FINAL 02 - Pneumonia

Question 1

Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis are __________ causes of CAP

Answer 1

Typical

Question 2

Meaning of CAP

Answer 2

Community acquired pneumonia

Question 3

Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydia pneumoniae, and Legionella spp. are __________ causes of CAP

Answer 3

Atypical

Question 4

Influenza, SARS-CoV-2, and RSV are __________ causes of CAP

Answer 4

Viral

Question 5

A CURB-65 score of 0-1 is __________; outpatient

Answer 5

Mild

Question 6

A CURB-65 score of 2 is _________; consider admission

Answer 6

Moderate

Question 7

A CURB-65 score of ≥3 is __________; hospital (possibly ICU)

Answer 7

Severe

Question 8

GP/Outpatient (CAP severity)

Answer 8

Mild

Question 9

Hospital (CAP severity)

Answer 9

Moderate

Question 10

Hospital; possibly ICU (CAP severity)

Answer 10

Severe

Question 11

Amoxicillin; alternative is doxycycline monotherapy (CAP severity)

Answer 11

Mild

Question 12

Benzylpenicillin IV + doxycycline or azithromycin (CAP severity)

Answer 12

Moderate

Question 13

Ceftriaxone IV + azithromycin or moxifloxacin IV (if Legionella is suspected) (CAP severity)

Answer 13

Severe

Question 14

If influenza or COVID-19 is suspected, add __________ or antiviral per national COVID guidelines (Pharmacotherapy for CAP)

Answer 14

Oseltamivir

Question 15

For __________, use cefuroxime or ceftriaxone (Pharmacotherapy for CAP)

Answer 15

Penicillin allergy (non-severe)

Question 16

For __________, use moxifloxacin (covers atypicals and S. pneumoniae) (Pharmacotherapy for CAP)

Answer 16

Penicillin allergy (severe)

Question 17

For ____________ (e.g., travel, outbreak), add azithromycin or use moxifloxacin (Pharmacotherapy for CAP)

Answer 17

Legionella risk

Question 18

Meaning of HAP

Answer 18

Hospital acquired pneumonia

Question 19

S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, MSSA, and enteric GNB (gram negative bacilli) are causes of __________ (<5 days) HAP

Answer 19

Early onset

Question 20

Pseudomonas aeruginosa, MRSA, and ESBL-producers are causes of __________ (≥5 days) HAP

Answer 20

Late onset

Question 21

Amoxicillin-clavulanate IV or ceftriaxone IV (HAP severity)

Answer 21

No MDR risk

Question 22

Piperacillin-tazobactam IV or cefepime IV or meropenem (ESBL suspected) (HAP severity)

Answer 22

With MDR risk

Question 23

Add vancomycin IV or linezolid (HAP severity)

Answer 23

MRSA suspected

Question 24

Often causes UTIs and can be involved in HAP, especially in immunocompromised (HAP organisms)

Answer 24

Escherichia coli (E. coli)

Question 25

Classic cause of "currant jelly sputum" in necrotizing pneumonia; common in aspiration and HAP (HAP organisms)

Answer 25

Klebsiella pneumoniae

Question 26

Resistant strains (AmpC) increasingly common in nosocomial infections (HAP organisms)

Answer 26

Enterobacter spp.

Question 27

More commonly in UTIs but can cause HAP (HAP organisms)

Answer 27

Proteus spp.

Question 28

Can cause ventilator-associated pneumonia; often multi-drug resistant (HAP organisms)

Answer 28

Serratia marcescens

Question 29

Seen in nosocomial infections in immunocompromised patients (HAP organisms)

Answer 29

Citrobacter spp.

Question 30

MRSA pneumonia (HAP/VAP) (MRSA scenario option) (VL)

Answer 30

Vancomycin, Linezolid (may penetrate lungs better)

Question 31

MRSA bacteremia/endocarditis (MRSA scenario option) (VL)

Answer 31

Vancomycin (preferred), Linezolid (not first-line for bloodstream infections)

Question 32

Renal impairment (MRSA scenario option)

Answer 32

Linezolid (preferred; no renal clearance)

Question 33

GI function intact + non-severe infection (MRSA scenario option)

Answer 33

Oral linezolid

Question 34

Patient on SSRIs or history of myelosuppression (MRSA scenario option)

Answer 34

Avoid linezolid (risk of serotonin syndrome and thrombocytopenia)