Chapter 4

Question 1

1. Without sensitivity to cultural differences, providers will:

a. likely be effective from the outset because of the core conditions
b. likely be ineffective from the outset because attempts to assess alcohol and drug involvement will be met with therapeutic resistance’s
c. likely be effective because mental health professionals understand cultural sensitivity
d. still be viewed as helpful

Answer 1

b

Question 2

2. All of the following are methodological problems found in the research on the relationship between ethnically diverse populations and drug use, except:

a. lack of compatible interview schedules
b. over-use of retrospective self reports
c. the possible under-sampling of persons in stable living conditions
d. lack of combining observations and surveys to insure that the meanings of certain questions are understood

Answer 2

c

Question 3

3. Native Americans and Alaska Natives have

a. lower rates of substance abuse than other non-native populations
b. have similar rates of substance abuse than other non-native populations
c. have higher rates of substance abuse than other non-native populations

Answer 3

c

Question 4

4. Many Native American tribes originally believed that alcohol:

a. was a devil spirit
b. was a spirit reincarnated
c. had magical powers
d. was a blessing

Answer 4

c

Question 5

5. In what year was the Indians Prohibition Act passed?

a. 1872
b. 1914
c. 1832
d. 1772

Answer 5

c

Question 6

6. Today, what percentages of all U.S. reservation are under a self-imposed system of prohibition?

a. 40%
b. 20%
c. 70%
d. 80%

Answer 6

c

Question 7

7. Marlatt and VandenBos assessed Native American youth for risk of substance abuse. Of all the categories assessed, which had the highest positive correlation to overall risk?

a. early use of alcohol
b. early use of crack/cocaine
c. lifetime smokeless tobacco use
d. quality of family relationships

Answer 7

c

Question 8

8. According to the sociocultural theory discussed in the text, Native Americans are mourning the loss of:

a. family
b. land
c. heritage/culture
d. tribes

Answer 8

c

Question 9

9. For Native Americans, time is seen as:

a. linear
b. cyclical
c. unemployment
d. free

Answer 9

b

Question 10

10. The value of “noninterference” suggests that Native American parents might:

a. scold children for making drinking
b. nurture their children while allowing them to learn from their mistakes regarding the use of a substance
c. punish children and withdraw from them if they used alcohol
d. not have contact with children if they used alcohol

Answer 10

b

Question 11

11. It has been suggested that _____% of all Native American deaths are related to alcohol.

a. 90
b. 35
c. 50
d. 75

Answer 11

d

Question 12

12. In studies of acculturation, researchers found

a. support for acculturation shaping drinking habits among Asian Americans
b. no support for acculturation shaping drinking habits of Asian Americans
c. support for old world immigrants’ drinking habits
d. there have been no studies on acculturation

Answer 12

a

Question 13

13. According to the text, there is a __________ rate of abstinence that occurs among Native American populations.

a. low
b. high
c. minimal
d. moderate

Answer 13

b

Question 14

14. “Serious drinkers” have been identified in the research on Native American drinking as:

a. those males and females from more stable financial backgrounds
b. individuals from lower socioeconomic backgrounds
c. highly educated Native American women only
d. financially successful men only

Answer 14

b

Question 15

15. According to the text, many Asian cultures use alcohol __________.

a. for rituals
b. as a means to punish children
c. as a means to heighten consciousness
d. to develop intricate melodies in religious songs

Answer 15

a

Question 16

16. Concerning Native Americans,

a. researchers found that living in a single-family home posed no increased harmful effects if others were using
b. there is not a great deal of literature regarding effects of living in homes where there is drug use
c. researchers found that only females were affected by drug use in the home
d. researchers found that only older teens were affected by drug use in the home

Answer 16

b

Question 17

17. In some Asian cultures, it is considered acceptable for an employee to be frank:

a. with one’s boss when either is drunk
b. only when the boss is drunk
c. only when the employee is drunk
d. and to come to work drunk if one’s complaints were not addressed

Answer 17

a

Question 18

18. What is the prevailing view of alcohol in traditional Chinese culture?

a. it is a generational curse
b. it most often signifies a lack of restraint
c. it is highly valued by both men and women
d. it is seen as a major source of relaxation

Answer 18

b

Question 19

19. In traditional Korean culture, alcohol is used:

a. to celebrate
b. to mourn
c. to feel good and find friends
d. all the above

Answer 19

d

Question 20

20. According to 1964 study by Lemert, numerous ___________ wives left their husbands due to his heavy drinking and physical abuse.

a. Native American
b. Latino
c. Polynesian
d. Samoan

Answer 20

d

Question 21

21. In the Asian/Pacific Islander community, the greatest obligation is toward one’s

a. grandparents
b. parents
c. children
d. family

Answer 21

b

Question 22

22. According to a study by Burns and D’Avanzo, it takes approximately ten years or more for many Asian Americans to find economic security, and as a result, the pressure to succeed causes an increase in risk for:

a. suicide
b. divorce
c. AOD abuse
d. physical abuse towards one’s spouse

Answer 22

c

Question 23

23. In the Asian/Pacific Islander population, communication is governed by all except:

a. birth order
b. education
c. occupation
d. family background

Answer 23

a

Question 24

24. Newly immigrated Asian/Pacific Islanders are likely:

a. to be more direct and vocal
b. to maintain self-control over facial expressions, while avoiding direct eye contact
c. to change topics in conversation
d. to speak loudly and break eye contact

Answer 24

b

Question 25

25. In some Asian American cultures, when alcohol or other drug abuse is encountered, the primary caregiver is often a. a small statue of Buddha b. a small statue of Confucius c. God d. the Shaman

Answer 25

d

Question 26

26. Which of the following is a value in Asian cultures a. dialectical thought b. children are not responsible for bringing honor to the family c. being imperfect is okay for modern Asian cultures d. perfectionism

Answer 26

d

Question 27

27. Regarding Native Hawaiians, a. there is an association between drug abuse and violence b. ethnic pride is an important protective factor c. Hawaiians who reported being happy had fewer instances of witnessing violence d. all are true

Answer 27

d

Question 28

28. According to the text, language differences within families can be seen as a risk factor for AOD abuse because it a. can lead to family resentment b. can lead to the family excelling in the English language c. can lead to jealously among family members depression d. can increase levels of individual and family stress

Answer 28

d

Question 29

29. For more acculturated Asian Americans a. religiosity is not a protective factor b. religiosity is a protective factor c. religiosity plays no role d. none of the above

Answer 29

b

Question 30

30. It has been stated that African Americans drink almost exclusively: a. twice a week b. on Fridays c. on weekends d. whenever they need to relax

Answer 30

c

Question 31

31. In studies of Asian American youth researcher a. found that immigration was not a significant factor in drug use b. found that those who had more education consumed less alcohol c. found that those with less education consumed less alcohol d. none of the above is true

Answer 31

c

Question 32

32. Research indicates that Asian American immigrants living in the U.S. longer a. had higher rates of alcoholism b. were no different than their counterparts who more recently immigrated c. had similar rates as their counterparts who more recently immigrated d. had lower rates than their counterparts who more recently immigrated

Answer 32

d

Question 33

33. Which of the following is true regarding African Americans a. adolescents in many large urban areas will not complete high school b. they are more likely to face harsher discipline in school c. have higher rates of suspension d. all are true

Answer 33

d

Question 34

34. "Child keeping" occurs when a child is reared by other family members. In what cultural group is this more likely to occur? a. African American b. Latino American c. Asian American d. Native American

Answer 34

a

Question 35

35. In an early study of inner-city youth, Brunswick found that initial use of drugs/alcohol occurred most commonly: a. at home b. on the way to school c. at school d. at a friend's house

Answer 35

b

Question 36

36. The results of several studies suggest that the drug most often used by African American youths living in Harlem is a. alcohol b. marijuana c. heroin d. psychedelics

Answer 36

a

Question 37

37. _________ is considered an important vehicle allowing for the emergence of leaders in local African American communities. a. The school b. The civic club c. The church d. both a and c

Answer 37

c

Question 38

38. According to several studies on African American drinking: a. alcohol tends to decrease disease to a moderate level b. alcohol tends to increase disease and decrease life expectancy c. alcohol appears to have no deleterious effects on disease rates d. alcohol appears to decrease life expectancy only

Answer 38

b

Question 39

39. Research on bullying among African American youth suggests a. there is less bullying in this community b. there is a similar rate of bullying incidence as compared to other youth groups c. that African American youth have higher rates of being verbally and physical bullied d. none of the above is true

Answer 39

c

Question 40

40. The traditional Latino family is: a. open b. private c. is neither open nor private d. holds onto the value of "free-will"

Answer 40

b

Question 41

41. All of the following are typical values in traditional Latino families except: a. shame b. believing oneself to be poor but honest c. pride d. all are values

Answer 41

d

Question 42

42. In traditional Latino/Hispanic families, _________ occupy a central role in the marriage. a. children b. husband c. wife d. family

Answer 42

a

Question 43

43. According to traditional culture, __________ are dependent and submissive and the __________ are dominant and controlling. a. Latino men and Latino women b. Asian men and Asian women c. African American men and African American women d. Native American men and Native American women

Answer 43

a

Question 44

44. Among African American inner-city youth a. one’s “drinking buddies” have no effect on drinking habits b. a male’s “female drinking buddies” tended to increase the male’s drinking c. social behaviors have little effect on the consumption of alcohol d. none of the above are true

Answer 44

b

Question 45

45. Sociological risk factors for substance abuse by Latino youth reflect the problems confronted in: a. homes b. schools c. churches d. neighborhoods

Answer 45

b

Question 46

46. According to the text, __________ women who consider themselves heavy drinkers are usually employed outside of the home. a. African American b. Euro-American c. Latino American d. Asian American

Answer 46

c

Question 47

47. In a research study, Bettes et al found that Latino American youth were found to have _________ ratings of internal locus of control when compared to other youths. a. the highest b. the lowest c. about average d. similar

Answer 47

b

Question 48

48. According to research, persons with disabilities misuse drugs because: a. they see is modeled by others b. of psychological trauma and social distance from the community c. their family members influence use d. there is no research on this population

Answer 48

b

Question 49

49. According to research a. African Americans make up the largest proportion of immigrants b. Asian Americans immigrants make up the largest proportion of immigrants c. Latinos d. all groups are about evenly divided in terms of number of immigrants

Answer 49

c

Question 50

50. In traditional culture, _________ are more likely to turn to family, friends or ministers in times of crisis. a. Native Americans b. African Americans c. Euro-Americans d. Latino Americans

Answer 50

b

Question 51

51. Psychosocial risk factors are usually divided into personal and social dimensions. Personal risk factors include such things as a. stress b. financial problems c. relational victimization d. All the Above

Answer 51

d

Question 52

52. Social risk factors can involve a. peer groups, families, and communities b. peer groups, families, and churches c. peer groups, siblings, and communities d. None of the Above

Answer 52

a

Question 53

53. The Baby Boomer population is comprised of a. greater ethnic and racial diversity b. higher divorce rates c. fewer children d. higher levels of education, lower poverty levels e. All the Above

Answer 53

e

Question 54

54. It is _________________ that some homeless people may view drug and alcohol use as necessary to be accepted among the homeless community a. True b. False

Answer 54

a