Define lipids.
Organic compounds that are insoluble in water and soluble in organic solvents.
What are the main components of fats?
Fats are primarily composed of glycerol and fatty acids.
True or false: Saturated fats contain double bonds.
FALSE
Saturated fats have no double bonds between carbon atoms.
Fill in the blank: Unsaturated fats have one or more _______ bonds.
double carbon bonds
What is triglyceride composed of?
1 glycerol : 3 fatty acids
Define fatty acids.
Carboxylic acids with long hydrocarbon chains, essential for lipid structure.
True or false: Trans fats are naturally occurring in foods.
FALSE
Trans fats are primarily created through industrial hydrogenation.
What is a phospholipid?
A lipid containing a phosphate group, crucial for cell membrane structure.
What is an ester bond
Covalent between carboxyllic acid and alcohol which releases water
What is the role of cholesterol in the body?
Cholesterol is vital for cell membrane integrity and hormone production.
What are phospholipids made of and where are they found?
Glycerol molecules with a phosphate group and 2 fatty acids, they are found at the tail which results it being hydrophobic
What type of carbon bond is found in saturated fats?
Single bonds between carbon atoms.
Lipids are great energy stores because:
High energy density, stored compactly and is insoluble unlike carbohydrates
Define glycerol.
A three-carbon alcohol that forms the backbone of triglycerides.
True or false: Monounsaturated fats have one double bond.
TRUE
Examples include olive oil and avocados.
What is the primary source of saturated fats in the diet?
Animal products such as meat and dairy.
Define lipid bilayer.
A double layer of phospholipids forming cell membranes.
True or false: Cholesterol is a type of lipid.
TRUE
Cholesterol is a sterol, a subtype of lipids.
What is the role of essential fatty acids?
They are crucial for various bodily functions and must be consumed.
True or false: Phospholipids are hydrophobic.
FALSE
Phospholipids have both hydrophobic and hydrophilic properties.
Fill in the blank: Fatty acids are classified based on the length of their _______.
carbon chains
What is a saturated fat?
A fat with no double bonds between carbon atoms.
What are monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats?
Monounsatured: Unsaturated fats with only one carbon double bond
Polyunsaturated: Unsaturated fats with more than one carbon double bond
Eggs, meats and cheese are examples of:
Saturated fatty acids
