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Citow - Anatomy > Diencephalon > Flashcards

Diencephalon Flashcards

1
Q

What composes the epithalamus? What is its function?

A

Pineal gland, habenulae, stria medullaris, roof of the third ventricle

circadian rhythm, linking olfactory to the brainstem

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2
Q

The internal medullary lamina divides _____ from _____ while the external divides _____ from _____.

A

medial and VL thalamic nuclei

lateral and reticular

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3
Q

What composes the anterior nuclear group of the thalamus?

A

anteroventral
anterodorsal
anteromedial

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4
Q

What is the function of the anterior nuclear group of the thalamus?

A

regulation of visceral function

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5
Q

What is the function of the mediodorsal nuclear group?

A

Integrates somatic and visceral activities and controls affective behavior

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6
Q

A lesion of the mediodorsal nuclear group causes ______.

A

Korsakoff’s psychosis

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7
Q

What composes the intralaminar nuclear group?

A

Centromedial
Parafascicular
Rostral intralaminar

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8
Q

What is the function of the intralaminar nuclear group?

A

thalamic pacemaker for controlling electrical activities and wakefulness; interacts with RAS

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9
Q

What composes the midline nuclei of the thalamus?

A

periventricular gray

Massa intermedia

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10
Q

What composes the dorsal lateral nuclear group?

A

LD, LP, Pulvinar

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11
Q

What is the primary function of the pulvinar? What are its principle inputs and outputs?

A

extrageniculate visual pathway (secondary visual areas)

inputs from inferior colliculus and visual cortex; outputs to areas 18 and 19

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12
Q

What composes the metathalmus?

A

medial and lateral geniculate bodies

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13
Q

What composes the ventral lateral nuclear group?

A

VA, VL, VP (VPLo, VPLc, VPM, VPI)

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14
Q

The mamillothalamic tract passes through what thalamic nuceli?

A

VA

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15
Q

What is the function of VA?

A

integrating cortical and basal ganglia programming

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16
Q

What are the four thalamic peduncles?

A

Anterior: fibers from the medial and anterior thalamic nuclei → frontal lobe.

Superior: connections → sensorimotor to precentral and postcentral gyri.

Posterior: connections → visual to calcarine cortex.

Inferior: connections → auditory to Heschl’s gyri

17
Q

The habenula is involved in ______.

A

pathways of smell and basic emotions that influence visceral responses

18
Q

What endocrine hormones are secreted by the pineal gland?

A

Thyroid-releasing hormone, luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone, and somatostatin

Citow - Anatomy (16 decks)

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