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NAPLEX > Glaucoma > Flashcards

Glaucoma Flashcards

1
Q

Which drugs can cause vision trouble at night and why?

A

Cholinergics like carbachol and pilocarpine

Cause pupil constriction

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2
Q

Latisse

A

Bimatoprost for eyelash growth

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3
Q

Lumigan

A

Bimatoprost

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4
Q

What is the dosing for Lumigan?

A

1 drop QHS

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5
Q

Travatan Z

A

Travoprost

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6
Q

Timoptic, Timoptic XE, Istalol

A

Timolol

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7
Q

What steroids effect IOP most significantly?

A

Ophthalmic roid prednisolone (Predforte)

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8
Q

What do BBs do for glaucoma?

A

Reduce aqeuous humor production

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9
Q

What is the dosing for cosopt?

A

1 drop BID

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10
Q

What do Rho Kinase inhibitors do and what do they end in?

A

Sudil

Increase aqeuous outflow

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11
Q

What do carbonic anhydrase inhibitors do and what do they end in?

A

zolamide

Reduce humour production

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12
Q

OD and OS?

A

Right eye

Left eye

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13
Q

What do prostaglandin analogs do?

A

Increase aqueous outflow

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14
Q

What is the component that can be abosrbed in contact lenses?

A

Benzalkonium Chloride (BAK)

Can discolor contact lenses wait 15 minutes to put contacts back in

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15
Q

Xalantan

A

Latanoprost

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16
Q

What are the 3 goals for glaucoma treatmetn?

A
  1. Make less fluid with BB liks timolol
  2. Move fluid out with prostaglandin analogs
  3. Or do both
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17
Q

4 key Side Effects of Prosts?

A
  1. Blurred vision
  2. Stinging
  3. Increased pigmentation of the iris or eyelashes
  4. Eyelash growth
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18
Q

What do alpha 2 agonists do for glaucoma and what do they end in?

A

Nidine

Increase both outflow and decrease production

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19
Q

Cosopt, Cosopt PF

A

Timolol + dorzolamide

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20
Q

2 main side effects of BBs? for glaucoma

A

Stinging

Burning

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21
Q

What prostaglandin also has an indication for eyelash hypertrichosis as well as glaucoma?

What are the two brand names

A
  • Bimatoprost
  • Lumigan for glaucoma
  • Latisse for hypotrichosis
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22
Q

What product does not contain BAK?

A

Travatan Z

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23
Q

How should unopened bottles of latanaprost be stored?

A

In fridge

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24
Q

Prostaglandins end in?

A

Prost

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25
Q

Which BBs are non-selective?

A

All but betaxolol

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26
Q

Dosing for timolol

A

1 drop daily or BID

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27
Q

Important insturctions for Gels

A

Shake once before use

wait 10 minutes after inserting other eye drops before using gel

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28
Q

Do BB eye drops contain BAK?

A

Yes some do

29
Q

What is a warning of Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors?

A

Sulfa allergy

30
Q

What is the major warnings for prosts?

A
  • Darkening of the Iris, eyelid skin and eyelashes, can increase length and number of eyelashes
31
Q

What are the 3 prostaglandin analogs

A

Bimatoprost

Latanaprost

Travoprost

32
Q

Examples of cough cold and motion sickness meds that can increase IOP? 2

A
  1. Antihistamines
  2. Scopalamine
33
Q

AD and AS?

A

Right ear: AD

Left ear: AS

34
Q

What is the goal for the treatment of glaucoma?

A

Decrease IOP

35
Q

What 4 sets of drugs increase IOP?

A
  1. Anticholinergics
  2. Cough/cold and motion sickness med
  3. Chronic steroids especially in the eye
  4. Topiramate
36
Q

What do cholinergic (miotics) do for glaucoma?

A

Increase outflow

37
Q

What are the 5 examples of anticholinergic that increase IOP?

A
  1. TCAs
  2. Oxybutnin
  3. Tolterodine
  4. Benztropine
  5. trihexphenidyl
38
Q

What are the most effective drugs for lowering IOP?

What do they end in?

A

Prostaglandin analogs

Prost

39
Q

What drug is preferred if pressure is only in one eye?

A

BBs

40
Q

Timoptic XE, Timolol GFS dosing?

A

Gels

Daily

41
Q

Conjuctivitis or pink eye commonly occurs in what population and can it spread?

A

Young children and is highly contagious

42
Q

What 4 things should a parent do to reduce the risk of conjuctivitis?

A
  1. Not touch their eyes
  2. Hand hygiene
  3. Change towels and wash clothes daily
  4. Discard eye cosmetics
43
Q

Most common virus for conjuctivitis?

A

Adenovirus

44
Q

What is the treatment for viral conjuctivitis?

A

No topical treatment

45
Q

Common cause of bacterial conjuctivitis?

A

Staph Aureus

46
Q

More severe bacteria that can cause conjuctivitis?

2

A

N. Gonorrhoeae

or Chlamydia

47
Q

4 main topical antibiotics used for the treatment of bacterial conjuctivitis

A
  1. Moxifloxacin
  2. Neo/pol/dexamethasone
  3. Ofloxacin
  4. TMP/Polymyxins
48
Q

Vigamox

A

Moxifloxacin

49
Q

Maxitrol

A

Neo/poly/dexamethasone

50
Q

Ocuflox

A

Ofloxacin

51
Q

Polytrim

A

TMP/Polymyxin B

52
Q

Azasite generic, storage and stability

A

Store in fridge

stable for 14 days at room temp

53
Q

Antihistamines for allergic conjuctivitis? 2

A
  1. Azelastine
  2. Olaptadine (Patanol, Pataday)
54
Q

What is Blepharitis and what is the treatment?

A

Eyelid inflammation and treat with warm moist compress

55
Q

How can eye inflammation be reduced? 3 things

A
  1. Cold compress
  2. NSAID if mild
  3. Steroids if severe
56
Q

Roid eye drops for Inflammation?

A

Prednisolone

Omnipre, Preforte, Pred Mild

Limit use due to increase ocular pressure

57
Q

NSAIDs for ocular inflammation?

A

Ketorolac Acular

58
Q

Acular

A

Ketorolac

59
Q

Treatment for dry eyes?

A

Cyclosporine

60
Q

Restasis?

A

Cyclosporine emulsion eye drop

61
Q

Drugs that cause retinal changes/ retinopathy?

2

A
  1. Chloroquine
  2. Hydroxychloroquine
62
Q

3 drugs that cause optic neuropathy?

A
  1. Amiodarone + corneal deposits
  2. Ethambutol
  3. Linezolid
63
Q

Floppy iris syndrome what issues can it cause and what drugs can cause ti?

A
  1. Problems in cataract surgery
  2. Alpha blockers (Doxazosin)
64
Q

Color discrimination? 3 drugs what are the changes for each?

A
  1. Digoxin yellow green with toxicity
  2. PDE-5 Inhibitors (Sildenafil) green tinge around objects
  3. Voriconazole color vision changes
65
Q

Vision loss/Abnormal Changes

5

A
  1. Digoxin with toxicity blurriness or halos
  2. PDE-5 vision loss in one or both eyes can be permanent
  3. Isotretinoin decrease nice vision which can be permanent
  4. Vigabitrin permanent vision loss, high risk
  5. Voriconazole: abnormal vision, photophobia
66
Q

What conditions should you be cautious with when counseling someone on timolol? 5

A

COPD, Chronic Bronchitis, emphysema, asthma, advanced cardiac disease

67
Q

Otitis Externa Drug Treatment?

A

Ciprodex

Ciprofloaxacin and dexamethasone

68
Q

Treatment of cerumen block

A

Carbamide peroxide (Debrox) triethanolamine

NAPLEX (64 decks)

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