What is the cutoff for surgery in lung cancer staging?
IIIB - non-surgical
Contralateral or supraclavicular
T4- mediastinal invasion, pleural effusion, carina invasion, spine invasion
What is the most common ILD pattern for rheumatoid arthritis, sclerodema, Sjorgrens?
RA- UIP
Sclerodema- NSIP
Sjogrens- LIP
Appearance of Castelmann’s Disease?
Hyperenhancing potato nodes
Kaposi’s Sarcoma can also have Hyperenhancing nodes
Which airway entities spare the posterior wall of the trachea?
Relapsing polychondritis and Tracheobronchopathia
Osteochondroplastic
Wegner’s and Amyloid can involve the posterior walls
Appearance of bronchiolitis obliterans?
Bronchiectasis, air-trapping, bronchial wall thickening
Common in lung transplant and immunocompromised
Most common tracheal malignancy?
Squmaous Cell Carcinoma
Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma- young adults, generally posterior in trachea
Bronchial Malignancy?
Sq. CC
Mets- RCC
Carcinoid- ectopic ACTH, cushings
Symptom associated with fibrous tumor of the pleura?
Hypoglycemia
Also associated with Hypertrophic osteoarthropathy
What is associated with thymoma?
myasthenia gravis, red cell aplasia, hypogammaglobulinemia
Key finding in ectopic thyroid?
will be behind great vessels (all other anterior mediastinal masses are anterior to vessels)
Most common ASD?
Ostium secoundum- at fossa ovalis
Ostium primum- lower portion of atrial septum
Sinus Venosus- superior aspect of septum- associated with anomalous pulmonary venous return
Enlarged left pulmonary artery?
pulmonary stenosis
Pulmonary artery hypertension ?
30 mm Hg
Which metastases are associated with pneumothorax?
OSteosarcoma
Perilymphatic: subpleural, peribronchovascular, septal nodules DDX?
sarcoidosis (classic), lymphangitic spread (less common) > silicosis/CWP > amyloidosis, LIP
Hypervascular lymph nodes?
Castlemans and Karposi
DDx upper lung disease?
– Silicosis/CWP: occupational hx
– Sarcoidosis: bronchovascular distribution
– EG: young smokers, nodules bizarre cysts, hyperinflation (spares angles)
– Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (acute: lower lobe consolidation; subacute: upper lobe Centrilobular nodules; chronic: upper lobe interstitial fibrosis)
– Reactivation TB/fungal: nodules, cavities, apical volume loss, hilar retraction
– Ankylosing spondylitis: fibrocystic change, spine findings
– Cystic fibrosis: hyperinflation, bronchiectasis
Supravalvular stenosis?
Williams syndrome
Constrictive pericarditis typically spares?
Left atrium- no pericardium posteriorly
Apex of left ventricle
What does a pericardial cyst arise from?
Attached to parietal pericardium, do not communicate w/pericardial space
Fibrothorax in TB?
When Ca+, TB is almost always the cause (NOT asbestos, the fibrothorax of asbestos does not calcify)
Most common CHD assocaited with right arch?
truncus arteriosus, TOF, transposition, tricuspid atresia
Clinical presentation of chronic eosinophilic pneumonia?
peripheral airspace opacities with no symptoms, can migrate, resolve
