MICRO102A > CAMPYLOBACTER > Flashcards

CAMPYLOBACTER Flashcards

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1
Q

Give the pathogenesis and clinical signs induced by C. fetus subsp. fetus?

A
  • After ingestion, there is hematogenous spread with infection of the uterine mucosa
  • May cause sporadic abortion in cattle and multiple abortions in sheep
  • Placenta and fetus maybe infected with abortion occurring late in pregnancy; fetuses may undergo autolysis and there maybe
    stillbirths
  • After expelling fetus, ewes may develop metritis
  • Placenta maybe hemorrhagic and edematous
  • Necrotic foci in fetal liver characteristic
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2
Q

____ in drinking water is an effective treatment against C. jejuni.

A

Erythromycin

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3
Q

C. jejuni can’t survive in phagosome. True or False?

A

False

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4
Q

What are the 2 pathogenic Campylobacter spp.?

A
  • Campylobacter fetus (2 subsp.)
  • C. jejuni
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5
Q

____ is used to detect subsp. venerealis in semen.

A

PCR

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6
Q

Classify Campylobacter spp. according to O2 requirement.

A
  • Microaerophilic (3%-5% CO2)
  • Aerobic or anaerobic and oxidase positive
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7
Q

2Describe the morphology of Campylobacter spp.

A
  • S-shaped, spirally curved (one or more spirals)
  • Gram-negative
  • Pleomorphic
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8
Q

Between subsp. venerealis and fetus, which can cause human infections?

A

subsp. fetus

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9
Q

What is the type of immune response triggered when an individual is infected by Campylobacter spp.?

A
  • Non-specific immune response such as gastric acidity and intestinal transit time
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10
Q

Where can you collect C. fetus specimens?

A
  • Cervical mucus and preputial secretions for culture
  • Fetal stomach contents
  • Fetal tissues
  • Placenta
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11
Q

How many species are recognized and how many species are pathogenic?

A

18 spp.; 2 are pathogenic

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12
Q

______ and _____ are the two blood cells present in feces of an individual infected by Campylobacter spp.

A

Neutrophils and macrophages

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13
Q

C. fetus subsp. venerealis causes?

A

Bovine genital campylobacteriosis

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14
Q

Campylobacter spp. can pass thru ____ um membrane filter.

A

0.65 um

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15
Q

How do you prevent infection of Campylobacter spp.?

A
  1. Bacterin composed of C. fetus subsp. venerealis with adjuvants such as oil, alum or other compounds; immunity short duration
    —- Used to eliminate carrier state in bulls
    —- Also for prevention of ovine diseases
  2. Semen for AI treated with streptomycin and penicillin
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16
Q

Non-pathogenic Campylobacter spp. are found on?

A

Mucous membranes of the genital and intestinal tracts

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17
Q

Campylobacter utilizes CHO. True or False?

A

False

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18
Q

Where can you find C. fetus subsp. fetus?

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A
  • Intestines of cattle and sheep
  • Genital tract of infected sheep and cattle
19
Q

C. fetus subsp. venerealis is found in?

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A
  • Preputial cavity of asymptomatic bull
  • Genital tract of cow and heifer
20
Q

C. jejuni occurs as commensal of ?

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A

Intestinal tracts of domestic and wild animals including birds, poultry, dogs, and cats

21
Q

____ is the potent endotoxin of C. jejuni.

22
Q

Cytotoxin of C. jejuni causes ?

Study These Flashcards
A

Local tissue destruction and abscess formation

23
Q

The enterotoxin of C. jejuni is similar to ____ toxin.

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A

Cholera toxin - activates adenylate cyclase which increases levels of cyclic AMP resulting to fluid loss into the lumen of the intestine, thereby, diarrhea

24
Q

What are the clinical signs induced by C. fetus subsp. venerealis?

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A
  • Placenta and fetus invaded with occasional abortion at 5-8
    months
  • Newborn will only live for a few hours
  • Embryo may die and be resorbed
  • Infected placenta hemorrhagic and edematous
  • Uterine infection causes metritis and results in infertility
  • Organism maybe shed from uterus for varying periods
  • Results in delayed calving season
25
ID of Campylobacter spp. isolates is based on ____ ribosomal RNA gene sequences.
16S
26
What test is moderately reliable in ID of Campylobacter spp.?
Cervical and vaginal mucus agglutination test
27
What are the 2 subsp. under Campylobacter fetus?
* C. fetus subsp. fetus * C. fetus subsp. venerealis
28
C. jejuni treatment is feasible. True or False?
False
29
In laboratory diagnosis of Campylobacter, blood agar plate is incubated at what temp. and what atmospheric composition?
* 37 C * 10% CO2, 5% O2, 85% N2
30
Describe the resulting colonies after Campylobacter is inoculated on BAP.
* Fine, pinpoint colonies after 3 to 6 days incubation * Smears reveal small, Gram-negative rods that assume various forms, short and long, both curved and **S-shaped**; long, wavy filaments sometimes seen
31
16S rRNA sequences are utilized in what type of specific test? (Hint: fingerprinting)
Fluorescent amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) fingerprinting
32
Semen for AI treated with streptomycin and penicillin can eliminate what subspecies of Campylobacter fetus?
* Only C. fetus subsp. venerealis
33
What are the treatments against Campylobacter infection?
1. Penicillin and streptomycin 2. Irrigation of uterus and prepuce with streptomycin 3. Tetracycline in feed or by injection for prophylaxis
34
C. jejuni is usually killed by?
HCL
35
_____ protein of the S-layer protein is immunodominant antigen in C. fetus.
99-kDa
36
Demonstration of Campylobacter spp. in the fetal stomach is mediated by _____ staining and by ______ microscopy.
negative; phase or dark field
37
Specific immunity against Campylobacter spp. involves what antibodies?
1. IgA 2. IgM 3. IgG
38
What is the mode of infection of C. fetus subsp. venerealis?
Venereal - organism present in semen of infected bull
39
____ is used to identify C. fetus in preputial washings, cervical mucus, and fetal stomach contents.
FAT
40
In laboratory diagnosis of Campylobacter, what agar is used?
Blood agar (Brucella agar base)
41
What are the virulence factors of C. jejuni?
1. Adhesin 2. Endotoxin 3. Cytotoxin 4. Enterotoxin 5. Flagella
42
What is the mode of infection of C. fetus subsp. fetus
* Ingestion * Directly * Fomites *** Not venereal from ram
43
What are the clinical signs induced by C. jejuni?
* **Diarrhea and enterocolitis** in dogs, cats, sheep, goats, calves, minks, ferrets and other animals * Causes **infrequent abortion** in bitches, ewes and cows; **mastitis** in cows * Cause of **avian infectious hepatitis** in chickens and turkeys; hemorrhagic and necrotic changes in the liver
44
ELISA is usually utilized in what secretion?
Vaginal (but not routinely used)
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