chromatin remodeling
adding kr removing chemical groups to or from histones, which can alter gene expression
microRNA
a 21 or 22 base long RNA that binds to certain mRNAs, blocking their translation into protein
proteomics
cataloging all of the proteins a specific organelle or cell type makes under specific conditions
single-cell transcriptomics
identifying all of the mRNA molecules that an individual cell produces at a given time and circumstance
transcriptome
the collection of mRNA molecules in a cell
why are there different proteins?
chromatin remodeling
alternate splicing
microRNAs
protein folding
polypeptide shortened
sugars added
polypeptides aggregate
whats an example of alternate splicing
dentinogenesis imperfecta
how many genes are in the human genome
20325
how many mRNAs
100k
how many proteins
1 million
what 4 globin chains are oart of an embryo
2 epsilon 2 zeta
what 4 globin chains are in a fetus
2 alpha 2 gamma
what 4 globin chains are in an adult
2 alpha 2 beta
what 2 things make up the pancreas
exocrine and endocrine
what does the exocrine do
it releases digestive enzymes
what does the endocine do
it secretes hormones
is chromatin remodeling an epigenetic change
yes, it doesnt change DNA but changes expression
what are the 3 things of chromatin remodeling
phosphorylation, acetylation, and methylation
what does merhylation do
it is an off switch for genes and turns off transcription
what charge is acetyl
positive
what protein does acetyl attract
Lysine
what charge is phosphorus
negative
why might MZ twins have only one with symptoms
different methyl pattern
what is a housekeeping gene
genes always transcribed and translated
