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3 Neurology > Formative Assessment > Flashcards

Formative Assessment Flashcards

1
Q

pyramidal tracts arise from…

A

precentral gyrus

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2
Q

extrapyramidal tracts arise from…

A

brainstem

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3
Q

lateral CS tract controls..

A

voluntary motor control of limbs and digits

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4
Q

medial CS tract controls..

A

posture

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5
Q

lateral CS tract decussates at,,,

A

pyramids of medulla

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6
Q

corticobulbar tracts control motor function to…

A

muscles of face, head, neck

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7
Q

corticobulbar tract arises from…

A

motor cortex

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8
Q

name the only nerves not controlled by the corticobulbar tract

A

CN12

lower CN7

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9
Q

an UMN lesion to CN7 will present with what sparing?

A

forehead spared

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10
Q

rubrospinal tract controls…

A

excites flexor muscles of upper body only

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11
Q

why do you get decorticate posturing?

A

a lesion to the corticospinal tract means the rubrospinal takes over

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12
Q

why do you get decerebrate posturing?

A

a lesion in the corticospinal and rubrospinal tract means reticulospinal takes over

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13
Q

decerebrate posturing scores _ on a GCS score for motor function

A

2

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14
Q

decorticate posturing scores a _ on a GCS score for motor functioning

A

3

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15
Q

gracile nucleus control whats part of the body in DCML?

A

lower body

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16
Q

cuneate nucleus controls what part of the body in DCML?

A

upper body

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17
Q

brown sequard syndrome affects how much of the spinal cord?

A

1 side only (hemisection)

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18
Q

anterior cord syndrome is caused by…

A

infarction to ant spinal artery

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19
Q

patient stabbed in the back presenting with ipsilateral paralysis and decreased sensation

A

brown-sequard

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20
Q

weakness in upper body over lower body, cape like loss of sensation

A

central cord syndrome eg syringomyelia

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21
Q

a chiari malformation is associated with what condition

A

syringomyelia

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22
Q

name the 2 types of dura

A

periosteal

meningeal

23
Q

young patient with head trauma with a haemorrhage

A

extradural

24
Q

imaging findings of extradural haemorrhage

A

hyperdense biconvex lens appearance

25
Q

low impact head trauma in an older patient causing haemorrhage?

A

chronic subdural haemorrhage

26
Q

presentation of chronic subdural hameorrhage

A

progressive headache and confusion

27
Q

“hypodense crescent shaped appearance”

A

chronic subdural haemorrhage

28
Q

subarachnoid haemorrhage is mainly caused by an issue with ___ blood supply

A

arterial

29
Q

how is definitive diagnosis for SAH found?

A

CT angiogram

30
Q

“hyperdense signal in SA space”

A

subarachnoid haemorrhage

31
Q

spontaneous SAH cause

A

berry aneurysm most likely

32
Q

a hemorrhage in the bridging cerebral vein will arise between what menines?

A

dura

arachnoid

33
Q

acute SAH will show up white on CT T or F

A

T

34
Q

patient with HT, bradycardia, irregular bleeding and extensor response…..

A

cerebral herniation from increased ICP

35
Q

what type of herniation can cause an unreactive pupil

A

uncal herniation

36
Q

what does it mean if hoffman’s sign is positive?

A

the patient has an UMN lesion

37
Q

define radiculopathy? what MN signs does it cause?

A

nerve pain along a specific nerve that has been damaged

LMN lesions

38
Q

myelopathy causes what MN signs?

A

UMN

39
Q

what investigation would differeniate between spinal stenosis and vascular claudication

A

ABPI - if normal lumbar stenosis

40
Q

middle part of brain is supplied by,,,

A

ACA

41
Q

main 3 symptoms of ant circulation stroke (middle, ant or both)? how do you decifer between partial and total?

A

higher cerebral dysfunction eg speech issue
homonomous visual field defect
ipsilateral motor/sensory deficit of at least 2 areas

2/3 = partial ant stroke
3/3= total ant stroke
42
Q

main 3posterior circulation stroke symptoms

A

cerebellar dysfunction
isolated homonymous visual field defect
cranial nerve dysfunction
NO ARM/LEG INVOLVEMENT

43
Q

main symptoms of lacunar stroke

A

a pure motor or pure sensory loss

44
Q

main function of the parietal lobe

A

comprehension of language

R+L brain stuff eg knowledge of body parts

45
Q

primary auditory cortex is located in…

A

superior temporal gyrus

46
Q

oculomotor nucleus is located in…

A

the midbrain

47
Q

a left superior quadrantopia indicates a lesion in what lobe and side of the brain

A

right temporal lobe

48
Q

if you’re right handed your dominant brain side is…

A

the left

49
Q

there is impaired __gaze in hydrocephalus

A

up

50
Q

“cluster” headache with ptosis and miosis….

why is this the diagnosis

A

carotid dissection

sympathetics will be damaged from the dissection so pupil wont dilate

51
Q

3rd nerve palsy can be due to an aneurysm in what artery?

A

posterior communicating artery

52
Q

obese lady on the pill who has headaches worse on coughing and double vision…

A

IIH

53
Q

most likely nerve palsy in IIH

A

6th nerve palsy

3 Neurology (41 decks)

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