Define Water
A colourless, odourless liquid essential for all known forms of life.
Water is a ______ molecule
Polar
This polarity allows water to dissolve many substances.
Hydrogen bonds form between _______ molecules.
Water
What property of water allows it to have a high specific heat?
Hydrogen bonding
Define Cohesion
The attraction between water molecules due to hydrogen bonds.
Define Adhesion
The attraction between water molecules and other substances.
Water’s high heat capacity allows it to _______
It helps regulate temperature in organisms and environments.
What allows bugs to skate on water?
Surface tension
Define solvent
A substance that dissolves a solute, forming a solution.
Why is water called the universal solvent?
Water is called the universal solvent because it dissolves more substances than any other liquid.
What compounds can water dissolve?
Ionic and Polar
This is due to its polarity.
What is capillary action?
The ability of water to flow in narrow spaces against gravity.
Define hydrophilic.
Substances that are attracted to water and can dissolve in it.
What is hydrophobic?
Substances that repel water and do not dissolve in it.
What determines a substance hydrophilic or hydrophobic?
It’s polarity
These states are ice, water, and water vapor.
Fill in the blank: Water is essential for _______ in living organisms.
Metabolism
True or false: Water can act as both an acid and a base.
TRUE
This property is known as amphoteric.
Why is water a good medium for chemical reactions?
Polarity
Define viscosity and how it is determined
Fluid’s resistance to flow and internal friction, determined by strength of intermolecular forces and molecular shape
Define buoyancy and how it is determined
Object or organism that float on liquid, determined by density of said object or organism
How are animals adapted to the buoyancy and viscosity of water?
Streamlined bodies to reduce drag
Fat storage and air sacs to control density
How are animals adapted to the buoyancy and viscosity of air?
Lightweight and powerful wings
Streamlined bodies to reduce drag ( air resistance )
How does ice float and insulate water?
Less dense than water and floats to the top, forming a barrier between the water and the cold air
What is thermal conductivity and what is it depended on?
Rate at which heat passes through materials and depends on the collision of particles and electrons
