Set B Flashcards by Selina Camina

Brian persistently injects himself with pain killers. This has greatly increased his chance of overdosing and dying. His behavior harms no one else. According to the DSM, is Brian’s behavior consistent with the definition of a mental disorder?

a. Yes, because very few people in society engage in this behavior
b. Yes, because he is persistently acting in a way that harms him
c. No, because his behavior must also harm the well-being of others in the community
d. No, because there is no0 evidence that his actions are out of his own world

b. Yes, because he is persistently acting in a way that harms him

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If one would apply the humoral theory, a person who experiences difficulty in getting sleep would most likely be characterized as __________, while a person who is very sluggish would be ___________.

a. Melancholic, Phlegmatic
b. Sanguine, Choleric
c. Melancholic, Choleric
d. Sanguine, Phlegmatic

d. Sanguine, Phlegmatic

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Whop argued that societies invent the concept of mental illness so that they can control people whose unusual patterns of functioning upset or threaten the social order?

a. John Weyer
b. Thomas Szasz
c. George Mora
d. Joseph Wolpe

b. Thomas Szasz

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Who consucted a “double blind” experiemtn to ascertain the effectiveness of animal magnetism therapy?

a. Phillipe Pinel
b. Anton Mesmer
c. Benjamin Rush
d. Benjamin Franklin

d. Benjamin Franklin

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Which type of prevalence estimate tends to be lowest?

a. Point prevalence
b. One-year prevalence
c. Lifetime prevalence
d. Virtual prevalence

a. Point prevalence

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Hypervigilance, emotional numbing, flashbacks, and other characteristics go together under the label “posttraumatic stress disorder”. Patterns of characteristics such as this are also referred to as a(n)?

a. symptom constellation
b. criteria
c. prognosis
d. syndrome

d. syndrome

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After being diagnosed with HIV one month ago, Yuan visisted a psychologist and is now reporting feelings of severe depression. On which DSM IV-TR Axis would the information about his medical condition be recorded?

a. Axis I
b. Axis II
c. Axis III
d. Axis IV

c. Axis III

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Which among the following disorders may be classified under Axis II of DSM-IV-TR?

a. Anxisty Disorders
b. Personality Disorders
c. Neurodevelopmental Disorders
d. Adjustment Disorders

b. Personality Disorders

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Which of the following is the only non-substance-related disorder to be included in the DSM 5 chapter “Substance Related and Addictive Disorder”?

a. Gambling Disorder
b. Internet Gaming Disorder
c. Electronic communication addeiction disorder
d. Compulsive computer use disorder

a. Gambling Disorder

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Jared, a grade 5 student, consistently exhibits conduct-disordered behavior. Ten years later, as an adult, he displays a number of disorders including antisocial personality, depression, and substance abuse. Which developmental pathway is evident in this sentence?

a. Equifinality
b. Multifinality
c. Equilibration
d. Determism

b. Multifinality

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Which of the following findings would rule out the diagnosis of obsessive compulsive personality disorder?

a. A concurrent diagnosis of OCD
b. A concurrent diagnosis of antisocial personality disorder
c. Evidence of psychotic symptoms
d. Evidence that the behavioral patterns reflect culturally sanctioned interpersonal styles

d. Evidence that the behavioral patterns reflect culturally sanctioned interpersonal styles

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Alma was diagnosed with paranoid personality disorder in 2010. However, in the following years, her symptoms became worse. In 2015, she was given a new diagnosis, schizophrenia. Which of the following statements would be true in terms of the multiaxial system?

a. In 2010, paranoid personality disorder is under axis II, while in 2015, schizophrenia is coded under axis I
b. In 2010, paranoid personality disorder is under axis I, while in 2015, schizophrenia is coded under axis II
c. In 2010, paranoid personality disorder is under axis II, while in 2015, multiaxial diagnosis is removed
d. In 2010, paranoid personality disorder is under axis I, while in 2015, multiaxial diagnosis is removed

c. In 2010, paranoid personality disorder is under axis II, while in 2015, multiaxial diagnosis is removed

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Which of the following is not a feature of cultural identity of the individual?

a. Self-defined racial or ethnic reference group
b. Language abilities and preference
c. Political party affiliation
d. Sexual orientation

c. Political party affiliation

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When Mrs. Ardiente, a 65-year old woman, went to a psychologist for the first time, the clinician asked her what the date was, what time it was, what year was it, and where they were. Which category of a mental status exam do these questions cover?

a. Thought processes
b. Apperance and behavior
c. Sensorium
d. Intellectual functioning

c. Sensorium

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Kennedy et al., (2027), treated individuals with major depressive disorder with either a psychological treatment, cognitive behavioral treatment (CBT), or venlafaxine (antidepressant). Which of the following statements reflect the results of this study?

a. CBT facilitated a “top down change” wherein changes in thinking patterns in the cortex affected the emotional brain
b. Drugs (venlafaxine) faciliatted a “bottom up” change wherein higher areas of the cortex are the last to be affected by change
c. No changes were observed as to how the various treatments work on MDD
d. Both A and B are correct

d. Both A and B are correct

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Joshua is receiving treatment for his anxiety disorder, which stems from fear of social scrutiny. In therapy, he is taught anxiety-inhibiting techniques such as deep breathing and muscle relaxation. Over the course of his two-hour therapy sessions Joshua is asked to envision increasingly intense scenes, such as having to introduce a speaker in front of a large crowd. Which treatment method is Jpshua undergoing?

a. Aversive conditioning
b. Systematic desensitization
c. Flooding
d. Modeling

b. Systematic desensitization

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Which of these is the most common form of child maltreatment?

a. neglect
b. physical abuse
c. sexual abuse
d. adandonment

a. neglect

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What are the three stages of Selye’s general adaptation syndrome, in order?

a. fight-or-flight, defense, withdrawal
b. alarm, resistance, exhaustion
c. autoplasty, alloplasty, syntonicity
d. denial, adapatation, acceptance

b. alarm, resistance, exhaustion

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While you are studying anxiety disorders quietly in the library, your best friend sneaks up and surprises you from behind. You let out an embarassing shriek, your heart is racing, and your adrenaline is pumping. What specific portion of your nevous system is active at this point?

a. Sympathetic
b. Parasympathetic
c. Autonomic
d. Somatic

a. Sympathetic

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Which of the following neurotransmitters is not implicated in anxiety disorders?

a. Norepinephrine
b. Endorphin
c. GABA
d. Serotonin

b. Endorphin

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Which of the following most accurately describes an anxiety disorder?

a. An emotional state identifies by panic attacks
b. An emotional condition classified by excessive checking
c. Disordered thinking
d. An excessive or aroused state characterized by feelings of apprehension, uncertainty and fear

d. An excessive or aroused state characterized by feelings of apprehension, uncertainty and fear

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Macy seldom leaves her home. She works out of a home office, has friends visit her at home, and has most things delivered to her. The idea of being in a movie theater, going to a public park, riding the public bus, or eating in a restaurant scares her. Which of the following disorders would be the most appropriate diagnosis for her?

a. Obsessive-compulsive disorder
b. Agoraphobia
c. Social anxiety disorder
d. Specific phobia, situational type

d. Specific phobia, situational type

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In social anxiety disorder (social phobia), the object of an individual’s fear is the potential for which of the following?

a. Social or occupational impairment
b. Embarrassment
c. Separation from objects of attachment
d. Incapacitating symptoms

b. Embarrassment

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Which of the following types of specific phobia is most likely to be associated with vasovagal fainting?

a. Animal type
b. Natural environment type
c. Blood-injection-injury type
d. Situational type

c. Blood-injection-injury type

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One day during his lunch break, Gerald suddenly could not breathe. He felt his heart racing, he began to sweat excessively and hyperventilating, and he became worried that he was dying. He wanted to get help from his coworkers, but he was worried about embarrassing himself in front of them. If these episodes continue unexpectedly, which disorder may he be diagnosed with? a. Generalized Anxiety Disorder b. Panic Attack c. Panic Disorder with Agoraphobia d. Panic Disorder

d. Panic Disorder

Which of the following stressful situations would meet Criterion A for the diagnosis of acute stress disorder? a. Finding out that one's spouse has been fired b. Failing an important final examination c. Receiving a serious medical diagnosis d. Being in the cross fire of a police shootout but not being harmed

d. Being in the cross fire of a police shootout but not being harmed

Which of the following is not a way in which children manifest PTSD symptoms differently than adults? a. Children tend to express their distress through aches, pains, and other somatic symptoms b. Chilren try to act more like adults or theor older siblings in order to deal with the trauma c. Children tend to generalize their anxiety to more situations d. Children tend to play out the trauma repetitively with dolls or other toys

b. Chilren try to act more like adults or theor older siblings in order to deal with the trauma

What is the most common site of hair pulling in trichotillomania? a. Scalp b. Axillary Area c. Facial Area d. Pubic Area

a. Scalp

Which of the following statements about compulsive behaviors in OCD is true? a. Compulsions in OCD are best understood as a for of addictive behavior b. Compulsive behaviors in OCD are aimed at reducing the distress triggered by obsessions c. Compulsions involve repetitive and persistent thoughts, images, or urges d. Compulsive behaviors in OCD are typically goal directed, fulfilling a realistic purpose

b. Compulsive behaviors in OCD are aimed at reducing the distress triggered by obsessions

Which of the following is not required for a diganosis of PTSD? a. persistent and uncontrollable worry b. reexperiencing of the traumatic event c. emotional numbing and detachment d. hypervigilance and chronic arousal

a. persistent and uncontrollable worry

A 19-year old woman is referredto psychiatrist by her internist after she admits that she recurrently pulls hair from her eyebrows to the point that she ahs scarring and there is little or no eyebrows hair left. She states that her natural eyebrows are "bushy" and "repulsive" and that he "looks like a caveman". A photograph of the woman before she began pulling her eyebrow shows a normal-looking teenager. What is the most appropriate diagnosis? a. Trichotillomania b. Body dysmorphic disorder c. Delusional disorder, somatic type d. Obsessive-compulsive disorder

b. Body dysmorphic disorder

Two infants are being observed in Ainsworth's laboratory. Sara is not visibly upset when her mother leaves the room and is disinterested in her mother when she returns. Mark is moderately distressed when his mother leaves and wants to be held by her when she returns. Sara has a(n)______ attachment, and Mark has a(n) _______ attachment a. insecure; secure b. resistant; insecure c. secure; insecure d. insecure; resistant

a. insecure; secure

Which of the following statements about reactive attachment disorder is true? a. RAD occurs only in children who lack healthy attachments b. RAD occurs only in children who have secure attachments c. RAD occurs only in children who have impaired communication d. RAD occurs in children without a history of severe social neglect

a. RAD occurs only in children who lack healthy attachments

According to Freud, the reduction in anxiety for converting unconscious conflicts into physical symptoms is called as? a. primary narcissism b. secondary narcissism c. primary gain d. secondary gain

c. primary gain

Research by Spanos and colleagues (1985) demonstrated that? a. symptoms of DID could be induced in normal people through hypnosis b. clinicians routinely hypnotize their patients c. not all DID patients benefit from hypnosis d. DID is diagnosed more often in the US than in Europe

a. symptoms of DID could be induced in normal people through hypnosis

James injured his back at work several years ago. Although he was treated and considered healed by his doctors, he still complains of severe and debilitating back pain. Other than some minor scarring, his doctors can't find anything that could be causing more than some minor stiffness. According to DSM-5, it appears that Joe might be diagnosed with which disorder? a. Illness Anxiety Disorder b. Somatic Symptom Disorder c. Pain Disorder d. Somatization Disorder

b. Somatic Symptom Disorder

Jack suddenyl notices that the world looks weird to him. Some objects look bigger than normal and others look smaller. Cars passing by seem oddly shaped and people appear dead or mechanical. Jack may most likely be experiencing? a. dissociation b. depersonalization c. delusion d. derealization

d. derealization

Which of the following is the most common form of dissociative amnesia? a. Localized Amnesia b. Selective Amnesia c. Generalized Amnesia d. Systematized Amnesia

a. Localized Amnesia

Over a period of several years, a 50-year old woman visists her dermatologist's office every few weeks to be evaluated for skin cancer, showing the dermatologist various freckles, nevi, and patches of dry skin about which she has become concerned. None of the skin findings have ever been abnormal, and the dermatologist has repeatedly reassured her. The woman does not have pain, itching, bleeing, or other somatic symptoms. She does have a history of occational panic attacks. What is the most likely diagnosis? a. Illness anxiety disorder b. Body dysmorphic disorder c. Somatic symptom disorder d. Factitious disorder

a. Illness anxiety disorder

In DSM IV-TR, a patient with a high level of anxiety about having a disease and many associated somatic symptoms would have been given the diagnosis of hypochondriasis. What DSM-5 diagnosis would apply to this patient? a. Conversion Disorder b. Illness anxiety disorder c. Somatic symptom disorder d. Generalized anxiety disorder

c. Somatic symptom disorder

Which structures are involved in the HPA Axis? a. hypothalamus, pituitary, adrenal cortex b. hippocampus, pons medulla, amygdala c. hippocampus, pituitary, adrenal cortex d. hypothalamus, pons medulla, amygdala

a. hypothalamus, pituitary, adrenal cortex

In DID, which of the following would be most likely to serve as the victim of a trauma? a. A child alter b. A persecutor personality c. The host personality d. A helper personality

a. A child alter

What is the essential diagnostic feature of factitious disorder? a. Somatic symptoms b. Conscious misrepresentation and deception c. External gain associated with illness d. Normal physical examination and laboratory tests

b. Conscious misrepresentation and deception

Which theory proposes the idea that life stress leads to depression by causing a reduction i positive reinforcers. As a result, the depressed person begins to withdraw, causing further reduction in positive reinforcers, leading to more withdrawal and thus creating the self-perpetuating cycle of depression? a. Learned helplessness theory b. Reformulated learned helplessness theory c. Lewinson's behavioral theory d. Depressive realism

c. Lewinson's behavioral theory

A patient with a history of bipolar disorder reports experiencing 1 week of elevated and expansive mood. Evidence of which of the following would suggest that the patient is experiencing a hypomanic, rather than manic, episode? a. Irritability b. Decreased need for sleep c. Increased productivity at work d. Flight of ideas

c. Increased productivity at work

Richard, a 30-year old businessman, has experienced anhedonia for about the past month. He frequently wakes up very early in the morning, during which time his symptoms are especially debilitating. He feels extremely guilty about many things and has lost a significant amount of weight since the onset of his symptoms. Which of the following would be the smost appropriate diagnosis? a. depression with catatonic features b. depression with melancholic features c. depression with psychotic features d. depression with atypical features

b. depression with melancholic features

Margaery has not slept in several days. She alternates between writing what she believes will be an award-winning album of pop songs and splurging on accessories of Pandora. She speaks in a loud, frenzied voice and exploes in anger when her roommate tells her to "calm down"/ If this pattern continues for a week and is followed by a period of depression, which fo the following diagnosis may be made? a. Manic episode b. Cyclothymic disorder c. Bipolar I disorder d. Bipolar II disorder

c. Bipolar I disorder

In Beck's theory of depression, the cognitive triad refers to negative views of? a. past, present, and future experiences b. self, others, and goals c. personal life, work, and social relationships d. the self, the world, and the future

d. the self, the world, and the future

When Marie got an English essay paper back with an "A" on it along with some comments for improving her use of metaphors and similes, she was sure that the whole paper needed to be completely rewritten to be any good. What thinking error is she exhibiting? a. magnification b. minimization c. arbitrary inference d. selective abstraction

a. magnification

Which of the following persons at the highest risk for completing suicide? a. Matthew, a 60-year old white male b. Molly, a 38-year old female c. Benjamin, an 18-year old black male d. Ria, a 22-year old Hispanic female

a. Matthew, a 60-year old white male

Which of the following features distinguishes disruptive mood dysregulation disorder from bipolar in children? a. Age at onset b. Irritability c. Chronicity d. Severity

c. Chronicity

A 9-year old boy is brought in for evaluation because of explosive outbursts when he is frustrated with schoolwork. The parents report that their son is well behaved and pleasant at other times. Which diagnosis best fits this clinical picture? a. Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder b. Pediatric bipolar disorder c. Intermittent explosive disorder d. Major depressive disorder

c. Intermittent explosive disorder

Which of the following disorder/s is the Axis II diagnosis most closely associated with suicide? a. Bipolar Disorders b. Depressive Disorders c. Antisocial Personality Disorder d. Borderline Personality Disorder

d. Borderline Personality Disorder

Which of the following people would be diagnosed with a substance-related disorder? a. Someone who abuses alcohol but is not dependent on it b. Someone who inhales antifreeze and experiences significant anxiety and hallucinations as a result c. Someone who smokes rat poison and experiences mild, transient effects from it d. Someone who uses opioids, but who does not exhibit significant tolerance or withdrawal symptoms

b. Someone who inhales antifreeze and experiences significant anxiety and hallucinations as a result

Which of the following substances are naturally found in the human body? a. amphetamines b. cocaine c. opioids d. hallucinogens

c. opioids

Which of the following substances and categories are incorrectly paired? a. barbiturate; depressant b. nicotine; stimulant c. mescaline; hallucinogen d. cocaine; opioid

d. cocaine; opioid

Which of the following are the consequences of vitamin and mineral deficiences which can lead to dementia and memory disorders in alcohol abuse? a. Smirnoff's syndrome b. Korsakoff syndrome c. Creudzfeldt-Jakob's syndrome d. Wernicke's aphasia

b. Korsakoff syndrome

What is the hallmark feature of caffeine withdrawal? a. Vomiting b. Drowsiness c. Headache d. Dysphoria

c. Headache

A 50-year old man has memory loss as the result of his long-term heavy alcohol consumption. Which of the following will he most likely suffer from? a. Getting dressed b. Remembering someone he met a week ago c. Recalling the first date he had with his wife d. Repeating five digits forward and backward

b. Remembering someone he met a week ago

Which is the most widely -used illicit substance(s) worldwide? a. ecstasy b. cannabis c. caffeine d. amphetamines

b. cannabis

Which of the following would not be considered to reflect a deficit in executive functioning? a. interpreting the proverb "People who live in glass houses shouldn't throw stones" to mean "People don't want their windows broken" b. failing to recognize objects or people c. difficulty planning how to carry out a sequence of actions d. trouble stopping oneself from engaging in a behavior

b. failing to recognize objects or people

According to Stice and colleagues (1999), efforts of adolescents to have weight-reduction (which may lead to some eating disorders) are more likely to result in? a. weight gain than weight loss b. weight loss c. stable body weight d. decreased food craving

a. weight gain than weight loss

What are the subtypes of bulimia nervosa in DSM-5? a. restrictive and purging b. with normal weight/abnormal weight c. purging and non-purging d. none

d. none

Jennifer exercises more than a world class athlete. She believes she is overweight at 96 pounds and a height of 5'5". Jennifer consumes, on the average, less than 200 calories per day and has had amenorrhea for three months. Jennifer suffers from which of the following? a. anorexia nervosa, binge-eating/purging type b. anorexia nervosa, restricting type c. bulimia nervosa, nonpurging type d. bulimia nervosa, restricting type

b. anorexia nervosa, restricting type

Which of the following is a core feature of insomnia disorder? a. Dissatisfaction with sleep quantity or quality b. Cognitive impairment c. Abnormal behaviors during sleep d. Daytime fatigue

a. Dissatisfaction with sleep quantity or quality

Charlie told his professor that he sometimes experiences seeing vivid dreamlike images of hooded figures standing beside his bed upon awakening, but also disappear after a few minutes. Which of the following will his professor most likely identify the experience as? a. Autoscopic hallucinations b. Hypnagogic hallunications c. Ictal hallucinations d. Hypnopompic hallucinations

d. Hypnopompic hallucinations

Which of the following is a type of NREM sleep arousal disorder in DSM-5? a. Sleep terrors b. Nightmare disorder c. Fugue d. Obstructuve sleep apnea hypopnea

a. Sleep terrors

Which of the following sleep disturbances or disorder occurs during REM sleep? a. Nightmare disorder b. Sleep terrors c. Obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea d. Central sleep apnea

a. Nightmare disorder

Derek is being treated for premature ejaculation. Which phase in the sexual response cycle is disrupted in this disorder? a. excitement b. orgasmic c. resolution d. climax

b. orgasmic

A 35-year old woman tells her therapist that she has recently become intensely aroused while watching movies in which people are tortured and that she regularly fantasizes about torturing people while masturbating. She is not distressed by these thoughts and denies ever having acted on these new fantansies, though she fantasizes about these activities several times a day. Which of the following best summarizes the diagnostic implications of the patient's presentation? a. She meets all of the criteria for sexual sadism disorder b. She does not meet the criteria for sexual sadism disorder because the fantasies are not sexual in nature c. She does not meet the criteria for sexual sadism disorder because she has never acted on the fantasies d. She does not meet the criteria for sexuals adism disorder as the diagnosis is only made in men

c. She does not meet the criteria for sexual sadism disorder because she has never acted on the fantasies

Which of the following is not a paraphilic disorder? a. Transvestic disorder b. Transsexual disorder c. Voyeuristic disorder d. Fetishistic disorder

b. Transsexual disorder

A 30-year old woman comes to your office and reports that she is there only because her mother pleaded with her to see you. She tells you that although she has a good social network with friends of both sexes, she has never had any feelings of sexual arousal in response to men or women, does not have any erotic fantasies and has littles interest in sexual activity. She has found other like-minded individuals, and she and her frineds accept themselves as asexual. What is the appropriate diagnosis, if any? a. Females sexual interest/arousal disorder, lifelong, mild b. Female sexual interest/arousal, lifelong, severe c. No diagnosis, because she does not have the minimum number of symptoms required for female sexual interest/arousal disorder d. No diagnosis, because she does not have clinically significant distress or impairment

d. No diagnosis, because she does not have clinically significant distress or impairment

In schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders, four domains are considered as psychotic symptoms. Whic od the following is not considered a psychotic symptom? a. Delusions b. Hallucinations c. Disorganized thinking d. Avolition

d. Avolition

Jill's schizophrenia includes hallucination. Statistically, Jill is most likely to experience? a. Auditory hallucinations b. Tactile hallucinations c. Visual hallucinations d. Somatic and gustatory hallunications

a. Auditory hallucinations

Which of the following shows a delusion involving thought broadcasting? a. That everyday events have special relevance to them b. Their thoughts are escaping their mind and can be read by others c. They are being persecuted or harrased d. They have a special purpose in life

b. Their thoughts are escaping their mind and can be read by others

A 41-year old man presents to his psychologist upon hin wife's request. Four weeks earlier, the patient was hospitalized for a mild injury to his head after crashing his car into a tree. He has a 3-year old history of alcoholism. The patient recounts that while shopping in his local grocery store 2 weeks ago, he has the realization that the store clerk is simply an imposter replacing his wife. The patient's wife insists that her husband is completely delusional and is on the verge of divorcing him if he continues to neglect her as his actual., lawful wife of 15 years. Which of the following types of delusions is the patient expressing? a. Capgras syndrome b. Clerambault syndrome c. Cotard's syndrome d. Fregoli phenomenon

a. Capgras syndrome

Which refers to a behavioral disturbance in which one appears to be in a trancelike state, and one's muscles assume a waxy rigidity such that one tends to remain in any position in which one is placed? a. Catalepsy b. Catatonia c. Cataplexy d. Psychomotor retardation

a. Catalepsy

Which of the following will a patient with clang association most likely say? a. "I was gigglifying, not just tempifying; you know what I mean" b. "I was grocery training; but when I ride the grocery, I drive the food everywhere on top of lollipops" c. "Cain and Abel---they were cannibals. You see, brothers kill brothers---that is laudable. If you ask me, though, never name your son Huxtibal. OK" d. "Tired, mired, schmired, wired"

d. "Tired, mired, schmired, wired"

Brandon is an intern in a psychiatric hospital. He finds it very difficult to engage in a conversation with patients who have schizophrenia, because they seem to have very little to say or speak extremely slowly. This condition is known as? a. Avolition b. Aphasia c. Anhedonia d. Alogia

d. Alogia

Claire conducted an intake interview with a newly admitted patient. Upon asking the patient on about her mother's age at death for the family history part, the patient responds by talking at great lengths about their family's medical history, the nature of accidents and how too many people die in accidents before saying that her mother died at the age of 45. Claire may describe this in her notes as? a. Tangentiality b. Circumstantiality c. Verbigeration d. Confabulation

b. Circumstantiality

Which of the following is one of the general criteria for a personality disorder in DSm-5? a. an enduring pattern of inner experience that deviates markedly from the expectations of the individual's culture b. The pattern is flexible and confined to a signle personal or social situation c. The pattern leads to occassional mild distress d. The pattern's onset can be traced to a specific traumatic event in the individual's recent history

a. an enduring pattern of inner experience that deviates markedly from the expectations of the individual's culture

Which of the following is not a way in which schizotypal personality disorder resembles schizphrenia? a. Both schizophrenics and schizotypals have difficulty initiating, sustaining, and controlling their attention on cognitive tasks b. Both schizophrenics and schizotypals have enlarged ventricles c. Both schizophrenics and schizotypals experience hallucinations and delusions d. Both schizphrenics and schizotypals have odd or inappropriate emotional responses

c. Both schizophrenics and schizotypals experience hallucinations and delusions

A 30-year old single woman reports having experienced auditory hallucinations and persecutory delusions for 3 months, followed by a full major depressive episode with sad mood, anhedonia, and suicidal ideation lasting 3 months. Although the depressive spisode resolves with pharmacotherapy psychotherapy, the psychotic symptoms persist for another month before entering residual phase. What diagnosis best fits this clinical picture? a. Brief psychotic disorder b. Schizoaffective disorder c. Major depressive disorder d. Schizophrenia

b. Schizoaffective disorder

Which of the following does not describe an individual with paranoid personality disorder? a. avoidance of close relationships b. avoidance of public places c. often spontaneously aggressive to others d. often feel that they have been deeply and irreversibly betrayed by others

b. avoidance of public places

Victor has a disorder that falls under the cluster B of personality disorder. He could exhibit any of the following scores on the Big 5 dimensions, except for? a. high scores on agreeableness b. high scores on neuroticism c. high scores on extroversion d. low scores on conscientiousness

a. high scores on agreeableness

In order to meet the proposed diagnostic criteria for antisocial personality disorder in the Alternative DSM-5 Model for Personality Disorder, an individual must have maladaptive personality traist in which of the following domains? a. Antagonism b. Negative affectivity c. Psychoticism d. Detachment

a. Antagonism

Said a supervisor of an employee: "Tanya really made a terrific first impression on me with her wit and self-confidence. Now, though, I'm tired of telling her how great her ideas are. She really pouts when she isn't the center of attention in the office." What disorder is being prescribed? a. histrionic personality disorder b. borlderline personality disorder c. narcissistic personality disorder d. dependent personality disorder

a. histrionic personality disorder

Jesse, a 48-year old woman, has chronic feelings of being inadequate and inferior. In relation to this, she has a fear of being rejected thus, she does not want to start relationships with people. Although she acknowledges the importance of social interactions and may think about engaging in online chatroom dates or even blind dates, she ultimately lets her fear of rejection get ahold of her. This pattern, which started in her mid-adolescence, does not bother her. Which DSM-5 disorder may Jesse be manifesting? a. Schizoid Personality Disorder b. Scizotypal Personality Disorder c. Social Anxiety Disorder d. Avoidant Personality Disorder

d. Avoidant Personality Disorder

Jasmine, a newborn baby, was stroked in the cheek. Upon doing so, she turn her head in the direction of the stimulus. Which reflex is Jasmine demonstrating? a. Moro reflex b. Babinski reflex c. Palmar reflex d. Rooting reflex

d. Rooting reflex

What age, approximately, do most infants begin to show separation anxiety accompanied by wariness opf strangers? a. 3 months b. 12 months c. 8 months d. 24 months

c. 8 months

Elize has suffered from cognitive deficits for her entire life. When she was a child, she was diagnosed "mental retardation". If she was now rediagnosed using the DSM-5 and found to have the same symptoms, which label would replace her former diagnosis? a. Intellectual disability b. Learning disorder c. Autism spectrum disorder d. ADHD

a. Intellectual disability

Children with ADHD are knwon to have deficits in which of the following brain areas? a. Perception b. Motor functioning c. Executive functioning d. Memory

c. Executive functioning

Within ADHD, which of the following is not classified as a problem relating to poor attention? a. Appears routinely forgetful b. Experiences difficulties in waiting in turn c. Easily distracted d. Dislikes tasks involving mental effort

b. Experiences difficulties in waiting in turn

Which of the following abilities does the term theory of mind refer to? a. Lack of meta-cognition b. Understand one's own and other people's mental states c. Foreshadowing events d. None of the above

b. Understand one's own and other people's mental states

Johnny spends hurs staring at a fan, or spinning things such as string, sticks, and plates. Oftentimes, he twiddles his fingers in front of his eyes. These activities are often referred to as? a. self-stimulatory b. self-soothing c. self-enhancing d. self-medicating

a. self-stimulatory

A child with autism differs from one who is diagnosed with intellectual developmental disorder in all of the following ways, except for? a. doing worse on tasks requiring abstract thought b. obtaining better scores on items requiring visual-spatial skills c. scoring poorly on all parts of an intelligence test d. difficulty in sensorimotor skills

c. scoring poorly on all parts of an intelligence test

Parkinson's disease results from the death od neurons that produce which neurotransmitters? a. serotnonin b. acetylcholine c. dopamine d. norephinephrine

c. dopamine

Which of the following reflects the difference between delirium differ from dementia? a. Delirium is a permanent state, whereas dementia is a temporary state b. Delirium is a temporary state, whereas dementia is a permanent state c. Delirium affects younger people, whereas dementia affects older people d. Delirium is sometimes associated with Alzheimer's disease, whereas dementia is never associated with Alzheimer's disease

b. Delirium is a temporary state, whereas dementia is a permanent state

On which of the following chromosomes is there a genetic abnormality that is associated with an increased risk of late-onset Alzheimer's disease? a. chromosome 4 b. chromosome 14 c. chromosome 19 d. chromosome 21

c. chromosome 19

Which of the following did the "nun study" by Snowdon et al. (1996) conclude? a. Religious people are more likely to experience dementia b. People with greater linguistic skills early in life were less likely to develop Alzheimer's disease later in life c. Better-educated people are more likely to become demented because they have more abilities to lose once dementia takes hold a. People with low levels of education are less likely to be diagnosed withAlzheimer's disease than people with higher levels of education

b. People with greater linguistic skills early in life were less likely to develop Alzheimer's disease later in life

Set B Flashcards

(100 cards)