OBGYN #2

Question 1

What is a spontaneous abortion?

Answer 1

Pregnancy that ends before 20 weeks gestation

Question 2

MC etiology of spontaneous abortion

Answer 2

Chromosomal abnormalities

Question 3

Symptoms of threatened abortion

Answer 3

• Products of conception intact

- Cervical Os closed

Question 4

Symptoms of inevitable abortion

Answer 4

• POC intact

- Cervical OS dilated

Question 5

Symptoms of incomplete abortion

Answer 5

• Some POC expelled from uterus

- Cervical OS dilated

Question 6

For a missed abortion, the cervical OS is _____ and POC are _____

Answer 6

Closed

Intact

Question 7

For a medical abortion what two medications are used and is safe up to 10 weeks?

Answer 7

Mifepristone followed by Misoprostol 24-48 hours later

Question 8

For a medical abortion, what medications are used and is safe up to 7 weeks?

Answer 8

Methotrexate followed by Misoprostol 3-7 days later

Question 9

What methods are used for surgical abortion?

Answer 9

-Dilation and curettage or dilation and evacuation

Question 10

How to tell, on diagnostics, if a mother is having multiple gestations

Answer 10

-Elevated levels of beta-hCG and maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein

Question 11

Fundal Height Measurement

Answer 11

• 12 weeks: above pubic symphysis
• 16 weeks: midway between pubis and umbilicus
• 20 weeks: at umbilicus
• 38 weeks: 2-3 cm below xiphoid process

Question 12

Gravida: ______
Para: ______
Abortus: ______

Answer 12

• Number of times pregnant
• Number of births
• Number of pregnancies lost for whatever reason

Question 13

What is Naegele’s Rule?

Answer 13

1st day of LMP + 7 days - 3 months

Question 14

The first trimester consists of weeks ______

Answer 14

1-12 of pregnancy

Question 15

Tests done in 1st trimester

Answer 15

-Chromosomal screening test: Free beta-HCG, PAPP-A, Biochemical screening, US, chorionic villous sampling, nuchal translucency US

Question 16

PAPP-A is low with

Answer 16

Down’s Syndrome

Question 17

In a nuchal translucency US, is increased thickness, what test is done?

Answer 17

Chorionic villous sampling or amniocentesis

Question 18

Transvaginal US can detect fetal heart activity as early as

Answer 18

5-6 weeks after LMP

Question 19

Second Trimester consists of weeks

Answer 19

13-27

Question 20

What tests are done in second trimester?

Answer 20

• Triple screening: Alpha-fetoprotein, unconjugated estriol, and Beta-HCG
• Gestational Diabetes screening: 24-28 weeks
• Amniocentesis: if age > 35, prior pregnancy loss, abnormal tests (15-18 weeks)

Question 21

Two MC types of neural tube defects

Answer 21

-Spina Bifida and Anencephaly

Question 22

What is anencephaly?

Answer 22

-Failure of closure of portion of neural tube that becomes cerebrum

Question 23

What is spina bifida?

Answer 23

-Incomplete closure of embryonic neural tubule leads to non-fusion of some of the vertebrae and some overlying the spinal cords.

Question 24

What is the MC type of spina bifida

Answer 24

With myelominingocele. Often leads to disability

Question 25

How to tell on screening tests that a baby may have a neural tube defect

Answer 25

-Increased maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein followed by amniocentesis showing increased alpha-fetoprotein and increased acetylcholinesterase.

Question 26

Third trimester of pregnancy consists of weeks

Answer 26

28 until birth

Question 27

Tests done in the third trimester

Answer 27

- Rh antibody test - Hemoglobin and Hematocrit - Group B Strep Screening - Biophysical Profile (fetal tones, amniotic fluid levels, etc.) - Non-Stress Testing

Question 28

Regarding the non stress test, what is a good prognosis and means fetal well being?

Answer 28

- 2 or more accelerations of fetal heart rate > 15 bpm

Question 29

If positive screening for Group B Strep, prophylactic ABX given during labor (within 4 hours of delivery). What medication is given?

Answer 29

IV Penicillin G

Question 30

Toxic Shock Syndrome is caused by exotoxins produced by _____

Answer 30

Staph A

Question 31

50% of toxic shock syndrome is associated with

Answer 31

tampon use

Question 32

Symptoms of toxic shock syndrome

Answer 32

- Sudden onset of high fever - Skin: Erythroderma (diffuse erythematous macular rash) - Hypotension, abdominal tenderness - Headache, myalgias, n/v

Question 33

Treatment for Toxic Shock Syndrome

Answer 33

- Supportive - Aggressive IVF replacement - ABX (Clindamycin + Vanco/Linezolid)