Nationalism

Question 1

what is a nation

Answer 1

• group of people with strong bonds of identity

- cultural-political community of autonomy, common interests

Question 2

what are things of idetity

Answer 2

language, territory, history, ethnicity, culture, traditions

Question 3

what is a nation according to Anderson

Answer 3

“imagined political community”

Question 4

what is nationalism

Answer 4

a political principle of congruency between nation and state

-nationalist political agenda

Question 5

what are nationalists’ political agenda

Answer 5

• boundaries of nation congruent with state

- monocultural national state (internal homogenization)

Question 6

what determines who belongs to nationalism

Answer 6

ethnic vs civic nationalism

Question 7

what is ethnic nationalism

Answer 7

place of birth, ethnicity, religion, native language

eg. Germany

Question 8

what is civic nationalism

Answer 8

choice, acceptance of national ideals

eg. France, United Kingdom

Question 9

why did nationalism emerge

Answer 9

2 places:

• primordialism
• modernism

Question 10

what is primordialism

Answer 10

formed by human biology

• ancestors formed in-groups/out-groups to survive
• national identity always part of human experience

Question 11

what are challenges to primordialism

Answer 11

• how do we go grom ingroups/outgroups to other things like nations
• why is it national identity, and not other kinds of identites

Question 12

what is modernism

Answer 12

belief that nationalism is a recent phenomenon

- pre-modern states not national

Question 13

what are the explanations of modernism

Answer 13

1. capitalism
2. elite project
   3.

Question 14

what is capitalism explanation

Answer 14

Print capitalism

• pre-modern: for elites in latin
• modern: local languages for many

Question 15

what are the effects of print in capitalism

Answer 15

• state adopts one dialect as official government language
• > strong incentive to learn language
• > non-standard dialects have negative connotation
• printed word ties speakers together across time
• nation speaking same language = replace local community identities

Question 16

what is the overall message of capitalism

Answer 16

national identity = natural outcome
- technological development = print
- capitalism = search for profit by publishers
state's role = passive
- adopt national language
- doesn't promote nation

Question 17

what is the elite project

Answer 17

starts with french revolution -> germany, italy

• national ID = elites and masses are equal members
• nation = sovereign

Question 18

what is the overall message of elite project

Answer 18

political elites are actively shape national identity

- longer lasting

Question 19

why would elites want everyone equal

Answer 19

• unite elites and lower classes so mobilize citizens for war/defense

Question 20

how do elites centralize people

Answer 20

• create national myth of common ancestry
• standardize universal education -> national language, history, culture
• mass military service