Neuroanatomy 1 Flashcards
(125 cards)
Where is the gray matter and white matter in the cerebrum?
Outside and inside
Where is the gray matter and white matter in the brainstem?
Mixed
Where is the gray matter and white matter in the spinal cord?
Inside and outside
What are the excitatory neurons? What kind of connections do they make?
glutamatergic. long-range connections
what are the inhibitory neurons? what kind of connections do they make?
GABAergic. short-range, local connections
where are the cell bodies of dopamine, noradrenaline, and serotonin in the brain?
mostly brainstem and the axons project into cortox
where levels of the sympathetic system?
t1-l3
what are the levels of the parasympathetic system?
CN III, VII, IX, X, S2-S4
what is the function of the lateral corticospinal tract?
Motor output in spine
what is the function of the dorsal column medial lemniscus pathway of the spinal cord?
sensory (vibration, joint position, light touch)
what is the function of the anterolateral pathways?
sensory (pain, temp, crude touch)
what is the cortical origin for most descending motor pathways?
primary motor cortex
what is the cortical termination for most somatosensory info>
primary somatosensory cortex
what is the purpose of the midbrain?
relay station for auditory and visual info
what cranial nerves are in the midbrain?
3 and 4
what is the purpose of pons?
sleep, respiration, swallowing, bladder control, hearing, equilibrium, taste, eye movement, facial expressions, facial sensation, and posture
what are the cranial nerves in pons?
5, 6, 7, 8
what is the purpose of medulla?
cardiac, respiratory, vomiting and vasomotor centers and deals with autonomic functions
what are the cranial nerves in the medulla
9, 10, 11, 12
what is the purpose of the cerebellum?
coordination. some role in learning, memory, attention, language and some emotional functions like fear and pleasure
what is the purpose of the basal ganglia?
regulate quantity of movement
what are the areas of the frontal cortex
prefrontal association cortex
- primary motor cortex for CONTRALATERAL side of body
- Broca’s speech area
- premotor/ supplementary motor areas
- frontal eye fields (scanning visual field)
- orbital cortex, olfactory tract
- cingulate gyrus
- micturition inhibitory area
what are the areas in the parietal lobe
primary somatosensory sensory cortex
- secondary and tertiary somatosensory cortices
what is the function of the parietal lobe?
- sensory information processing
- connection between receptive and expressive speech areas
- involved in tracking objects