endocrine 3

Question 1

complications with gastroparesis

Answer 1

• delay in gastric emptying
• autonomic neuropathy
• cause of hypoglycemia

Question 2

preventing long term kidney complications

Answer 2

1. diet and exercise
2. tight control of blood glu levels
3. eyes and vision tested yearly
4. urine microalbumin levels tested yearly

Question 3

proper foot care

Answer 3

1. clean/inspect/moisterize feet daily
2. wear proper fitting shoes but not more than 2 days in a row
3. report nonhealing wounds

Question 4

secretagogues

Answer 4

lower fasting plasma glu by triggering the release of insulin from beta cells

• sulfonylurea agents
• glipizide, glimepriride

Question 5

meglitinide analogs

Answer 5

lower fasting glu by triggering release of inslin by beta cells
-metformin

Question 6

insulin sensitizers

Answer 6

dont increase insulin secretion, decrease liver glucose prod and improve inslin receptor sensitivity

• TZDs
• pioglitazones, rosiglitazone

Question 7

alpha glucosidase inhibitors

Answer 7

prevent after meal hyperglycemia by inhibiting enzymes in the intestinal tract, reducing starch digestion and delaying carb absorption
-acarbose, miglitol

Question 8

incretin mimetics (GLP-1 agonists)

Answer 8

act like gut hormones that work w insulin to lower glu, delay gastric emptying
-exenatide, albiglutide

Question 9

DPP-4 inhibitors

Answer 9

breaks down gut hormones and lower glucagon secretion in panc
-sitagliptin, saxagliptin

Question 10

amylin analogs

Answer 10

naturally occuring hormone sec by panc w insulin that lowers glu by delaying gastric emptying and creating satiety
-pramlintide