Flashcards in Lumbar Spine/Core Deck (102)
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1
Which muscles are tight in the lower cross syndrome?
Erector spinae and iliopsoas
2
Which muscles are weak in the lower cross syndrome?
Abdominal muscles, gluteus maximus
3
What is the neutral zone in reference to the spine?
Region of laxity around the neutral resting position of a spinal segment (between flexion and extension, for example)
4
According to Panjabi, how can neutral zone impairment lead to pain and disability?
Decrease in the capacity of the stabilizing system of the spine to maintain the intervertebral neutral zones within physiological limits
5
How does high-speed trauma affect a spinal segment's neutral zone?
Increases it
6
Biomechanically speaking, what is the most stable position for stress on the spine to be placed?
Within neutral zone
7
What things make up the passive system that influences the neutral zone?
Vertebrae, IVD, zygaphophyseal joints, ligaments
8
What things make up the active system that influences the neutral zone?
Muscles and tendons
9
What things make up the neural system that influences the neutral zone?
Central and peripheral nervous systems
10
What 3 large body concepts make up the overall stability of the spine?
Nervous system, spinal column, muscles
11
What muscles make up the core stabilizers?
Transversus abdominis, pelvic floor, diaphragm, multifidis
12
Which involves larger, torque-producing muscles that are anatomically more superficial: global system or local system of muscles?
Global: control spinal orientation and balance of external loads
13
Which involves anatomically deeper muscles that provide stability through increasing spinal segmental stiffness: global system or local system of muscles?
Local: play a role in anticipation of motion
14
When are the core stabilizers at work?
All times
15
When do the core stabilizers increase their action?
BEFORE any further loading or motion
16
Which pelvic tilt is utilized to find the neutral zone by drawing the belly up toward the rings and toward the floor while flattening the low back against the floor?
Posterior pelvic tilt
17
Which pelvic tilt is utilized to find the neutral zone by pushing the tail bone down and arching the low back up from the floor?
Anterior pelvic tilt
18
About how many muscle attachments make up the core area?
29
19
Which core muscles form the "core container"?
Pelvic floor, diaphragm, transversus abdomens
20
What additional muscles to the core function to stiffen the spine and stabilize the core?
Iliocostalis, longissimus, multifidi, rotators, intertransversarii (also ligaments and fascia, technically)
21
What are the extensors of the thoracolumbar spine?
Longissimus, iliocostalis, and multifidis
22
What is the thoracic portion of the erector spinae muscles that are extensors of the thoracolumbar spine?
Longissimus thoracis pars thoracics
Longissimus lumborum pars thoracis
23
What is the lumbar portion of the erector spinae muscles that are extensors of the thoracolumbar spine?
Longissimus thoracis pars lumborum
Longissimus lumborum pars lumborum
24
What is the origin of the pars thoracis?
Posterior sacrum and medial iliac crest
25
To where do the pars thoracis attach?
Ribs and vertebral components (run parallel to spine)
26
Is the pars thoracics mostly slow or fast twitch fibers?
Slow (type 1) (75%)
27
Is the pars thoracis a global/superficial muscle or local/deep?
Global/superficial
28
What is the function of the pars thoracics?
Produce greatest amount of lumbar extension with minimal compression of the spine
29
What is the origin of the pars lumborum?
Posterior sacrum and medial aspect of iliac crest
30
