Metabolic Disease 1 Flashcards
What are some of the fluid imbalance problems that can occur?
- dehydration
- water intoxication
- edema
Water intoxication often seen with:
- tumors
- endocrine disorders
- athletes who hydrate with water only with no electrolytes
What do diuretics do?
- inhibit Na+ and water resorption by the kidneys
- may result in loss of K+ as well
What is edema?
Volume excess with retention of fluid in interstitial spaces
Example of a diuretic
Thiazide (may also be used to control BP)
pts on diuretics may show s/s consistent with:
Dehydration
What is the condition that is sometimes called “prediabetes” or “insulin resistance syndrome”?
Metabolic syndrome
What is metabolic syndrome?
- group of metabolic risk factors
- increases risk of serious illness with 3 or more of the factors
What are the metabolic syndrome risk factors?
- Abdominal obesity
- Atherogenic dyslipidemia
- Elevated BP
- Insulin resistance or glucose intolerance
- Prothrobic state
- Proinflammatory state
What is a prothrombic state?
Chronic, low-grade activation of coagulation system and fibrinogen
How is proinflammatory state determined?
Elevated c-reactive protein
Metabolic alkalosis: pH
pH over 7.45
What is metabolic alkalosis usually caused by?
- excessive vomiting
- suctioning
- diuretics
- large quantity of antacids
Metabolic acidosis: pH
pH under 7.35
What is metabolic acidosis usually cause by?
- smoke inhalation
- sepsis
- cardiopulmonary failure
- ETOH
- liver failure
