Paritid Bed And TMJ Region

Question 1

What are the other 2 salivary glands

Answer 1

Submandibular

Sublingual

Question 2

What is the encapsulating layer of fascia covering the parotid gland

Answer 2

Investing layer

Question 3

How does th saliva form the parotid gland get to the mouth

Answer 3

Via parotid duct (which Pierces the Buccinator) to the parotid papilla on the buccal mucosa opposite second molar

Question 4

Where is the parotid gland

Answer 4

Anterior border - posterior masseter
Posterior border - anterior BORDER of SCM
just anterior/inferior to ear lobe

Question 5

What is the nerve supply to the masseter muscle and Buccinator

Answer 5

Masseter - Trigeminal nerve mandibular division

Buccinator - facial

Question 6

How saliva produced

Answer 6

Stimulus - taste/smell food or teething in babies
Nervous system - glands are under autonomic control so if symp innervation saliva sticky if parasymp saliva is runny as supplies secretomotor

Question 7

What cranial nerve supplied parasympathetic nerve innervation to the parotid gland

Answer 7

Glossopharyngeal cranial nerve 9

Question 8

What is the pathway of the Glossopharyngeal nerve CN 9

Answer 8

Tympanic plexus gives off 3 branches ( 1 is lesser petrosal branch which contains Glossopharyngeal)
Preganglionic fibres stretch to otic ganglion
Lesser petrosal nerve then synapse with otic ganglion
Leave ganglion postganglionic fibres formed when lesser petrosal copies with mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve forming the auricular temporal nerve travel to specific site

Question 9

Where is the otic ganglion

Answer 9

Just inferior of the foramen ovale

Question 10

How is calculus in the parotid duct formed

Answer 10

Mineralised saliva blocking gland which causes swelling of face

Question 11

What are the two anatomical divisions of the parotid gland

Answer 11

Has a superficial and a deep layer with a plane in in between

Question 12

What is the artery that travels through the parotid gland

Answer 12

External carotid artery which gives off two terminal branches when in the gland
Superficial temporal and maxillary

Question 13

What are the two veins that join within the parotid gland

Answer 13

Superficial temporal and maxillary to form the retromandibular

Question 14

What nerve enters the parotid gland

Answer 14

Facial nerve which branches to supply the muscles of facial expression

Question 15

What are the branches of the facial nerve

Answer 15

Temporal
Zygomatic 
Buccal
Mandibular
Cervical 
Posterior auricular

Question 16

Where doe the facial nerve exit the cranial cavity

Answer 16

Internal acoustic meatus and stylomastoid foramen

Question 17

What structures does the parotid gland lie on

Answer 17

Muscles
Posteriorly - scm
Medially - stylohyoid and posterior belly of digrastic
Anteriorly - masseter muscle

Bones
Medially - styloid process
Medial and laterally - ramus of mandible

Question 18

Iatrogenic paralysis

Answer 18

When dental profession numbs the incorrect are causing reversible paralysis of muscle of facial expression

Question 19

What su the gillies approach

Answer 19

Fix fractured zygomatic arch by using anatomical space between fascia and muscle
Relatively non invasive

Question 20

What does Botox do

Answer 20

Irreversible blockage of skeletal muscle neuromuscular junction
Atrophy wasting of the muscle fibres

Question 21

What is the attachment of the masseter

Answer 21

To ramus and angle of mandible extend up to the zygomatic bone

Has a superficial and deep part

Question 22

What is the artery and nerve supplying the masseter

Answer 22

Artery is from the maxillary artery
Nerve is from the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve
Found at the coronoid notch of the mandible

Question 23

What is the parotid gland

Answer 23

One of the 3 salivary glands
Major
Serous secretion of salvia