24.1 d-block elements

Question 1

characteristics of d-block elements

Answer 1

all metallic
high mp and bp
shiny
conduct electricity and heat

Question 2

what does a half-filled d5 sub-shell and a fully filled d10 sub-shell give to chromium and copper?

Answer 2

additional stability

Question 3

what happens when d-block elements form positive ions from their atoms?

Answer 3

they lose 4s electrons before losing any 3d electrons

Question 4

what happens in relation to orbitals when forming an atom from an ion?

Answer 4

4s orbital fills before the 3d orbital

Question 5

what happens in relation to the orbitals when an ion is formed from an atom?

Answer 5

4s orbital empties before the 3d orbitals

Question 6

define transition elements

Answer 6

d-block elements that form at least one ion with a partially filled d-orbital

Question 7

what elements are not classed as transition elements?

Answer 7

zinc and scandium

Question 8

properties of transition elements which are different from other metals

Answer 8

form compounds in which the transition elements has different oxidation states
form coloured compounds
elements and their compounds can act as catalysts

Question 9

what do the compounds transition elements form have?

Answer 9

more than one oxidation state

Question 10

the number of oxidation states… across the transition elements series to manganese and then…

Answer 10

increases
decreases

Question 11

colour of Fe3+

Answer 11

pale yellow

Question 12

colour of Mn+2

Answer 12

pale pink

Question 13

colour of V+2

Answer 13

lilac

Question 14

what does the colour of a solution with transition elements in link to?

Answer 14

partially filled d orbitals of the transition metal ion and the different oxidation states

Question 15

what is the catalyst for the haber process?

Answer 15

iron catalyst

Question 16

what is the catalyst for the production of sulfer trioxide from the oxidation of sulfur dioxide?

Answer 16

vanadium (V) oxide