HYDROTHERAPY

Question 1

The following are effects of hydrostatic pressure, except:
a. Increased venous flow
b. Increased circulation
c. Decreased lymph node flow
d. NOTA

Answer 1

c. Decreased lymph node flow

Question 2

This states that following an ice application, 9-16 minutes of vasoconstriction occurs then 4-6 minutes of vasodilation.
a. Vant Hoff’s Law
b. Rubor’s Law
c. Lewis Hunting Response
d. Boyle’s Law
e. NOTA

Answer 2

c. Lewis Hunting Response

Question 3

Standard size of HMP
a. 5” x 12”
b. 10” x 12”
C. 24” × 6.5”
d. 24” x 30”
e. NOTA

Answer 3

b. 10” x 12”

Question 4

Immersed body experiences upward thrust equal to the volume of liquid displaced
a. Vant Hoff’s Law
b. Rubor’s Law
c. Lewis Hunting Response
d. Boyle’s Law
e. NOTA

Answer 4

e. NOTA

Question 5

The wax to oil ratio in PWB is:
a. 1:3
b. 1:8
C. 1:5
d. 1:4
e. NOTA

Answer 5

e. NOTA

Question 6

Local effects of heat application include
a. Decreased diapedisis of leukocytes
b. Local analgesia
C.Decreased blood flow in the part
d. Decreases tissue metabolism

Answer 6

b. Local analgesia

Question 7

Movement directed against or perpendicular to vertical forces of buoyancy, creating drag
a. Buoyancy supported
b. Buoyancy assisted
c. Buoyancy resisted
d. Buoyance supperresisted
e. NOTA

Answer 7

c. Buoyancy resisted

Question 8

Normal body response to heat except:
a. Hyperemia
b. Acceleration of metabolism
c. Analgesia
d. Muscle relaxation
e. NOTA

Answer 8

e. NOTA

Question 9

Contraidications of cryotherapy
a. Sickle cell anemia
b. Cryoglobulinemia
c. Cold hypersensitivity
d. AOTA

Answer 9

d. AOTA

Question 10

The cumulative effects of turbulence and fluid viscosity acting on an object in motion
a. Turbulent flow
b. Parallel flow
C.Laminar flow
d. Drag
e. NOTA

Answer 10

d. Drag

Question 11

The reference point of an immersed object on which vertical forces of fluid predictably act
a. Center of gravity
b. Center of Buoyancy
C. Center of mass
d. Point of gravity
e. NOTA

Answer 11

b. Center of Buoyancy

Question 12

Percentage of weight bearing with immersion if the level is on xiphoid process
a. 10%
b. 23%
C. 33%
d. 50%
e. NOTA

Answer 12

C. 33%

Question 13

This law states that pressure exerted by the water on an immersed object is equal on all surface
a. Boyle’s Law
b. Archimedes Principle
C. Pascal’s Law
d. Dalton’s Law
e. NOTA

Answer 13

C. Pascal’s Law

Question 14

A physical therapist works with a patient using a flotation device positioned vertically in the deep end of a pool. Which area of the patient’s body would experience the greatest amount of hydrostatic pressure?
a. Shoulders
b. Torso
c. Hips
d. Feet

Answer 14

d. Feet

Question 15

Use of equipment generates resistance by increasing the total surface area moving through water by creating greater drag. Increasing the speed of motion through water generates further drag
a. Buoyancy supported
b. Buoyancy assisted
C. Buoyancy resisted
d. Buoyance supperresisted
e. NOTA

Answer 15

d. Buoyance supperresisted

Question 16

A PT decides to exercise a patient with lower extremity weakness using aquatic therapy. hydromechanics can be expected to:
a. Provide joint unloading and enhance ease of active movement
b. Reduce effusion and assist venous return
C. Increase resistance as speed of movement increases
d. Increase cardiovascular demands at rest

Answer 16

C. Increase resistance as speed of movement increases

Question 17

A patient with a 10-year history of scleroderma is referred for physical therapy to improve functional status and endurance. The patient was recently treated with corticosteroids for a bout of myositis.
Examination findings reveal limited ROM and fibrotic soft tissue along with hyperesthesia. The best choice for initial intervention is:
a. Soft tissue mobilization and stretching
b. Closed-chain and modified aerobic step exercises
C. Treadmill walking using body weight support at an intensity of 40% HR max.
d. Active ROM exercises and walking in a therapeutic pool
e. NOTA

Answer 17

d. Active ROM exercises and walking in a therapeutic pool

Question 18

Order in the change in sensation in cryotherapy
a. Cold, aching, burning, numbness
b. Cold, burning, aching, numbness
C. Cold, numbness, aching, burning
d. NOTA

Answer 18

b. Cold, burning, aching, numbness

Question 19

Which principle states that body experiences upward thrust equal to the volume of liquid displaced
a. Pascal’s Law
b. Archimides principle
c. Boyle’s law
d. NOTA

Answer 19

b. Archimides principle

Question 20

108°F is equivalent to:
а. 27°C
b. 35°C
c. 42°C
d. 45°C

Answer 20

c. 42°C

Question 21

The usual pool size used in aquatic therapy is:
a. 15x30 feet
c. 8x10 feet
b. 10x12 feet
d. 24x30 feet

Answer 21

a. 15x30 feet

Question 22

The general temperature of water used in hydrotherapy is:
a. Tepid
b. Warm
c. Hot
d. Neutral

Answer 22

a. Tepid

Question 23

An individual who is exposed to high heat stress (40 degrees celcius) will show increased:
a. Skin temperature
c. all of these
b. Heart rate
d. sweat rate

Answer 23

c. all of these

Question 24

A patient diagnosed with lumbar spinal root impingement due to narrowing of the intervertebral foramen has been referred to physical therapy for mechanical traction. What is the lowest percentage of body weight that should be considered for the initial traction force when using a split table?
a. 15%
C. 55%
b. 25%
d. 85%

Answer 24

b. 25%

Question 25

A patient presents with multiple fractures of both hands and wrists as a result of a mountain bike accident. Now, 5 weeks later, the patient has vertigo, limited wrist and finger motion, and dry, scaly skin over the involved areas. The physical agent of greatest benefit to select in this case would be: а. Paraffin b. Functional electrical stimulation c. Hot packs d. Contact Ultrasound

Answer 25

а. Paraffin

Question 26

A patient sprained the left ankle 4 days ago. The patient complains of pain(4/10), and there is moderate swelling that is getting worse. At this time, which intervention would be BEST to use? a. Intermittent compression followed by elevation b. Contrast baths followed by limb elevation C. Cold whirlpool followed by massage d. Cold/intermittent compression combination with limb elevated

Answer 26

d. Cold/intermittent compression combination with limb elevated

Question 27

A patient presents with pain radiating down the posterior hip and thigh as a result of herniated disc in the lumbar spine. The therapist decides to apply mechanical traction. If the patient can tolerate it, the PREFERRED patient position is: a. Supine with one knee flexed b. Supine with both knee flexed c. Prone with no pillow d. Prone with pillow under the abdomen

Answer 27

c. Prone with no pillow

Question 28

A patient rehabilitating from a lower extremity injury is referred to physical therapy for hydrotherapy treatments. The physical therapist would like the patient to fully extend the involved lower extremity while sitting in the hydrotherapy tank. Which type of whirlpool would NOT allow the patient to extend the involved lower extremity? a. Hubbard tank b.High buoy tank c. Low buoy tank d. Walk tank

Answer 28

b.High buoy tank

Question 29

A physical therapist implements an aquatic program for a patient rehabilitating from a slower extremity injury. The program requires the patient to run in place using a flotation device while tethered to the side of the pool using an elastic cord. Which action would be the most appropriate to increase resistance? a. Increase water temperature b. Increase the speed of movement C. Increase the depth of water d. Remove the flotation device

Answer 29

b. Increase the speed of movement

Question 30

A patient elevated on a tilt table to 60 degrees suddenly begins to demonstrate signs and symptoms of orthostatic hypotension. The MOST appropriate physical therapist action is to: а. Lower tilt table 10 degrees and monitor the patient's vital signs b. Lower the tilt table 20 degrees and monitor the patient's vital signs C. Lower the tilt table 40 degrees and monitor the patient's vital signs d. Lower the tilt table completely and monitor the patient's vital signs

Answer 30

d. Lower the tilt table completely and monitor the patient's vital signs

Question 31

Physical therapist decides to exercise a patient with fibromyalgia using aquatic therapy. The patient is moderately deconditioned from months of inactivity and has a history of mild myocardial infarction 4 years ago. Hydrostatic pressure exerted by the water can be expected to: a. Provide joint unloading and enhance ease of active movement b. Reduce effusion and assist venous return c. Increase resistance as speed of movement increases d. Increase cardiovascular demands at rest and with exercise

Answer 31

b. Reduce effusion and assist venous return

Question 32

The therapist is applying cervical traction using a cervical harness. The patient complains of pain in the TMJ during the treatment. The therapist should consider: a. Readjusting the harness and continuing the treatment b. Decrease treatment time c. Discontinuing traction d. NOTA

Answer 32

a. Readjusting the harness and continuing the treatment

Question 33

You have a 26 y/o female 2 days post hand laceration. The doctor orders paraffin treatments and range of motion. What should be the typical treatment temperature for paraffin? a. 44°C b. 30°C c. 50°C d. 126°C

Answer 33

a. 44°C

Question 34

A 21 y/o female sprains her ankle at a basketball game. You are the medical staff member attending the game. You notice that swelling is beginning but she insists on continuing to play. Which of the following modalities would not decrease swelling? a. Ice massage c. Evaporative coolants b. Cryopressure d. Ice towels

Answer 34

c. Evaporative coolants

Question 35

A physical therapist has chosen to use ice as a means of vasocontriction to decrease the patient's post exercise soreness and inflammation. Which method of temperature is the best for the patient? a. Conduction c. Conversion b. Convection d. Evaporation

Answer 35

a. Conduction

Question 36

A patient with acutely sprained ankle will be treated by immersion into an ice water bath. The therapist should tell the patient to expect: a. Aching, numbness, burning and followed by intense cold b. Burning, intense cold, aching and followed by numbness C. Intense cold, burning, aching and analgesia d. Numbness, aching, and intense cold, followed by burning

Answer 36

C. Intense cold, burning, aching and analgesia

Question 37

A physical therapist observes a patient's skin shortly after applying moist heat to the low back. The therapist identifies several signs of heat intolerance including uneven blotching and a surface rash. The most appropriate action is to: a. Continue with the present treatment b. Select an alternate superficial agent C. Limit moist heat exposure to 5 minutes d. Discontinue the moist heat and document the findings

Answer 37

d. Discontinue the moist heat and document the findings

Question 38

Which is the correct formula to convert Fahrenheit to Celcius? a. F=9/5C+32 b. F=9/5C-32 C. C=5/9F+32 d. C=5/9(F-32)

Answer 38

d. C=5/9(F-32)

Question 39

This is the upward pressure exerted to the body immersed in water: a. Viscosity b. Buoyancy c. NOTA d. hydrostatic pressure

Answer 39

b. Buoyancy

Question 40

Vapocoolant sprays use what type of thermal transfer? a. Evaporation b. Conduction c. Convection d. Radiation

Answer 40

a. Evaporation

Question 41

A physical therapist positions a patient in prone on a treatment plinth in preparation for a hot pack. When preparing the hot pack for the low back, the therapist should utilize: a. 2-4 towel layers b. 4-6 towel layers c. 6-8 towel layers d. 8-10 towel layers

Answer 41

c. 6-8 towel layers

Question 42

A physical therapist administers a contrast bath to a patient rehabilitating from a lateral ankle sprain. The therapist begins the first cycle by immersing the involved ankle in warm water for three minutes and then promptly moves the ankle into cold water. How long should the therapist leave the ankle in the cold water? a. 30 seconds b. 1 minute c. 3 minutes d. 5 minutes

Answer 42

b. 1 minute

Question 43

A physical therapist uses paraffin as a means of superficial heat for a patient with a hand injury. When using the dip and wrap method, the most appropriate number of times to dip the hand would be a. 1-3 c. 4-6 b. 2-4 d. 6-10

Answer 43

d. 6-10

Question 44

A physical therapist treats a patient rehabilitating from an Achilles tendon repair using cryotherapy. Which cryotherapetic agent would provide the greatest magnitude of tissue cooling? a. Frozen gel packs c. Flourimethane spray b. Ice massage d. Cold water bath

Answer 44

b. Ice massage

Question 45

A physical therapist is preparing a hot pack and notices that the water in the unit is cloudy. The most probable explanation: a. Power failure b. Seepage from a hot pack C. Ineffective heating element d. Thermostat set too low

Answer 45

b. Seepage from a hot pack

Question 46

You plan to administer lumbar traction to a patient who has back pain and nerve root impingement. You determine from your history that this patient has no contraindication to the use of traction. What other piece of information do you need to obtain from this patient in order to determine the appropriate intensity for your traction treatment? а. Age b. Body weight c. Medications taken d. Pain rating

Answer 46

b. Body weight

Question 47

The therapist routinely places ice on the ankle of a patient with an acute ankle sprain. Ice application has many therapeutic benefits. Which of the following is the body's first response to application of ice? a. Vasoconstriction of local vessels b. Decreased nerve condition velocity C. Decreased local sensitivity d. Complaints of pain

Answer 47

a. Vasoconstriction of local vessels

Question 48

The physiological effects of local heating include a. Increased local metabolic rate b. Increased local vasodilation C. Local analgesia d. All of the above

Answer 48

d. All of the above

Question 49

The terms below refer to properties of water that make hydrotherapy valuable to a variety of pt populations. Match the following terms with the statement that best relates to each term I. Hydrostatic pressure II. Relative density III. Viscosity IV. Buoyancy a. This property can assist in the prevention of blood pooling in the lower extremities in a pt in the pool above waist level b. This property makes it harder to walk faster through water c. A person with higher amount of fat can float more easily than a lean person because of this property d. This property makes it easier to move a body part to the surface of the water and harder to move a part away from the surface a. 1-b, 2-c, 3-d, 4-a b. 1-b, 2-d, 3-c, 4-a C. 1-c, 2-b, 3-a, 4-d d. 1-a, 2-c, 3-b, 4-d

Answer 49

d. 1-a, 2-c, 3-b, 4-d

Question 50

This states that for every 10 deg C increase in temperature, there is 2-3x increase in metabolism a. Vant Hoff's Law b. Archimedes principle C. Lewis Hunting Response d. Boyle's Law e. NOTA

Answer 50

a. Vant Hoff's Law