admixture
new combination of gene variants that arises when individuals from two previously distinct populations have children together
balanced polymorphisms
maintenance of a harmful recessive allele in a population because the heterozygote had a reproductive advantage
cline
an allele frequency that changes from one geographical area to a neighboring one
endogamy
marrying within a population group
eugenics
the control of individual reproductive choices to achieve a societal goal
founder effect
an accelerator of genetic drift in which a few individuals found a new settlement, perpetuating a subset of alleles from the original population
genetic drift
changed in allele frequencies from generation to generation in a population, due to chance
genetic load
the collection of deleterious recessive alleles in a population
identical by descent
linked DNA sequences that are transmitted together over generations
natural selection
differential survival and reproduction of individuals with particular phenotypes in particular environments, which may alter allele frequencies in subsequent generations
population bottleneck
a latge decrease in population size resulting from an event that kills many members of a population, followed by restoration of population numbers; it accelerates genetic drift
run of homozygosity
region of the genome in which contiguous SNPs are homozygous, indicating a shared ancestor with another person with the same pattern
