Joints

Question 1

Synarthroses

Answer 1

Immoveable joints

Question 2

Amphiarthroses

Answer 2

Slightly moveable joints

Question 3

Diathroses

Answer 3

freely moveable joints

Question 4

Fibrous joint types

Answer 4

Sutures, syndesmosis

Question 5

Cartilaginous joint types

Answer 5

Synchondrosis, symphysis

Question 6

Synovial joint types

Answer 6

6

Question 7

Suture joints

Answer 7

Joints held together with a short interconnecting fiber where bones interlock. Only found in the skull.

Question 8

Syndesmosis joints

Answer 8

Joints held together by a ligament. Fibrous tissues may vary in length but are longer than in sutures.

Question 9

What joint exists between the radius and ulna?

Answer 9

Syndesmosis, connected by long bands of fibrous tissue for a large amount of movement.

Question 10

Synchondrosis

Answer 10

Bones united by hyaline cartilage, immobile.

Question 11

What kind of joint exists between the first ribs cartilage and sternum

Answer 11

Synchondrosis

Question 12

Symphysis joints

Answer 12

Fibrocartilage connects two bones.

Question 13

Examples of symphysis joints

Answer 13

Pubic symphysis, intervertebral discs.

Question 14

What kind of joint exists between intervertebral discs?

Answer 14

A symphysis.

Question 15

What kind of joint are most in the body?

Answer 15

Synovial

Question 16

What are the most moveable joints in the body?

Answer 16

Diarthroses.

Question 17

Articular cartilage

Answer 17

Hyaline cartilage on the ends of the articulating bones.

Question 18

Joint cavity

Answer 18

space that holds synovial fluid

Question 19

Articular capsule

Answer 19

Fibrous layer that encloses the joint cavity, lined by the synovial membrane that secretes synovial fluid.

Question 20

Synovial fluid

Answer 20

Viscous fluid inside the joint cavity

Question 21

Ligaments function in joint

Answer 21

Reinforce, found intra and extracapsular.

Question 22

Plane joints

Answer 22

Allow for limited gliding movements between the bones, eg. between the tarsal bones of the foot.

Question 23

Hinge joints

Answer 23

Work like a door hing, eg. elbow, knee, ankle joint.

Question 24

Pivot joint

Answer 24

Rotation around axis, eg. between the first and second cervical vertebrae, between the radius and ulna.

Question 25

Condylar joint

Answer 25

Condyle of one bone fits into a hollow part of another bone allowing movement in two planes, eg. radiocarpal joint (wrist).

Question 26

Saddle joint

Answer 26

between concave and convec articular surfaces for flexion/extension and adduction/abduction, eg. 1st carpometacarpal joint between the trapezium and the metacarpal at the base of the thumb.

Question 27

Ball and socket joint

Answer 27

Wide range of motion and rotation, eg. the hip and shoulder joints are the only examples.

Question 28

Flexion

Answer 28

Decreases the angle between bones

Question 29

Extension

Answer 29

Increases the angle between bones

Question 30

Abduction

Answer 30

Moving a limb away from the body

Question 31

Adduction

Answer 31

Moving a limb towards the body

Question 32

Circumduction

Answer 32

Flexion, extension, abduction and adduction combined. Moving in a circle.

Question 33

Rotation

Answer 33

Movement of the bone around the longitudinal axis

Question 34

Gliding

Answer 34

The flat surface of two bones sliding across each other.

Question 35

Special movements of the scapula and mandible

Answer 35

Elevation, depression, protraction, retraction.

Question 36

Special movements of the forearm

Answer 36

Suppination, pronation

Question 37

Special movement of the digits

Answer 37

Opposition

Question 38

Special movements of the foot

Answer 38

Inversion, eversion, dorsiflexion, plantarflexion.

Question 39

Movement of the arm at the shoulder joint

Answer 39

Synovial ball-and-socket, multiaxial. The head of the humerus articulates with the glenoid fossa of the scapula.

Question 40

Movements of the forearm at the elbow joint

Answer 40

Synovial hinge, uniaxial.

Question 41

Movements between the radius and ulnar

Answer 41

Pronation and suppination, twisting around one another and back respectively.

Question 42

Movements of the hand at the wrist joint

Answer 42

Flexion, extension, abduction, adduction

Question 43

Movements of the fingers

Answer 43

Flexion, extension, abduction, adduction.

Question 44

Movements of the thumb

Answer 44

Flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, opposition.

Question 45

Hip joint movements

Answer 45

synovial, ball-and-socket joint. The head of the femur articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone.

Question 46

Movement of the high at the hip joint

Answer 46

extension, flexion, abduction, adduction, medial/lateral rotation, circumduction.

Question 47

Movement of the leg at the knee joint

Answer 47

Flexion and extension.

Question 48

Knee joint

Answer 48

Synovial hinge joint that permits rotation when flexed. Femur articulates with the tibia to form the knee joint.

Question 49

What is the largest most complex joint in the body?

Answer 49

The knee joint.

Question 50

Movements of the foot

Answer 50

Dorsiflexion, plantarflexion, eversion, inversion.

Question 51

Dorsiflexion and plantarflexion

Answer 51

Extension/flexion at the ankle joint.

Question 52

Eversion and inversion of the foot.

Answer 52

At the more distal transverse tarsal joint (between the tarsal joints of the foot).