Week 2 - Infection model

Question 1

What are the 4 groups of pathogen

Answer 1

• Bacteria
• Virus
• Fungus (yeasts and moulds)
• Parasites (Protozoa and Worms(Helminth))

Question 2

State patient factors which contribute to the infection model

Answer 2

Person -> -Age, Gender, Physiological State, Pathological State, Social factors
Time -> calendar time or relative time
Place-> Current and recent

Question 3

Why does Age affect the infection model?

Answer 3

-Susceptible to different pathogens and patterns of disease throughout different ages

Question 4

State an infection where gender makes a specific difference to the infection model

Answer 4

-UTI in women

Question 5

State some mechanisms of infection (ie spread)

Answer 5

• Contiguous spread
• Inoculation (eg stabwound)
• Haematogenous
• Ingestion
• Inhalation
• Vector
• Vertical transmission

Question 6

Outline in brief how infections are established

Answer 6

-Exposure -> attachment -> invasion of host defences -> inflammation -> host damage

Question 7

Outline management of infections

Answer 7

• History examination and investigation to gain diagnosis
• Treatment both specific and supportive
• Prevention

Question 8

What are the two groups of specific treatment?

Answer 8

• Surgery

- Antimicrobials

Question 9

State the infection model

Answer 9

-Pathogen+Patient -> Infection -> Management -> Outcome