Common Errors in Statistical Studies Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Common Errors in Statistical Studies Deck (11)
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1
Q

selection biases

A
ascertainment (sampling) bias
nonresponse bias
Berkson bias
prevalence (neyman) bias
attrition bias
2
Q

observational bias

A

recall bias
observer bias
reporting bias
surveillance (detection) bias

3
Q

ascertainment (sampling) bias

A

study population differs from target population due to nonrandom selection methods

4
Q

nonresponse bias

A

high nonresponse rate to surveys/questionnnaires can cause errors if non responders differ in some way from responders

5
Q

Berkson bias

A

disease studied using only hospital-based patients may lead to results not applicable to target population

6
Q

prevalence (Neyman) bias

A

exposures that happen long before disease assessment can cause study to miss diseased patients that die early or recover

7
Q

attrition bias

A

significant loss of study participants may cause bias if those lost to follow-up differ significantly from remaining subjects

8
Q

recall bias

A

common in retrospective studies

subjects with negative outcomes are more likely to report certain exposures than control subjects

9
Q

observer bias

A

observers misclassify data due to individual differences in interpretation or preconceived expectations regarding the study

10
Q

reporting bias

A

subjects over- or under-report history due to perceived social stigmatization

11
Q

surveillance (detection) bias

A

risk factor itself causes increased monitoring in exposed group relative to unexposed group, which increases probability of identifying a disease