Module 13 (VIRUSES)

Question 1

Classification of Viruses

Viruses are classified by the following characteristics:

Answer 1

1. Type of Genetic Material (dna or rna)
2. Shape of Capsid
3. Size of Capsid
4. Number of capsomeres
5. Presence/Absence of Envelope
6. Type of host it infects
7. Type of disease it produces
8. Target cells
9. Immunologic / antigenic properties

Question 2

Classification of Animal Viruses

• Animal viruses can be classified into several families according to the following characters:

Answer 2

A- Characteristics of viral nucleic acid (N.A)

B- Characteristics of viral capsid

Question 3

Animal viruses can be classified into several families according to the following characters:

A- Characteristics of viral nucleic acid (N.A):

Answer 3

Type of N.A if it is dna or rna

Shape of N.A strand if it is ring or straight, single or double strand, segmented or not…

Molecular weight (size and diameter of N.A)

Replication site of N.A if it is in cytoplasm or nucleus of infected cell

Presence of transcriptase enzyme

Question 4

Classification of Animal Viruses

• Animal viruses can be classified into several families according to the following characters:

B- Characteristics of viral capsid:

Answer 4

1. Shape & size of capsid.
2. Symmetry of capsid with N.A (Helical, Icosahedral, Binal,
   Complex).
3. Site of capsid assembly inside the infected cells.
4. Lipid solvent sensitivity.
5. Number of capsomeres which consisting the capsid.

Question 5

RNA Viruses families:

Answer 5

1. Picornaviridae
2. Orthomyxoviridae
3. Paramyxoviridae
4. Coronaviridae
5. Reoviridae
6. Retroviridae
7. Rhabdoviridae
8. Birnaviridae
9. Bornaviridae
10. Bunyaviridae
11. Togaviridae
12. Astroviridae
13. Arteriviridae
14. Caliciviridae
15. Flaviviridae

Question 6

DNA Viruses families:

Answer 6

1. Herpesviridae
2. Poxviridae
3. Adenoviridae
4. Parvoviridae
5. Papillomaviridae
6. Asfarviridae
7. Circoviridae

Question 7

What family has pleomorphic lipid containing envelope and 7-8 segments of linear ss RNA

Answer 7

Orthomyxoviridae

Question 8

What representative pathogenic member belongs to the orthomyxoviridae?

Answer 8

Influenza

Question 9

Context: Small, non-enveloped RNA families that include Polio and Rhinovirus are grouped together on the slide.

Question (Identification): Which viral family on the slide contains Polio virus, Rhinovirus (colds) and Hepatitis A virus (vaccine)?

Answer 9

Picornaviridae

Question 10

Question (Enumeration): Enumerate the three example viruses listed under Picornaviridae on the slide.

Answer 10

Answer: 1) Polio virus
2) Rhinovirus (colds)
3) Hepatitis A virus (vaccine)

Question 11

Question (Identification): Which family is associated with Norwalk on the slide?

Answer 11

Caliciviridae

Question 12

Question (Enumeration): Which viruses/examples are shown for Caliciviridae on the slide?

Answer 12

Norwalk and Hepatitis E virus

Question 13

Question (Identification): Which family on the slide lists Rubella virus?

Answer 13

Togaviridae

Question 14

Question (Identification): Which viral family on the slide contains Yellow fever, Dengue, West Nile and Hepatitis C?

Answer 14

Flaviviridae

Question 15

Question (Identification): Which virus is listed under Paramyxoviridae on the slide?

Answer 15

Mumps

Question 16

Which family on the slide is associated with Rabies virus?

Answer 16

Rhabdoviridae

Question 17

Which family is listed with Ebola & Marburg viruses on the slide?

Answer 17

Filoviridae

Question 18

Which family on the slide lists Hepatitis D virus (virulent)?

Answer 18

Deltaviridae

Question 19

Which family on the slide lists Influenza?

Answer 19

Orthomyxoviridae

Question 20

List the three families shown in the lower row that are associated with Hanta virus, Lassa fever, and Hepatitis B virus respectively.

Answer 20

Bunyaviridae — Hanta virus

Arenaviridae — Lassa fever

Hepadnaviridae — Hepatitis B virus (listed on the slide)

Question 21

Which family is listed with Colorado tick fever on the slide?

Answer 21

Reoviridae

Question 22

Name five RNA virus families from the slide that have enveloped members and are commonly associated with vector-borne or systemic disease (as shown by their examples).

Answer 22

Flaviviridae (yellow fever, dengue, West Nile),

Togaviridae (rubella shown),

Filoviridae (Ebola & Marburg),

Rhabdoviridae (rabies — enveloped),

Arenaviridae (Lassa fever).

Question 23

Which hepatitis viruses are explicitly named on the slide, and their families as labelled?

Answer 23

Hepatitis A virus — Picornaviridae (on slide)

Hepatitis E virus — Caliciviridae (as labelled on slide)

Hepatitis C virus — Flaviviridae (on slide)

Hepatitis D virus — Deltaviridae (on slide)

Hepatitis B virus — Hepadnaviridae (on slide)

Question 24

Which slide-listed family contains the classic coronavirus respiratory pathogens?

Answer 24

Coronaviridae

Question 25

Identify the family with pleomorphic, lipid-containing envelope and 7–8 segments of linear ss RNA.

Answer 25

Orthomyxoviridae

Question 26

What representative pathogenic member belongs to Orthomyxoviridae?

Answer 26

Influenza virus

Question 27

What is the virion structure of Orthomyxoviridae?

Answer 27

Pleomorphic, lipid-containing envelope

Question 28

What is the genome structure of Orthomyxoviridae?

Answer 28

7–8 segments of linear single-stranded (ss) RNA

Question 29

Identify the family with a lipid-containing envelope and 3 molecules of ss RNA.

Answer 29

Bunyaviridae

Question 30

What is the representative pathogenic member of Bunyaviridae?

Answer 30

Hantaan virus

Question 31

What kind of virion does Bunyaviridae have?

Answer 31

Lipid-containing envelope

Question 32

What is the genome structure of Bunyaviridae?

Answer 32

3 molecules of ss RNA

Question 33

Identify the family with pleomorphic lipid-containing envelope and 2 molecules of ss RNA that are hydrogen-bonded.

Answer 33

Arenaviridae

Question 34

What representative pathogenic member belongs to Arenaviridae?

Answer 34

Lassa virus

Question 35

genome structure: 2 molecules of ss RNA hydrogen-bonded ends

Answer 35

Arenaviridae

Question 36

Identify the family that is naked and has linear ds RNA divided into 10, 11, or 12 segments.

Answer 36

Reoviridae

Question 37

What representative disease does Reoviridae cause?

Answer 37

Diarrhea

Question 38

What is the virion structure of Reoviridae? What is the genome structure of Reoviridae?

Answer 38

Naked, Linear double-stranded (ds) RNA divided into 10, 11, or 12 segments

Question 39

Identify the family that is naked and has 2 segments of linear ds RNA.

Answer 39

Birnaviridae

Question 40

What disease is associated with Birnaviridae?

Answer 40

Non-human pathogens; diseases in chickens and fish

Question 41

Identify the family that has an icosahedral lipid-containing envelope and contains 2 identical molecules of ss RNA.

Answer 41

Retroviridae

Question 42

What is the representative pathogenic member of Retroviridae?

Answer 42

HIV

Question 43

What family includes Poliovirus, Rhinovirus (colds), and Hepatitis A virus?

Answer 43

Picornaviridae

Question 44

Which virus under Picornaviridae is used as a vaccine?

Answer 44

Hepatitis A virus

Question 45

What family includes Hepatitis E virus and Norwalk virus (causing gastroenteritis)?

Answer 45

Caliciviridae

Question 46

Which virus causes Norwalk gastroenteritis?

Answer 46

Norwalk virus

Question 47

Which family includes Rubella virus and Measles virus?

Answer 47

Togaviridae

Question 48

What are the diseases caused by Togaviridae?

Answer 48

Rubella, Measles

Question 49

Which family includes Yellow fever, Dengue, West Nile, and Hepatitis C virus?

Answer 49

Flaviviridae

Question 50

What family includes Ebola and Marburg viruses?

Answer 50

Filoviridae

Question 51

Which family includes Hantavirus?

Answer 51

Bunyaviridae

Question 52

Which family includes Lassa fever virus?

Answer 52

Arenaviridae

Question 53

Which family includes Hepatitis B virus?

Answer 53

Hepadnaviridae

Question 54

. Which family includes viruses causing Colorado tick fever?

Answer 54

Reoviridae

Question 55

Which RNA viruses cause respiratory infections?

Answer 55

Coronaviridae and Orthomyxoviridae

Question 56

Which RNA virus family is known for arthropod transmission (arboviruses)?

Answer 56

Togaviridae and Flaviviridae

Question 57

Identify the family that has a naked, isometric virion with 1 molecule of ss RNA causing poliovirus and rhinovirus.

Answer 57

Picornaviridae

Question 58

Identify the family that is naked and isometric with 1 molecule of ss RNA, causing Norwalk virus and gastroenteritis.

Answer 58

Caliciviridae

Question 59

Identify the family with a lipid-containing envelope, 1 molecule of ss RNA, and causes Rubella.

Answer 59

Togaviridae

Question 60

Identify the family with a lipid-containing envelope, 1 molecule of ss RNA, and causes Yellow fever, Dengue virus.

Answer 60

Flaviviridae

Question 61

Identify the family with a lipid-containing envelope, 1 molecule of ss RNA, and causes colds and respiratory tract infections.

Answer 61

Coronaviridae

Question 62

Identify the family that has a bullet-shaped lipid-containing envelope with 1 molecule of ss RNA, and causes Rabies virus.

Answer 62

Rhabdoviridae

Question 63

Identify the family with long filamentous, sometimes circular virions with lipid-containing envelope and 1 molecule of ss RNA, and causes Marburg virus and Ebola virus.

Answer 63

Filoviridae

Question 64

Identify the family with pleomorphic, lipid-containing envelope and 1 molecule of ss RNA, causing Mumps and Parainfluenza virus.

Answer 64

Paramyxoviridae