rescue breaths if:

Answer 33

A mouth-to-mask technique with a one-way valve is used.

Question 34

A typical oxygen cylinder that is taken to the patient's side:

Answer 34

Green and white.

Question 35

A video largyngoscope provides a better view of the:

Answer 35

Epiglottis.

Question 36

CPAP and bilevel positive airway pressure (BPAP) are contraindicated in patients who:

Answer 36

Are in respiratory arrest.

Question 37

Disruption of the phrenic nerves would alter the function of the:

Answer 37

Diaphragm.

Question 38

How many alveoli are in a typical human lung?

Answer 38

100,000,000s

Question 39

If abdominal distention occurs after endotracheal intubation, you should suspect that the endotracheal tube is in the:

Answer 39

Esophagus.

Question 40

If you were standing in Death Valley, well below sea level, which pressure would be the lowest?

Answer 40

Intrathoracic.

Question 41

In what situation is endotracheal intubation clearly indicated?

Answer 41

The patient cannot be ventilated by other means.

Question 42

Most people who die of upper airway obstructions each year are:

Answer 42

Children.

Question 43

Oxygen diffusion from a capillary to a cell in the connective tissue of the lung is called:

Answer 43

Internal Respiration.

Question 44

Prior to intubating a patient, you should:

Answer 44

Oxygenate with a bag-mask device.

Question 45

The exchange of gases in the lungs would be greatly impaired if there were:

Answer 45

Insufficient surfactant.

Question 46

What size endotracheal tube would most likely be used on an average-sized adult female?

Answer 46

7 mm

Question 47

What would most likely interrupt nervous system control of breathing?

Answer 47

Drugs.

Question 48

Which size French catheter should you use when treating a toddler?

Answer 48

10