Non experimental-Correlations

Question 1

describe correlation variables

Answer 1

Correlation variables cannot be manipulated. They can only be measured. This means the cause and effect cannot be established
They investigate the likelihood of 2 variables being related

Question 2

What is an experiment?

Answer 2

They involve the manipulation of one variable to see the effect on another. This allows the cause and effect to be established

Question 3

What is the difference between a correlation and an experiment?

Answer 3

Experiments involve the manipulation of a variable whereas correlational variables cannot be manipulated so we can’t establish the cause and effect of them

Question 4

What are the variables called in a correlational study?

Answer 4

Co-variables

Question 5

What is correlation co-efficient?

Answer 5

Statistic that expresses the strength and direction of a correlation

Question 6

What does the + or - represent in correlation coefficient

Answer 6

Direction of the correlation (pos or neg)

Question 7

What is a positive correlation?

Answer 7

As one co-variable increases, so does the other

Perfect pos corr +1 (straight line up)

Question 8

What is a negative correlation?

Answer 8

As one co-variable increases, the other decreases

Perfect neg corr -1 (straight line down)

Question 9

What is zero correlation?

Answer 9

When there’s no relationship between two co-variables

(Random X’s on graph)

Question 10

What does the number represent in correlation co-efficient ?

Answer 10

The strength of the direction
-The closer to one from zero, the stronger the correlation

Question 11

What an alternative hypothesis

Answer 11

a hypothesis for a correlation

Question 12

If the hypothesis is directional….

Answer 12

There will be wither a positive or negative correlation between co variable 1 and 2

Question 13

If the hypothesis is non directional…

Answer 13

There will be a correlation between co variable 1 and 2

Question 14

Can you interpret a scatter graph which shows a positive, negative or no correlation?

Answer 14

Yes or no?

Question 15

Why can’t we say one co-variable causes the effect on the other co variable?

Answer 15

Because the cause and effect cannot be established so we don’t know which co-variable causes the other to change

Question 16

Give 2 strengths off correlational research

Answer 16

-If two variables are correlated, we know the strength and direction of the association of the relationship- often a start point for further research

-It allows the researcher to study a relationship between variables that cannot be manipulated

Question 17

Give 2 limitations of correlational research

Answer 17

Correlation doesn’t mean causation as cause and effect can’t be established

We don’t know which co-variable causes the other to change