lab 2

Question 1

2 ways of exploring DNA

Answer 1

1. structural
2. information

Question 2

bioinformatics

Answer 2

computer-based discipline that focuses on the information DNA encodes

Question 3

what is the function of the human B-globin protein

Answer 3

transport oxygen throughout our bodies

Question 4

what gene are we studying

Answer 4

B-globin gene

Question 5

what is beta-globing the subunit of?

Answer 5

hemoglobin

Question 6

hemoglobin

Answer 6

quaternary protein comprised of 2 alpha subunits and 2 beta subunits that binds to 1 Fe atom

Question 7

sickle-cell anemia

Answer 7

can be caused by single point mutation of nucleotide sequence of B-globin (7th codon)

Question 8

another name for B-globin gene

Answer 8

HBB gene

Question 9

how many exons/introns in the gene

Answer 9

• 3 exons
• 2 introns

Question 10

landmarks of B-globin gene

Answer 10

• 5’ promoter region
• introns and exons
  -3’ regulatory region involved in cleavage + polyadenylation

Question 11

how many amino acids does B-globin code for

Answer 11

146

Question 12

functional landmark amino acids

Answer 12

1. glu6 - site of sickle cell mutation
2. his63 - distal histidine
3. his92 - proximal histidine that binds the heme group

Question 13

what do the introns and exons always begin/end with

Answer 13

• begin: GU
• end: AG

Question 14

where is the B-globin region

Answer 14

on chromosome 11

Question 15

which reading frame is used to translate B-globin gene

Answer 15

c

Question 16

are the gens with promoters identical to the consensus sequence transcribed frequently or not frequently?

Answer 16

frequently

Question 17

how many polyadenylation sequences in B-globin gene

Answer 17

2

Question 18

splicing process

Answer 18

intron sequences cut out of pre-mRNA

Question 19

what sequence does translation start at

Answer 19

Kozak consensus sequence