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Head and Neck > Triangles of the Neck (1) > Flashcards

Triangles of the Neck (1) Flashcards

1
Q

midline elevation created by the thyroid cartilage

A

laryngeal prominence

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2
Q

depression on superior border of laryngeal prominence

A

thyroid notch

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3
Q

groove located upon superior border of manubrium between two clavicular heads

A

suprasternal (jugular) notch

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4
Q

depression located lateral to clavicular origin of SCM muscle, posterior to middle third of clavicle, and anteromedial to clavicular insertion of trapezius
(serves as a pressure point to decrease bleeding of the upper extremity)

A

supraclavicular fossa

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5
Q

unpaired bone which lies superior to the laryngeal prominence

A

hyoid bone

  • body
  • greater horns
  • lesser horns
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6
Q

signet ring-shaped cartilage which is located inferior to the thyroid cartilage

A

cricoid cartilage

  • lamina (faces posteriorly - thick)
  • arch (anteriorly - thin)
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7
Q

serves as partial attachment of the sternocleidomastoid muscle

A

mastoid process

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8
Q

superficial muscle originating from clavipectoral fascial, coursing superiorly over neck

A

platysma muscle

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9
Q

consists of carotid artery and vein, and vagus nerve

A

carotid sheath

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10
Q

“sleeve” binding all structures in the neck; splits to encompass SCM and trapezius

A

investing layer of dense connective tissue

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11
Q

covering supra and infrahyoid muscles (strap muscles)

A

infrahyoid fascia

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12
Q

viscera covered with a layer of fascia including the thyroid and parathyroid glands, trachea, and esophagus

A

pretracheal fascia

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13
Q

covering vertebral musculature

A

prevertebral (deep cervical) fascia

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14
Q

anterior, posterior, inferior, roof, and floor of

POSTERIOR TRIANGLE

A 
anterior - SCM
posterior - trapezius
inferior - clavicle 
roof - skin, superficial fascia and platysma 
floor - prevertebral fascia
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15
Q

closest to the skin and can sometimes be seen as a rope like bulge on the side of neck; height is greater than 3 to 4 cm = could be possible “back up”

A

external jugular vein

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16
Q

drains into the subclavian vein

A

external jugular vein

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17
Q

joins the subclavian vein to form the brachiocephalic vein

A

internal jugular vein

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18
Q

right and left brachiocephalic veins join to form

A

superior vena cava

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19
Q

superior vena cava empties into the ____ atrium of the heart

A

right

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20
Q

splits into anterior and posterior branches;

anterior branch joins facial vein to form common facial vein

A

retromandibular vein

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21
Q

drains into the external jugular vein

A

posterior retromandibular vein

22
Q

drains into the external jugular vein

A

anterior jugular veins

23
Q

origin, insertion, innervation, action of SCM

A

origin -
: sternal head - anterior surface of manubrium
: clavicular head - superior surface of medial 1/3 clavicle
insertion - lateral surface of mastoid process, lateral half superior nuchal line
innervation - spinal root of accessory n. (CN 11)
action - laterally flexes neck and rotates head to opposite side; flex the neck so chin is thrust forward

24
Q

origin, insertion, innervation, action of TRAPZIUS

A

origin - medial third of superior nuchal line, EOP, nuchal ligament, SP of C7-T12, lumbar and sacral spinous processes
insertion - lateral third of clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapular
innervation - spinal root of accessory (CN 11); C2-C3
action - elevate, retract, depress scapula

25
Q

“wry neck or loxia”; abnormal asymmetrical head or neck position due to a variety of reasons (spasm of SCM)

A

torticollis

26
Q

cervical plexus: sensory nerves

A

greater auricular n, lesser occipital n, supraclavicular n, transverse cervical n

27
Q

halfway along the posterior border of SCM where sensory portion of the cervical plexus emerges

A

erb’s point

28
Q

cutaneous innervation to mastoid process

A

lesser occipital n

29
Q

cutaneous to area around ear

A

great auricular n

30
Q

cutaneous nerve to throat

A

transverse cervical n

31
Q

anterior, middle, and posterior; cutaneous to area over clavicle

A

supraclavicular n

32
Q

motor to SCM and trapezius

A

accessory (CN 11)

33
Q

boundaries of the occipital triangle

A

SCM, trapezius, inferior belly of omohyoid

34
Q

boundaries of supraclavicular triangle

A

SCM, clavicle, inferior belly of omohyoid

35
Q

floor of occipital triangle

superior to inferior

A
  • splenius capitus
  • levator scapulae
  • posterior scalene
  • middle scalene
36
Q

floor of supraclavicular triangle

superior to inferior

A
  • anterior scalene
  • 1st rib
  • upper portion of serratus anterior
37
Q

origin, insertion, action of ANTERIOR SCALENE

A

origin - anterior tubercles of TP C3-C6
insertion - scalene tubercle of 1st rib
action- elevate 1st rib, flex and laterally flex neck

38
Q

origin, insertion, action of MIDDLE SCALENE

largest and longest

A

origin - posterior tubercles of TP C2-C7
insertion - upper surface of 1st rib
action - elevate 1st rib, laterally flex neck

39
Q

origin, insertion, action of POSTERIOR SCALENE

A

origin - posterior tubercles of TP C4-C6
insertion - upper surface of 2nd rib
action - elevate 2nd rib, laterally flex neck

40
Q

brachial plexus and subclavian artery split what two scalene muscles

A

anterior and middle

41
Q

irritation of the brachial plexus and or subclavian/axillary artery

A

thoracic outlet syndrome (scalene muscles)

42
Q

the ansa cervicalis is part of the _____ division of the cervical plexus

A

motor

43
Q

provides separate motor innervation to the thyrohyoid and geniohyoid muscles and also forms the superior root of the ansa cervicalis

A

C1 ventral ramus

44
Q

combine to form the inferior root of the ansa cervicalis

A

C2 and C3 rami

45
Q

ansa cervicalis is the loop which is combined with what three rami

A

C1, C2, C3

46
Q

___ gets a ride from CN XII

A

C1 ramus

47
Q

innervates the thyrohyoid muscles

A

nerve to thyrohyoid

48
Q

innervates the geniohyoid, travels with CN XII, and exits the carotid triangle

A

nerve to geniohyoid

49
Q

the ansa cervicalis gives off many branches which provide motor innervation to the

A

infrahyoid (strap) muscles

  • omohyoid bellies
  • sternohyoid
  • sternothyroid
50
Q

part of cervical and brachial plexus; provides motor innervation to the diaphragm

A 
phrenic nerve (C3,C4 (most), C5)
"C3,C4,C5 keeps the diaphragm alive"

Head and Neck (7 decks)

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