Virology > Viroids + Prions > Flashcards

Viroids + Prions Flashcards

(16 cards)

Study These Flashcards
1
Q

Viroids + Prions are…

A

Subviral agents

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2
Q

Viroids: Morphology

A
  • Circular + ssRNA
  • Superhelical
  • Non strucutral proteins
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3
Q

Viroids: Resistance

A

Extremely strong

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4
Q

Viroids: Biological proteins

A
  • Plant pathogens
  • Infection via gardening tools
  • Host spectrum: Varies, no orphan viroid
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5
Q

Viroids: Examples

A
  • Potato spindle tuber viroid
  • Hop stunt viroid
  • Coconut cadang-cadang viroid
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6
Q

Prions: Etymology

A

Protein of infectious nature

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7
Q

Prions: Morphology

A
  • Pure protein
  • The infectious particle does not contain nucleic acid
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8
Q

Prions: Resistance

A
  • Extremely high
  • Lipid solvents reduce heat resistance
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9
Q

Prion: Biological properties

A
  • Cellular prion protein
  • Resistant to proteases
  • The normal component of the neurons
  • Isoform: A-helix → b-sheet
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10
Q

Prion: Pathogenesis

A
  • Gut → spleen, lymph nodes → Nerves
  • Modulatory protein in nerves
    • Induce neurons to produce PrPsc (Infectious prion protein)
  • Amyloid plaques - Neuron degradation → Spongiform encephalopathy
    • Progressive CNS symptoms
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11
Q

Prions: Antigenic properties

A
  • Non-antigenic
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12
Q

Prions: Diagnosis

A
  • Clinical signs
  • Histopathology: Vacuolisation of neurons, amyloid plaques
  • Proteinase K digestion, IF, Western blot
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13
Q

Prions: Examples

A
  • Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs)
  • Scrapie
  • Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE)
  • Feline spongiform encephalopathy (FSE)
  • Transmissible mink encephalopathy (TME)
  • Chronic wasting disease (CWD)
  • Exotic ungulate encephalopathy
  • Progressive dementia
  • Creutzfeld-Jakob disease (CJD)
  • Variant CJD (vCJD)
  • Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker syndrome (GSS)
  • Fatal familial insomnia
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14
Q

Scrapie

A

Sheep

  • Incoordination
  • Swaying
  • Itching
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15
Q

Chronic Wasting disease (CWD)

  • Species
  • Location
A
  • Mule
  • Deer
  • Elk

North America

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16
Q

Exotic ungulate encephalopathy

  • Species
  • Location
Study These Flashcards
A
  • Nyala
  • Greater kudu
  • Oryx

Africa

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